《有机化学》课程综合练习（答案）有机化学综合练习（10-11）

有机化学综合练习四解答1.（2R）-2-甲基环已酮2.2,3-环氧丁烷3环已酮苯腺4.4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲醛5.2一氯一4-硝基苯酚OH6.H-CH3ph7.（2R，5R）—5-辛烯-2-醇8.12-冠—4CN-OH9.CH3O—CHCH2 CH310.CH3CH32.C二、 1. B>A>C>D3.B4.D>A>B>C5.A、B、D6.A8、A7.A、BOHCHO9.C>D>A>B10.CHCL3OHOH三、 1.CH3cCH2CH3C-CH3CH3CH2=0CH2CH3CH3CH32.CHCHCH3CCH3CH2phCHOH

有机化学综合练习四解答 一、 1．（2R）-2-甲基环已酮 2．2,3-环氧丁烷 3．环已酮苯腙 4．4―羟基―3―甲氧基苯甲醛 5．2―氯―4―硝基苯酚 H OH ph CH3 6. 7．（2R，5R）―5―辛烯―2―醇 8．12―冠―4 9. CH3 O CH CH3 CH2 CH3 10. C N OH CH3 二、1. B>A>C>D 2.C 3.B 4.D>A>B>C 5.A、B、D 6.A 7.A、B 8、A 10. CHO CHCL3 OH - 9. C > D > A > B OH OH 三 、 1. CH3 C CH2 CH3 CH3 C CH2 CH2 CH3 O 2. CH3 CH3 C O CH CH3 CH3 CH2ph CH3 C OH CH CH3

OH3.CNOCH2-—CHCH2CH2CH-4.CH2CIOHO5.CH3CH,CH36.CH3CH3CH,CH3OH OHCH, O0=ph、7.CCH3NCNHphOHCH38.C4HgCH3CH3.9.CH2CCHOCH-中CHCH310.→phCH2CHCH211.CH2 CH3phCHH20,H*1OH

3. OH CN O 4. CH2 CH CH2Cl O CH2 CH CH2 OH 5. O 6. C C CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 OH OH CH3 C C CH3 CH3 O CH3 7. ph CH3 C N OH CH3 C NHph O 8. CH S S C C4H9 S S 9. CH3 CH3 C CH2 CH CHO CH3 CH3 C 10. O O O 11. ph CH2 CH CH2 H2O,H + ph CH OH CH2 CH3

CHOOH12.CHOOHNNHph13.CH3CH314.C=CH-COO-CH3 0-CH=(CH3CH31cO015.CH3OCH3O CH2 CH — CH2OH16.CH2 CH =CH2-CH2OHCH2OH17.HOCH2CCHOHOCH2—C-CH2OH-CH2OHCH20HCH3-CH318.CCCCCH3CH3OHOH四、1.A长时间不混浊浓HCIB几分钟的混浊，静置的分层无水ZnC12C很快混浊，静置的分层2.A无1Fecls出现兰紫色不变色B无12.4-二硝基苯肼c有1I2无1OHD有CHI31有1

OH OH CHO CHO 12. 13. O N NHph 14. CH3 O CH C C CH3 CH3 C CH CH3 CH3 COO - 15. CH3 CH3 O O O 16. O CH2 CH CH2 * CH2 CH CH2 * OH 17. HOCH2 CH2OH C CH2OH CHO HOCH2 - CH2OH C CH2OH CH2OH 18. CH3 CH3 C OH C C OH CH3 CH3 C O O 四、1．A 长时间不混浊 B 浓HCl 几分钟的混浊，静置的分层 无水ZnCl2 C 很快混浊，静置的分层 2. A B C D 2,4-二硝基苯肼 无↓ 无↓ 有↓ 有↓ Fecl3 I2 OH - 无↓ 有CHI3↓ 出现兰紫色 不变色

五、C,H,ONaCH3CHCHCH3O0HOC,H,OH+ C,H,O9CH3CH3+1OHOHOH2C.HsCHsCHsC,HsC,HsCHsCHsCHsOHOH重排HC2HsC2HsC,HsC,HsHOH3.NaOHCOHHHBrBrHBrBrHC

五、 1. CH3 CH3 O O C2H5ONa CH3 CH2 O O O - O CH3 C2H5OH O O CH3 + C2H5O - H 2. C2H5 C2H5 O H + C2H5 C2H5 OH + C2H5 C2H5 OH + C2H5 C2H5 OH + 重排 C2H5 OH + C2H5 ―H + C2H5 OH C2H5 3. H OH H Cl NaOH O + H O + H Br - H OH H Br O + H Br - Br H HO H

OHK4. HOCH,CH,CH,CHOHO-CH,CH,CH,XH0-H,0HHOHQH2HHCH,OHHOCHOCH3H六、CH,OH3HCHOHCHO1. CH,CHO-CHOHOCH稀OH浓OHCH,OHCH,OH2PhCHOHOCH2—(C-CH,OH干燥HCICH,OHCH;CH,CICH,MgCIClMghv无水乙醚CHC=OCH,CHCH2) H;0+CHOHSHLSHn-BuLiCH3CH3.CH,CHO干燥HCIo,s?CHCH2一CH3CH3Li-CH CH3CH3（-CH,OLi0=HgSO4CH2 CH CH3CH3H,SO4,H,0OH

4. HOCH2CH2CH2CHO H + HO CH2CH2CH2 OH C H + H O H OH + O H OH2 + ―H2O O + O + CH3OH O H O CH3 H ―H + O H O CH3 ―H + 六、 1. CH3CHO 3HCHO 稀OH - HOCH2 C CHO CH2OH CH2OH HCHO 浓OH - HOCH2 C CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH 2PhCHO 干燥HCl O O O O 2. CH3 Cl2 hv CH2Cl Mg 无水乙醚 CH2MgCl C O CH3 CH3 1) 2) H3O + C C OH CH3 CH3 H2 3. SH SH 干燥HCl CH3 CH S S CH3CHO n-BuLi CH3 C S S O CH2 CH2 CH3 CH3 C S S CH2 CH CH3 Li OLi HgSO4 H2SO4 , H2O CH3 C O CH2 CH CH3 OH

OH20CH3QCICH3HCH3ClOC.HsHNO3Cl2NaOC,Hs5H,SO4FeNO2NO2七、O=O=0 CH3B.CH2 CHOCH3C1. A.CH3CCH2 CHoCH30 CH3HCHO2.CD0CH3CH3CH33、CH31.A.CH-C=CH-CH CH2 CH3CH3-CH3CH3OHCH3B.CHC-CH-CH CH2 CH3CH3CH3OH CH3C.CH3 CH2 CH —CHOCH3CH3D.CH3CHC11CH3oCH3E.CH-CH2CH3CH

O NH N CH3 C Cl O +N CH3 O H2OH+ O CH3 O 4. 5. Cl2 Fe Cl HNO3 H2SO4 Cl NO2 OC2H5 NO2 NaOC2H5 七、1. A. CH3 C CH2 CH O O CH3 O CH3 C. CHCH3 2. O CH3 O CH3 3、1. A. CH CH3 CH3 CCH3 CH CH CH2 CH3 CH3 CH CH3 CH3 CCH3 CH CH2 CH3 CH3 B. OH CHOH C. CH3 CH2 CH CHO CH3 D. CH3 C CH O CH3 CH3 E. CH3 CH CH3 CH2 CH3 B. CH3 C CH2 CHO O D. CH3 CHO