《大学英语翻译》课程授课教案（口译）Module 6 Simultaneous interpreting

Module6 Simultaneous interpreting (200 minutes) 教学内容 指导思想 同声传译 Simultaneous interpretation requires communicating the message in 让学生 (2分钟) the target language almost at the same time as the speaker is delivering 解同声传 the message in the source language.The speaker does not pause for the 译的特与 interpreter. 及用途。 The main advantage of simultaneous interpreting is its speed proceedings may go ahead in English or Chinese with virtually no interruptions.To be proficient in this mode.interpreters need training and practice 同声传译，While you are expected to interpret at virtually the same time as the 学生讲行 技巧 speaker is speaking. you have to wait to hear 同声传译 (3分钟) before you ntl 训练注 be a few words behind the speaker.However,try not to get too fa 事项。 behind. .You may take note of names.dates and numbers during thi .However,remember that you will have very itte time todo S0, as you will be speaking.You may be better off relying on your memory. .In simultaneous interpreting as in consecutive interpreting you interpretation should reflect the tone and style of the speaker. Shadowing Repeat what the speaker says,word for word in the same language 影子练习 (30分钟) full thought behind the speaker 帮助学生 This exercise allows you to become accustomed to speaking and 分散注意 listening at the same time. 力，让学 It is also particularly helpful in your second language,as it improve 生能在说 vour pronunciation.enunciation.and speed. 的时候依 Moreover, repeating phrases constantly helps you retrieve then 姚能理 quickly when you are interpreting:if it a language is not your native 听到的内 language,you should shadow the passages in that language as frequently as possible to develop your fluency and phrasing. Repeat the exercise as many times as necessary,until you can shadov everything the speaker says without omitting any words Eg. Electronic books have changed the way many people read for pleasure Now online textbooks are changing the way some students learn and some teachers teach More than one hundred seventy-five thousand students attend the year,the school system used digital books in fifteen schools.This school year,middle schools and high schools changed from printed to electronic textbooks in their social studies classes. Luke Rosa is a history teacher at Falls Church High School.His students work on school laptop computers.He explains the idea to

Module 6 Simultaneous interpreting (200 minutes) 教学内容 指导思想 同声传译 (2 分钟) Simultaneous interpretation requires communicating the message in the target language almost at the same time as the speaker is delivering the message in the source language. The speaker does not pause for the interpreter. The main advantage of simultaneous interpreting is its speed, as proceedings may go ahead in English or Chinese with virtually no interruptions. To be proficient in this mode, interpreters need training and practice. 让学生了 解同声传 译的特点 及用途。 同声传译 技巧 (3 分钟） •While you are expected to interpret at virtually the same time as the speaker is speaking, you have to wait to hear a few words from the speaker before you can start interpreting. You will therefore constantly be a few words behind the speaker. However, try not to get too far behind. •You may take note of names, dates and numbers during this exercise. However, remember that you will have very little time to do so, as you will be interpreting at the same time as the speaker is speaking. You may be better off relying on your memory. •In simultaneous interpreting, as in consecutive interpreting, your interpretation should reflect the tone and style of the speaker. 学生进行 同声传译 训练注意 事项。 Shadowing (30 分钟) Repeat what the speaker says, word for word, in the same language. Try to lag a full thought behind the speaker. This exercise allows you to become accustomed to speaking and listening at the same time. It is also particularly helpful in your second language, as it improves your pronunciation, enunciation, and speed. Moreover, repeating phrases constantly helps you retrieve them quickly when you are interpreting; if it a language is not your native language, you should shadow the passages in that language as frequently as possible to develop your fluency and phrasing. Repeat the exercise as many times as necessary, until you can shadow everything the speaker says without omitting any words. E.g. Electronic books have changed the way many people read for pleasure. Now online textbooks are changing the way some students learn and some teachers teach. More than one hundred seventy-five thousand students attend the public schools in Fairfax County, Virginia, outside Washington. Last year, the school system used digital books in fifteen schools. This school year, middle schools and high schools changed from printed to electronic textbooks in their social studies classes. Luke Rosa is a history teacher at Falls Church High School. His students work on school laptop computers. He explains the idea to 影子练习 帮助学生 分散注意 力，让学 生能在说 的时候依 然能理解 听到的内 容

