《翻译理论与实践》课程PPT教学课件（汉英翻译）第七章 篇章翻译

ChapterSevenTextTranslation句子翻译中的分与合主与次（整体与部分）句子的分译与合译第一，按内容层次分。例如：少年时一去不复返的，等到精力衰时，要做学问也来不及了。（胡适《不要抛弃学问》）Youth will soon be gone never to return. It will be toolateforyou to go into scholarshipwhen inyourdeclining years. (Tr. by Zhang Peiji)2.天色渐渐黑下来了，书桌上的电灯突然亮了，我从幻想中惊醒。Ithadgrowndark.Mytablelamp suddenlylitupandIrousedmyselffrommydream

Chapter Seven Text Translation 句子翻译中的分与合 主与次 (整体与部分) • 句子的分译与合译 • 第一，按内容层次分。例如： • 少年时一去不复返的，等到精力衰时，要做学问也来 不及了。(胡适《不要抛弃学问》) • Youth will soon be gone never to return. It will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years. (Tr. by Zhang Peiji) • 2. 天色渐渐黑下来了，书桌上的电灯突然亮了，我从 幻想中惊醒。 • It had grown dark. My table lamp suddenly lit up and I roused myself from my dream

那是力争上游的一种树，笔直的于，笔直的枝，它的于呢，通常是丈把高，像是加以人工似的，一丈以内，绝无旁枝；它所有的枝呢，一律向上，而且紧紧靠拢，也像是加以人工似的，成为一束，绝无横斜逸出；它的宽大的叶子也是片片向上，几乎没有斜生的，更不用说倒垂了；它的皮，光滑而有银色的晕圈，微微泛出淡青色。It is an aspiring tree with a straight trunk and straightbranches. The trunk is usually about a few feet highas ifman-made, with no lateral boughs for tenfeet.and all its forkedbranches thrust upwards closetogether, as if man-made too, forming a cluster withnone straying sideways or at an angle.All the broadleaves too riseupwardswithhardlyoneslanting,letalone drooping down.Thebark isa glossy silver halotinged with light green

• 那是力争上游的一种树，笔直的干，笔直的枝，它的干 呢，通常是丈把高，像是加以人工似的，一丈以内，绝 无旁枝；它所有的桠枝呢，一律向上，而且紧紧靠拢， 也像是加以人工似的，成为一束，绝无横斜逸出；它的 宽大的叶子也是片片向上，几乎没有斜生的，更不用说 倒垂了；它的皮，光滑而有银色的晕圈，微微泛出淡青 色。 • It is an aspiring tree with a straight trunk and straight branches. The trunk is usually about a few feet high, as if man-made, with no lateral boughs for ten feet, and all its forked branches thrust upwards close together, as if man-made too, forming a cluster with none straying sideways or at an angle. All the broad leaves too rise upwards with hardly one slanting, let alone drooping down. The bark is a glossy silver halo tinged with light green

第二、从主语变换处分译。她隔窗望去，突然发现有只小船停泊在河边，船里有位船夫睡的正香。Looking through the window, shesuddenly spotted a boat moored to thebank.In it there was a boatman fastasleep四周没有灯火，那座祠堂也睡着了。No lamps shone around.The memorialtemplewasalsoasleep

第二、从主语变换处分译。 • 她隔窗望去，突然发现有只小船停泊在河 边，船里有位船夫睡的正香。 • Looking through the window, she suddenly spotted a boat moored to the bank. In it there was a boatman fast asleep. • 四周没有灯火,那座祠堂也睡着了。 • No lamps shone around. The memorial temple was also asleep

处分译。第三，从关联词（如转折）声速随温度的升降会有轻微的增减，但不受气压的影响。The speed of sound increases slightly with a riseintemperatureandfalls slightlywithadecreaseintemperature.it is notaffectedbythepressureof air.餐馆里只有几个人，或许是因为天气冷的缘故吧There were only a few people in the restaurant.Probablybecauseofthecoldweather!

第三，从关联词（如转折）处分译。 • 声速随温度的升降会有轻微的增减，但不受气压 的影响。 • The speed of sound increases slightly with a rise in temperature and falls slightly with a decrease in temperature. it is not affected by the pressure of air. • 餐馆里只有几个人，或许是因为天气冷的缘故吧。 • There were only a few people in the restaurant. Probably because of the cold weather!

第四，意义完整、独立处分译你走了，不能送你，我做首诗送你吧！（《周恩来诗选》）You are going away. Sorry I can't seeyou off. Let me send you a poem instead!

第四，意义完整、独立处分译 • 你走了，不能送你，我做首诗送你吧！ （《周恩来诗选》） • You are going away. Sorry I can’t see you off. Let me send you a poem instead!