them this way LUKE ROSA:Imean,it's just like a regular textbook,except it's go Peter Noonan.an assistant superintendent of schools.says with electronic textbooks,publishers can quickly update the content with the latest information PETER NOONAN:"The worlds changing consistently.And the online textbookscan change right along with the events that are happening." Digital books also cost less than printed textbooks he says PETER NOONAN:"Usually it's in the neighborhood of between fifty and seventy dollars to buy a textbook for each student which adds ur to ro oughly eight million dollars for all of our students County.We actually have purchased all of the online textbooks for ou students for just under six million dollars" So what do students think? MELANIE REUTER:"Idon't have to carry a textbook around.so that's nice" MARIA STEPHANY:"I don't like it because the Internet sometimes, its like,doesn't work." BRIAN TRAN:"You can highlight your work.You can leave notes on your work and it'll all be saved onto your account.It's a lot better than a regular textbook." Social studies teacher Michael Bambara says the e-book he uses in hi government class is better than a printed textbook.He likes the way it has materials for students with different levels of reading skills. MICHAEL BAMBARA:"Particularly this book,that I use in government has differentiated reading levels.So aperson can But the students also need access to the Internet when they are not at school.About ten percent of students in Fairfax County do not have a computer or online access at home.Stephen Castillo is one of them. STEPHEN CASTILLO:"Pretty much I go to,like,the library,I gues or go toa friend's house." Publiclibraries in the county have free Internet.There are als after-school computer labs as well as computer clubhouses supported by the county.Middle school student Slieman Hakim is happy about that.He says his family has to share a single computer at home. SLIEMAN HAKIM:"All of my family works on a computer.my sister and me both do our homework onitSoI come here to do my homework.It's good. Other school systems in the area are also considering online textbooks In Prince George's County,Maryland,asurvey showed that sixty percent of students have computer access at home.Curriculum

them this way. LUKE ROSA: "I mean, it's just like a regular textbook, except it's got it all online." Peter Noonan, an assistant superintendent of schools, says with electronic textbooks, publishers can quickly update the content with the latest information. PETER NOONAN: "The world's changing consistently. And the online textbooks can change right along with the events that are happening." Digital books also cost less than printed textbooks, he says. PETER NOONAN: "Usually it's in the neighborhood of between fifty and seventy dollars to buy a textbook for each student, which adds up to roughly eight million dollars for all of our students in Fairfax County. We actually have purchased all of the online textbooks for our students for just under six million dollars." So what do students think? MELANIE REUTER: "I don't have to carry a textbook around, so that's nice." MARIA STEPHANY: "I don't like it because the Internet sometimes, its like, doesn't work." BRIAN TRAN: "You can highlight your work. You can leave notes on your work and it'll all be saved onto your account. It's a lot better than a regular textbook." Social studies teacher Michael Bambara says the e-book he uses in his government class is better than a printed textbook. He likes the way it has materials for students with different levels of reading skills. MICHAEL BAMBARA: "Particularly this book, that I use in government has differentiated reading levels. So a person can individualize their learning and I can individualize their instruction." But the students also need access to the Internet when they are not at school. About ten percent of students in Fairfax County do not have a computer or online access at home. Stephen Castillo is one of them. STEPHEN CASTILLO: "Pretty much I go to, like, the library, I guess, or go to a friend's house." Public libraries in the county have free Internet. There are also after-school computer labs as well as computer clubhouses supported by the county. Middle school student Slieman Hakim is happy about that. He says his family has to share a single computer at home. SLIEMAN HAKIM: "All of my family works on a computer, my sister and me both do our homework on it. So I come here to do my homework. It's good." Other school systems in the area are also considering online textbooks. In Prince George's County, Maryland, a survey showed that sixty percent of students have computer access at home. Curriculum

Director Gladys Whitehead says an e-book test project is being lan GLADYS WHITEHEAD:"Next year well just have a pilot with probably one classroom and one subject area.so that we can see.you know,what issues will come up with complete online access." Dual task While shadowing write something totally unrelated on a piece of 双重任务 (25分钟) the numerals from I to 1.and then 练习讲 步训练学 When you can do that without omitting any of the speaker's words, 生注意力 count by times of3 from3 to99,and then backwards. 分配能 The point of this exercise is to increase your concentration and 力，让学 accustom you to working two different in preparatio 生能在 for simultaneous interpreting.when you will have to process the 听 说的 source-language message while generating the target-language 时仍能 message. 旁顾，为 Whenever you get to the point that you can shadow the speaker easily 同声传译 while performing the written task increase the difficulty of the written 打好基 task(write out yo name,address and security number,ther copy names and addresses from the phone book,etc.). 选择的线 Ex.1 习材料宜 Listen to On-line Books,and write the numerals from 1 to 100 at the 从简单入 same time. 手。 Ex 2 Listen to On-line Books,and write the numerals from 100 to 1 at the same time. Ex.3 Listen to On-line Book,and write 26 letters repeatedly at the same time. Everglades National Park-One of the World's Great Biologica Wonders STEVE EMBER:When many people think of Florida,images of sandy coastlines or fun theme park rides come to mind.Yet about an hour south of Miami lies a natural wilderness different from anywhere else in the United States Everglades National Park is the largest subtropical wilderness in the country.The park is home to several rare and endangered species.It is also the third largest national park in the lower forty-eight states,after Death Valley and Yellowstone.Each year,more than one million people visit the everglades FAITH LAPIDUS:n nint President Hary Trm spoke at the official opening of Everglades National Park He said the goal of creating the park was to protect forever a wild area that could never be replaced The Everglades is considered one of the geat biological wonders of

Director Gladys Whitehead says an e-book test project is being planned. GLADYS WHITEHEAD: "Next year we'll just have a pilot with probably one classroom and one subject area, so that we can see, you know, what issues will come up with complete online access." Dual task (25 分钟) While shadowing, write something totally unrelated on a piece of paper. Begin by writing the numerals from 1 to 100, and then backwards from 100 to 1. When you can do that without omitting any of the speaker's words, count by times of 3 from 3 to 99, and then backwards. The point of this exercise is to increase your concentration and accustom you to working on two different tasks at once, in preparation for simultaneous interpreting, when you will have to process the source-language message while generating the target-language message. Whenever you get to the point that you can shadow the speaker easily while performing the written task, increase the difficulty of the written task (write out your name, address and social security number; then copy names and addresses from the phone book, etc.). Ex. 1 Listen to On-line Books, and write the numerals from 1 to 100 at the same time. Ex. 2 Listen to On-line Books, and write the numerals from 100 to 1 at the same time. Ex. 3 Listen to On-line Book, and write 26 letters repeatedly at the same time. Everglades National Park - One of the World's Great Biological Wonders STEVE EMBER: When many people think of Florida, images of sandy coastlines or fun theme park rides come to mind. Yet about an hour south of Miami lies a natural wilderness different from anywhere else in the United States. Everglades National Park is the largest subtropical wilderness in the country. The park is home to several rare and endangered species. It is also the third largest national park in the lower forty-eight states, after Death Valley and Yellowstone. Each year, more than one million people visit the Everglades. FAITH LAPIDUS: In nineteen forty-seven, President Harry Truman spoke at the official opening of Everglades National Park. He said the goal of creating the park was to protect forever a wild area that could never be replaced. The Everglades is considered one of the great biological wonders of 双重任务 练习进一 步训练学 生注意力 分配能 力，让学 生能在 听、说的 同时仍能 旁顾，为 同声传译 打好基 础。 选择的练 习材料宜 从简单入 手

the world.The expansive wetlands stretch across more than six undred tho res It isaplace where plants and animas fro the Caribbean Sea share an ecosystem with native North America species. Nine different environments exist within the Everglades.They include mangrove and cypress swamps.estuaries and coastal marshes. STEVE EMBER:In the nineteen-forties,Marjory Stoneman Dougla wrote a book called,"The Everglades:River of Grass."She described the areaas,"the liquid heart of Florida" Unlike most other national parks Everglades National Park wa created to protect an ecosystem from damage.The Everglades is hom to about species that federal officials say are threatened an endangered.They include the Florida panther,the American crocodi and the West Indian manatee. In addition,more than three hundred fifty bird species and three hundred species of fresh and saltwater fish live within the park.The Everglades is also home to forty species of mammals and fifty reptile species FAITH LAPIDUS:Visitors to the Everglades will see many exotic plants.They include what is said to be the largest growth of mangrove trees in the western world.Gumbo-limbo trees,known for their peeling red skin,strangler figs and royal palms are also among the are's plant life.The country's largest living mahogany tree also live in the Everglades. Sawgrass grows in some areas of the park Be careful-sawgrass is very sharp.with teeth just like a saw.It can grow up to four meter tall.on-half meters of rainfall each year,plant and stop growing in the Everglades (MUSIC) STEVE EMBER:The dry.winter season is the favorite of mos visitors,when insects like mosquitoes are less of a problem The rainy season lasts from June to november There are many ways to explor the Everglades Visitors canse alligators while hiking the Anhin Trail.The Everglades is one of the only places on Earth wher freshwater alligators and saltwater crocodiles live in the same area Visitors using canoes or airboats are likely to see large groups of wading birds like the wood stork or the great blue heron.It is even possible to see flamingos in the Everglades. s through Shark Valle Others may want to move slowly through shallow waters where they can see insects and wildlife up-close.Park guides also lead visitors on tram rides FAITH LAPIDUS:Experts say changes to the Everglades are