被观众鼓了几声掌就飘飘然，忘乎所以，就选成了歌星就坐飞机，就灌唱片，这简直是胡闹！是对灵魂的腐蚀Onceonegetssomeapplause,one's head will swellAnd one will be treated like a star,given free planetripsand invited tohave one's voice recordedeverywhere.It's ridiculous! It is nothing but thecorruption of themind!像中世纪骑士那样站在虹的桥上，高揭者什么怪好听的旗号，二是在只是出风头，或竞是待价而沽，这样的新式的骑士，在“新黑暗时代”的几今日，大概是不会少有的吧？He may seem a medieval knight standing on therainbowbridge andholding high somefancybanner,whenactuallyheissimply seekingthelime-lightorwaiting forthehighest bid.There are probably not afew new knights of this kind in ourpresent.“New DarkAge

• 被观众鼓了几声掌就飘飘然，忘乎所以，就选成了歌星， 就坐飞机，就灌唱片，这简直是胡闹！是对灵魂的腐蚀！ • Once one gets some applause, one’s head will swell. And one will be treated like a star, given free plane trips and invited to have one’s voice recorded everywhere. It’s ridiculous! It is nothing but the corruption of the mind! • • 像中世纪骑士那样站在虹的桥上，高揭者什么怪好听的 旗号，二是在只是出风头，或竟是待价而沽，这样的新 式的骑士，在“新黑暗时代”的几今日，大概是不会少 有的吧？ • He may seem a medieval knight standing on the rainbow bridge and holding high some fancy banner, when actually he is simply seeking the lime-light or waiting for the highest bid. There are probably not a few new knights of this kind in our present. “New Dark Age”. •

第五，原文出现总说或分述是要译我们的政策是实行“一个国家，两个制度”，具体说就是在中华人民共和国内，十亿人口的大陆实行社会主义制度，香港、台湾实行资本主义制度。We are pursing a policy of“one countrywith twosystems".More specifically,thismeans that withinthePeople's Republic of China,themainland with its onebillion people will maintain the socialist system, whileHong Kong and Taiwan continue under the capitalistsystem.2.在学校里，他因作业做得好而大受老师的称赞，又因朗读出色而受到同学们的恭维，一切都顺利进行At school hewas commendedbyhis teacherforthefindhomework and flattered by hisclassmates for hisreading well.Everythingwent smoothly

第五，原文出现总说或分述是要译。 • 我们的政策是实行“一个国家，两个制度”，具体说， 就是在中华人民共和国内，十亿人口的大陆实行社会主 义制度，香港、台湾实行资本主义制度。 • We are pursing a policy of “one country with two systems”. More specifically, this means that within the People’s Republic of China, the mainland with its one billion people will maintain the socialist system, while Hong Kong and Taiwan continue under the capitalist system. • 2. 在学校里，他因作业做得好而大受老师的称赞，又因 朗读出色而受到同学们的恭维，一切都顺利进行。 • At school he was commended by his teacher for the find homework and flattered by his classmates for his reading well. Everything went smoothly

第六，为了强调语气而采用分译。它不像汉白玉那样的细腻，可以刻字雕花，也不像大青石那样的光滑，可以供来浣纱捶布。它静静地卧在那里，院边的槐阴没有底覆它花儿也不再在它身边生长。Itwasnotlikeafinepieceofwhitemarbleonwhichwordsorflowerscouldbecarved,norlike a smoothbigblushstonepeopleusedtowashtheirclotheson.ThestonejustlaythereI silence,enjoyingnoshading from the pagoda trees by theyard,noflowers growingaroundit2.我们主张对我国神圣领土台湾实行和平统一，有关的政策，也是众所周知和不会改变的，并且正在深入全中华民族的心坎。Wewantpeaceful reunificationwith Taiwanwhichispartof oursacredterritory.Ourpolicyinthisregardis alsoknowntoallandwillnotchange.Thedesireforpeacefulreunificationofthemotherlandistakinghole intheheartsofthe entireChinesenation

第六，为了强调语气而采用分译。 • . 它不像汉白玉那样的细腻，可以刻字雕花，也不像大青石那样的光 滑，可以供来浣纱捶布。它静静地卧在那里，院边的槐阴没有庇覆它， 花儿也不再在它身边生长。 • It was not like a fine piece of white marble on which words or flowers could be carved, nor like a smooth big blush stone people used to wash their clothes on. The stone just lay there I silence, enjoying no shading from the pagoda trees by the yard, no flowers growing around it. • 2.我们主张对我国神圣领土台湾实行和平统一，有关的政策，也是众 所周知和不会改变的，并且正在深入全中华民族的心坎。 • We want peaceful reunification with Taiwan which is part of our sacred territory. Our policy in this regard is also known to all and will not change. The desire for peaceful reunification of the motherland is taking hole in the hearts of the entire Chinese nation

汉语句子的合译在关联词处合译。例如：从前有个俊俏的年轻人，名叫王小，人人都喜欢他，可他总是闷闷不乐。因为它有一个说话尖刻，崂吻不休的继母Once there lived a handsome Youngman named WangXiaowho,thoughafavoritewith everyone,was unhappybecausehe had a sharp-tonguednaggingstepmother

汉语句子的合译 • 在关联词处合译。例如： • 从前有个俊俏的年轻人，名叫王小，人 人都喜欢他，可他总是闷闷不乐。因为 它有一个说话尖刻，唠叨不休的继母。 • Once there lived a handsome Young man named Wang Xiao who, though a favorite with everyone, was unhappy because he had a sharp-tongued, nagging step mother

按内容连贯合译第二天，我又接到了一个电报。這個雷有三十四個字，報告的遗是那同檬的消息，不過比前一個電報説得更群细：我的哥哥死了，而且是自己用刀割喉管死的。The following dayI received anothertelegram consistingof 34ciphers,givingmore details:mybrotherhad committedsuicideby cutting his ownthroat

按内容连贯合译 • 第二天，我又接到了一个电报。這個電 報有三十四個字，報告的還是那同樣的 消息，不過比前一個電報說得更詳細： 我的哥哥死了，而且是自己用刀割斷喉 管死的。 • The following day I received another telegram consisting of 34 ciphers, giving more details: my brother had committed suicide by cutting his own throat