the world. The expansive wetlands stretch across more than six hundred thousand hectares. It is a place where plants and animals from the Caribbean Sea share an ecosystem with native North American species. Nine different environments exist within the Everglades. They include mangrove and cypress swamps, estuaries and coastal marshes. (MUSIC) STEVE EMBER: In the nineteen-forties, Marjory Stoneman Douglas wrote a book called, "The Everglades: River of Grass." She described the area as, "the liquid heart of Florida." Unlike most other national parks, Everglades National Park was created to protect an ecosystem from damage. The Everglades is home to about fifteen species that federal officials say are threatened and endangered. They include the Florida panther, the American crocodile and the West Indian manatee. In addition, more than three hundred fifty bird species and three hundred species of fresh and saltwater fish live within the park. The Everglades is also home to forty species of mammals and fifty reptile species. FAITH LAPIDUS: Visitors to the Everglades will see many exotic plants. They include what is said to be the largest growth of mangrove trees in the western world. Gumbo-limbo trees, known for their peeling red skin, strangler figs and royal palms are also among the area's plant life. The country's largest living mahogany tree also lives in the Everglades. Sawgrass grows in some areas of the park. Be careful - sawgrass is very sharp, with teeth just like a saw. It can grow up to four meters tall. With about one and one-half meters of rainfall each year, plants and trees never stop growing in the Everglades. (MUSIC) STEVE EMBER: The dry, winter season is the favorite of most visitors, when insects like mosquitoes are less of a problem. The rainy season lasts from June to November. There are many ways to explore the Everglades. Visitors can see alligators while hiking the Anhinga Trail. The Everglades is one of the only places on Earth where freshwater alligators and saltwater crocodiles live in the same area. Visitors using canoes or airboats are likely to see large groups of wading birds like the wood stork or the great blue heron. It is even possible to see flamingos in the Everglades. Some visitors might enjoy riding bicycles through Shark Valley. Others may want to move slowly through shallow waters where they can see insects and wildlife up-close. Park guides also lead visitors on tram rides. FAITH LAPIDUS: Experts say changes to the Everglades are

threatening several different kinds of wildlife.They say the threats are more than fifty yearsa,and began even earlier. The National Park Service says that early colonial settlers and land developers believed the Everglades had little value.The settlers had plans to remove water from the area in the eighteen eighties developers began digging canals to reduce water levels.At the tim As a result,they were not prepared for all the work and caused environmental problems.The ecosystem,however,was able to survive STEVE EMBER:Even larger efforts to drain the wetlands continued between nineten oh five and nineteen ten Farms were built on arg pieces of land.This led to increased development,with more peopl moving to the Everglades and also more visitors.More changes came in nineteen forty-eight At that time,Congress approved the Central and South Florida Project.As part of the plan,the Army Corps of Engineers built roads,canals and water-control systems throughou South Florida The aim of the project was to provide water and flood protection for developed areas and agriculture.Workers built a huge system of waterways and pumping stations to control the overflow of Lake Okeechobee north of the everglades FAITH LAPIDUS:Today,fifty percent of South Florida's early wetland areas no longer exist.Populations of wading birds have been reduced by ninety percent.Whole populations of animals are in danger of disappearing.The endangered creatures include the manatee,the Miami blackhead snake,the wood stork and the Florida panther. In ecent years,experts have eaed about the dama to the Everglades.They say the balance of nature there has beer destroyed. (MUSIC) STEVE EMBER:About ten years ago,Congress approved a plan to restore and improve the Everglades.Federal,state and other partners in the Comprehensive Everglade Restoration Plan.The project is expected to cost about twelve billion five hundred million dollars.Early in two thousand ten,work began on the Picayune Strand Restoration Project.A goal of the project is to nineteen sixties.At the time.the goal was to develop the land of Picayune Strand for homes.However,the development harme healthy wetlands. FAITH LAPIDUS:Project organizers hope to re-create wetlands in

threatening several different kinds of wildlife. They say the threats are a result of actions the United States government began more than fifty years ago, and settlers began even earlier. The National Park Service says that early colonial settlers and land developers believed the Everglades had little value. The settlers had plans to remove water from the area. In the eighteen eighties, developers began digging canals to reduce water levels. At the time, they did not understand the complexity of the Everglades' ecosystem. As a result, they were not prepared for all the work and caused environmental problems. The ecosystem, however, was able to survive. STEVE EMBER: Even larger efforts to drain the wetlands continued between nineteen oh five and nineteen ten. Farms were built on large pieces of land. This led to increased development, with more people moving to the Everglades and also more visitors. More changes came in nineteen forty-eight. At that time, Congress approved the Central and South Florida Project. As part of the plan, the Army Corps of Engineers built roads, canals and water-control systems throughout South Florida. The aim of the project was to provide water and flood protection for developed areas and agriculture. Workers built a huge system of waterways and pumping stations to control the overflow of Lake Okeechobee, north of the Everglades. FAITH LAPIDUS: Today, fifty percent of South Florida's early wetland areas no longer exist. Populations of wading birds have been reduced by ninety percent. Whole populations of animals are in danger of disappearing. The endangered creatures include the manatee, the Miami blackhead snake, the wood stork and the Florida panther. In recent years, environmental experts have learned about the damage to the Everglades. They say the balance of nature there has been destroyed. (MUSIC) STEVE EMBER: About ten years ago, Congress approved a plan to restore and improve the Everglades. Federal, state and other organizations are partners in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. The project is expected to cost about twelve billion five hundred million dollars. Early in two thousand ten, work began on the Picayune Strand Restoration Project. A goal of the project is to re-establish natural water flow across more than twenty-two thousand hectares of land. Workers removed water from that area in the early nineteen sixties. At the time, the goal was to develop the land of Picayune Strand for homes. However, the development harmed healthy wetlands. FAITH LAPIDUS: Project organizers hope to re-create wetlands in

Picayune Strand and nearby lands by redirecting the flow of water in that area.At the me time,they are tore-esblish natur flowto the Ten Thousand Islands National Wildlife refuge. Goals of the project are to make major additions to the size and improve wetland ecosystems in nearby lands.The area includes the Collier seminole state park and the florida panther national wildlife STEVE EMBER:For example,the population of one big cat has beer falling in recent years.Panthers once existed in much greater numbers But too much hunting.loss of panther homelands and vehicle strikes have reduced their population Fewer than one hundred of the animal FAITH LAPIDUS:Wildlife experts are working to increase the number of panthers and other animals at risk.At the same time. biologists are attempting to remove Burmese pythons.Officials believe there are as many as one hundred fifty thousand of these larg snakes in the Everglades However,the snakes are a foreign species,native to Southeast Asia Owners of pythons left their unwanted snakes in the Everglades years ago.Biologists say adult pythons are able to eat small deer and bobcats When pythons are found in the Everglades,they are often killed.Scientists are now experimenting with other ways to remove the snakes,including use of traps and offering payments to hunters STEVE EMBER:The future of the Everglades is not clear.However efforts to protect the area are continuing so people from all over the world may continue visiting this biological treasure. CMUISICY FAITH LAPIDUS:This SCIENCE IN THE NEWS was written b Brianna Blake and Jerilyn Watson.Our producer was June Simms.I'm Faith Lapidus. STEVE EMBER:And I'm Steve Ember.Read and listen to our programs at www.unsv.com.And you can about Everglades National Park and improve the park at www.evergladesplan.org.Join us again next wee for more news about science in Special English on the Voice of America Paraphrase Begin shadowing the speaker.As you go along.change the wording of 解释训练 (20分钟) whe ever you ca witho ring the meaning 帮助学生 This is a very difficult exercise (harder than interpreting in fact)tha 提高语言 serves several purposes 表述能 1)it forces you to build up your decalage as you wait to hear 力，在听 something meaningful before rewording it: 的同时对 2)itbuilds your vocabulary: 所听到的

Picayune Strand and nearby lands by redirecting the flow of water in that area. At the same time, they are seeking to re-establish natural water flow to the Ten Thousand Islands National Wildlife refuge. Goals of the project are to make major additions to the size and improve wetland ecosystems in nearby lands. The area includes the Collier Seminole State Park and the Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge. If the goals are met, the project should help threatened and endangered animals. STEVE EMBER: For example, the population of one big cat has been falling in recent years. Panthers once existed in much greater numbers. But too much hunting, loss of panther homelands and vehicle strikes have reduced their population. Fewer than one hundred of the animals now live in Florida. FAITH LAPIDUS: Wildlife experts are working to increase the number of panthers and other animals at risk. At the same time, biologists are attempting to remove Burmese pythons. Officials believe there are as many as one hundred fifty thousand of these large snakes in the Everglades. However, the snakes are a foreign species, native to Southeast Asia. Owners of pythons left their unwanted snakes in the Everglades years ago. Biologists say adult pythons are able to eat small deer and bobcats. When pythons are found in the Everglades, they are often killed. Scientists are now experimenting with other ways to remove the snakes, including use of traps and offering payments to hunters. STEVE EMBER: The future of the Everglades is not clear. However, efforts to protect the area are continuing so people from all over the world may continue visiting this biological treasure. (MUSIC) FAITH LAPIDUS: This SCIENCE IN THE NEWS was written by Brianna Blake and Jerilyn Watson. Our producer was June Simms. I'm Faith Lapidus. STEVE EMBER: And I'm Steve Ember. Read and listen to our programs at www.unsv.com. And you can see videos about Everglades National Park and projects to protect and improve the park at www.evergladesplan.org. Join us again next week for more news about science in Special English on the Voice of America. Paraphrase (20 分钟) Begin shadowing the speaker. As you go along, change the wording of the message wherever you can, without altering the meaning. This is a very difficult exercise (harder than interpreting, in fact) that serves several purposes: 1) it forces you to build up your décalage as you wait to hear something meaningful before rewording it; 2) it builds your vocabulary; 解释训练 帮助学生 提高语言 表述能 力，在听 的同时对 所听到的

3)it increases your mental agility and problem-solving ability as you 内容用自 stantly think of different f saying the same th ng:and 己的语言 进行表 ferreting out the underlying meaning of the message. 述。 It would be a good idea to look up alternative words and phrases in a synonym dictionary.Paraphrasing is a good maintenance exercise that after you begin interpreting It isimportant tonote that paraphrasing is a valuable an mental exercise;never paraphrase when you are actually interpreting. Ex. Paraphrase Everglades National Park. 同传练习1， 同传的对 (100 分 M:Hello,I have a reservation for tonight 象可以是 钟) Your name,please 对话内 M:Nelson,Charles Nelson. 容、演讲 W:OK,Mr.Nelson.That's a room for five,and.M:But excuse me, 内容、独 you mean a room for five pounds?I didn't know the special was sc 白内容。 设计练习 Acording to our rordsm 也要多样 booked under your name. 化。 M:No,no.Hold on.You must have two guests under the name. W:OK.Let me check this again.Oh,here we are. M Yeah? W:Charles Nelson.Aroom for one for the 19th M:Wait,wait.It was for tonight.Not tomorrow night. W:Em.,I don't think we have any rooms for tonight There's a conference going on in town and.er,let's see.yeah,no rooms. M:Oh,come on!You must have something,anything W.Well,let.letme check my computer here.Ah M:What? W:There has been a cancellation for this evening.A honeymoon suite is now available M:Great I'll take it W:ButI'llhave tocharge you 150 pounds for thenight M:What?Ishould getaisot for the inconven W:Well,the best I can give you is a 10%discount plus a ticket for a free continent breakfast. M:Hey.isn't the breakfast free anyway? W:Well,only on weekends. nanage Wait wait wait Mr.Nelson,I think I can give you an additiona 15%discount. 2 M:Mary!I hope you are packed and ready to leave

3) it increases your mental agility and problem-solving ability as you constantly think of different ways of saying the same thing; and 4) it enhances your analytical skills as you become more adept at ferreting out the underlying meaning of the message. It would be a good idea to look up alternative words and phrases in a synonym dictionary. Paraphrasing is a good maintenance exercise that you should return to periodically even after you begin interpreting. It is important to note that paraphrasing is a valuable learning tool and mental exercise; never paraphrase when you are actually interpreting. Ex. Paraphrase Everglades National Park. 内容用自 己的语言 进行表 述。 同传练习 （ 100 分 钟） 1. M: Hello, I have a reservation for tonight. W: Your name, please. M: Nelson, Charles Nelson. W: OK, Mr. Nelson. That's a room for five, and. M: But excuse me, you mean a room for five pounds? I didn't know the special was so good. W: No, no, no . According to our records, a room for 5 guests was booked under your name. M: No, no . Hold on. You must have two guests under the name. W: OK. Let me check this again. Oh, here we are. M: Yeah? W: Charles Nelson. A room for one for the 19th. M: Wait, wait. It was for tonight. Not tomorrow night. W: Em. , I don't think we have any rooms for tonight. There's a conference going on in town and . er, let's see .yeah, no rooms. M: Oh, come on! You must have something, anything! W: Well, let. let me check my computer here. Ah! M: What? W: There has been a cancellation for this evening. A honeymoon suite is now available. M: Great. I'll take it. W: But I’ll have to charge you 150 pounds for the night. M: What? I should get a discount for the inconvenience! W: Well, the best I can give you is a 10 % discount plus a ticket for a free continent breakfast. M: Hey, isn't the breakfast free anyway? W: Well, only on weekends. M: I want to talk to the manager. W: Wait, wait, wait .Mr. Nelson, I think I can give you an additional 15 % discount. 2. M: Mary! I hope you are packed and ready to leave. 同传的对 象可以是 对话内 容、演讲 内容、独 白内容。 设计练习 也要多样 化

W:Yes,Im packed,but not quite ready.I can't find my passport. M:Your pass oThat's the ne behind I i ve remember which bag it's in. M:Well:you have to find it at the airport Come on!The taxi's waiting W.Did you say ax?I thoughtwe were goingin yourca M:Yes,well.I have planned to.But I'll explain later.You've got to be there in an hour. W:The plane doesn't leave for two hours.Anyway,I'm ready to go now M:Now,you're taking just one case.Is that right? W.No.there'sonein the hall as well M:Gosh!What a lot of stuff You re taking enough for a month instead of a week! W:Well,you can't depend on the weather.It might be cold. M:It's never cold in Rome,certainly not in May.Come on,we really must go W.Right,we're ready.We've got the bags,I'm sure there's no need to rush. M:There is.I asked the taxi driver to wait two minutes,not twenty! W:Look,I'm supposed to be going away to relax.Youre making me M:Well,I want you torelax on holiday,but you cant relax yet. W:OK.I promise not to relax.at least not until we get to the airport and I find my passport. 3 W Oh!I'm fed up with my iob! M:Hey!There'sa perfect ob for you in the paper today.You might b interested. W:Oh?What is it?What do they want? M:Wait a minute.Ah,here it is.The European Space Agency is recruiting translators W:The E opean Space Agency? M:Well,that s-what it says.They need an English translator to work from French or German. W:So they need a degree in French or German,I suppose.Well,I've got that.What's more?I have plenty of experience.What else are they asking for? M:Just that.Auniversity degree,years of experience as translator in a professional environment.They also say,the person should have a lively and inquiring mind,effective communication skills,and the ability to work individually,or as a part of a team. W:Well.if I stay at my present job much longer,I won't have an

W: Yes, I'm packed, but not quite ready. I can't find my passport. M: Your passport? That's the one thing you mustn't leave behind! W: I know. I haven't lost it. I've packed it, but I can't remember which bag it's in. M: Well; you have to find it at the airport. Come on! The taxi's waiting. W: Did you say taxi? I thought we were going in your car. M: Yes, well, I have planned to. But I'll explain later. You’ve got to be there in an hour. W: The plane doesn't leave for two hours. Anyway, I'm ready to go now. M: Now, you're taking just one case. Is that right? W: No, there's one in the hall as well. M: Gosh! What a lot of stuff! You re taking enough for a month instead of a week! W: Well, you can't depend on the weather. It might be cold. M: It's never cold in Rome, certainly not in May. Come on, we really must go. W: Right, we're ready. We've got the bags, I'm sure there's no need to rush. M: There is. I asked the taxi driver to wait two minutes, not twenty! W: Look, I'm supposed to be going away to relax. You're making me nervous! M: Well, I want you' to relax on holiday, but you can't relax yet. W: OK, I promise not to relax, at least not until we get to the airport and I find my passport. 3. W: Oh! I'm fed up with my job! M: Hey! There's a perfect job for you in the paper today. You might be interested. W: Oh? What is it? What do they want? M: Wait a minute .Ah, here it is. The European Space Agency is recruiting translators. W: The European Space Agency? M': Well, that’s-what it says. They need an English translator to work from French or German. W: So they need a degree in French or German, I suppose. Well, I've got that. What's more? I have plenty of experience. What else are they asking for? M: Just that. A university degree, and 3 or 4 years of experience as a translator in a professional environment. They also say, the person should have a lively and inquiring mind, effective communication skills, and the ability to work individually, or as a part of a team. W: Well, if I stay at my present job much longer, I won't have any

mind or skills left By the way,what about salary?I just hope it isn't lower than what I getnow M:It'ssid to be negotiable.It dependsn the applicant'sducatio and experience.In addition to basic salary.there's a list of extra benefits Have a look yourself W:En.travel and social security plus relocation expresses are paid Hey.this isn't bad.I really want the job 4.On-line Books Practice For simultancous interpreting practice,.you can use dialogues,.提出学生 stages monologues,speeches on different topics in different fields. 进行系统 (20 You will need two recording devices during the practice sessions:one 训练的五 to listen to the pre-recorded exercises and the other to record you 步磨。 performance. If you do not have access to two recording devices,another person car read the passages aloud and your recording device can record your performance. To practice simultaneous interpreting.follow the six stages identified Stage Preparation for simultaneous interpreting Have a notepad and a pen ready. Start playing the recorded source text.You should listen to the recording using a headset. Start the other recorder You will record your interpretation using this device. Stage 2:Initial simultaneous interpreting Listen attentively to the start of the passage. Once you have heard an interpretable segment-a phrase,a clause,ora short sentencestart interpreting simultaneously.You will continu listening to the speaker's next sment whileyou interpret the previ segment.While you are allowed to take notes,it is difficult to listen. speak and take notes at the same time:so limit your note-taking to important names,dates and numbers. Repeat this step for each segment,until you complete the last segment Stop the audio file and the voice recorder Stage 3:Comparison of initial simultaneous interpreting with recordec source text dialogue/monologue. Replay the first segment of the source text dialogue/monologue.You may listen to the sentence as often as necessary to grasp its meaning and take notes at this stage.Stop the audio fle before movingontoth following step Start the voice recorder from the beginning Listen carefully to you interpretation of sentence 1 and compare it with the source text dialogue/monologue.Note all the things that you have missed.Also note any poor expression in the target language

mind or skills left. By the way, what about salary? I just hope it isn't lower than what I get now. M: It's said to be negotiable. It depends on the applicant's education and experience. In addition to basic salary, there's a list of extra benefits. Have a look yourself. W: En. travel and social security plus relocation expresses are paid. Hey, this isn't bad. I really want the job. 4. On-line Books Practice stages （20 分钟） For simultaneous interpreting practice, you can use dialogues, monologues, speeches on different topics in different fields. You will need two recording devices during the practice sessions: one to listen to the pre-recorded exercises and the other to record your performance. If you do not have access to two recording devices, another person can read the passages aloud and your recording device can record your performance. To practice simultaneous interpreting, follow the six stages identified below. Stage 1: Preparation for simultaneous interpreting Have a notepad and a pen ready. Start playing the recorded source text. You should listen to the recording using a headset. Start the other recorder. You will record your interpretation using this device. Stage 2: Initial simultaneous interpreting Listen attentively to the start of the passage. Once you have heard an interpretable segment - a phrase, a clause, or a short sentence - start interpreting simultaneously. You will continue listening to the speaker's next segment while you interpret the previous segment. While you are allowed to take notes, it is difficult to listen, speak and take notes at the same time; so limit your note-taking to important names, dates and numbers. Repeat this step for each segment, until you complete the last segment. Stop the audio file and the voice recorder. Stage 3: Comparison of initial simultaneous interpreting with recorded source text dialogue/monologue. Replay the first segment of the source text dialogue/monologue. You may listen to the sentence as often as necessary to grasp its meaning and take notes at this stage. Stop the audio file before moving on to the following step. Start the voice recorder from the beginning. Listen carefully to your interpretation of sentence 1 and compare it with the source text dialogue/monologue. Note all the things that you have missed. Also note any poor expression in the target language. 提出学生 进行系统 训练的五 步骤

Repeat these steps for each sentence,until you complete the last sentence Stage 4:Analysis and resolution of problems Examine the notes you have taken during Stages 3 and 4 and analyse any words,expressions and segments that you missed or think are wrong.Try to determine why they caused you problems.Was it you did not understand the word orexpression? you did not know the equivalent in the target language? you did not remember something that was said earlier? Think of ways you can correct these mistakes Do any basic research required. .Redo the simultaneous interpreting (following all of the steps of Stage 2),and try to perform a more accurate and smoother interpretation of the dialogue/monologue

Repeat these steps for each sentence, until you complete the last sentence. Stage 4: Analysis and resolution of problems Examine the notes you have taken during Stages 3 and 4 and analyse any words, expressions and segments that you missed or think are wrong. Try to determine why they caused you problems.Was it because: you did not understand the word or expression? you did not know the equivalent in the target language? you did not remember something that was said earlier? Think of ways you can correct these mistakes. Do any basic research required. Stage 5: Final simultaneous interpreting •Redo the simultaneous interpreting (following all of the steps of Stage 2), and try to perform a more accurate and smoother interpretation of the dialogue/monologue