福州大学：《翻译》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿）实用汉译英——第一单元 总论（授课人：陈小慰）

第一单元总论Unit1 Overview 1.1什么是翻译What is“翻译” 翻译：translating/translate/translation translator interpreter 1.翻译过程(translating process): 2.翻译行为(act of translating/interpreting; 3.译文或译语(franslated version) 4.翻译作品，译作(translation product); 5.翻译者(translator/interpreter): 6.翻译工作（事业）(translation profession)

第一单元 总论 Unit 1 Overview 1.1什么是翻译 What is “翻译” 翻译： translating / translate ／ translation / translator / interpreter 1．翻译过程(translating process)； 2．翻译行为(act of translating／interpreting); 3．译文或译语(translated version)； 4．翻译作品，译作 (translation product); 5. 翻译者(translator／interpreter)； 6．翻译工作(事业)(translation profession)

翻译是根据社会需要、实现某种目的的跨语言、 跨文化的交际行为。 A purposeful activity of communication between different languages and cultures which takes place in response to social needs 》 Tower of Babel Genesis confusion

翻译是根据社会需要、实现某种目的的跨语言、 跨文化的交际行为。 （ A purposeful activity of communication between different languages and cultures which takes place in response to social needs ） Tower of Babel Genesis confusion

The tower of Babel never will be built,because we now know that the sky has no limits;the stratagem of the confusion of languages is thus no longer necessary.All languages are worthy of respect,and translation permits men to communicate better and thus to understand each other better. (谁也不会再去建造巴别塔了，因为我们现在 懂得，太空是无边无际的。花费心思去搞乱各 种语言的事再也没有必要了。所有语言都应受 到尊重，而翻译恰好能使人们更好地进行交际， 从而更好地互相了解。) translation-services market in 1996:valued at over US$30 billion annually and is growing at 15-18 percent per year.(1996 MLIS Program, Translation Market Study)(Sprung 2000:vii

The tower of Babel never will be built, because we now know that the sky has no limits; the stratagem of the confusion of languages is thus no longer necessary. All languages are worthy of respect, and translation permits men to communicate better and thus to understand each other better. （谁也不会再去建造巴别塔了，因为我们现在 懂得，太空是无边无际的。花费心思去搞乱各 种语言的事再也没有必要了。所有语言都应受 到尊重，而翻译恰好能使人们更好地进行交际， 从而更好地互相了解。） translation-services market in 1996: valued at over US$30 billion annually and is growing at 15-18 percent per year. (1996 MLIS Program, Translation Market Study) (Sprung 2000: vii )

Major cultural progress under the influence of translation 《钦定本圣经》 (Authorized Version;King James Bible Introduction of Buddhism Buddhist Scripture'”; “Argumentative Writing”; naturalize

Major cultural progress under the influence of translation 《钦定本圣经》 (Authorized Version; King James Bible ) Introduction of Buddhism ; “Buddhist Scripture”; “Argumentative Writing” ; naturalize

As this world shrinks together like an aging orange and the peoples in all cultures move closer together (however reluctantly and suspiciously)it may be that the crucial sentence for our remaining years on earth may be very simply: TRANSLATE OR DIE. The lives of every creature on the earth may one day depend on the instant and accurate translation of one word.(这个世界正象个熟过 了头的橘子一样整个在缩小。不同文化的人们， 不管怎样不情愿，怎样心怀疑虑，正不断在相互 萋近：在今后的岁月里， 地球上至关重要的话也 许就是菲常简革的二句： 不译则亡。 在未来的某一天，地球上万物的生命也许就取决于 某个词迅速而准确的翻译。) People die because of lack of translation

As this world shrinks together like an aging orange and the peoples in all cultures move closer together (however reluctantly and suspiciously) it may be that the crucial sentence for our remaining years on earth may be very simply: TRANSLATE OR DIE. The lives of every creature on the earth may one day depend on the instant and accurate translation of one word. （这个世界正象一个熟过 了头的橘子一样整个在缩小。不同文化的人们， 不管怎样不情愿，怎样心怀疑虑，正不断在相互 靠近。在今后的岁月里，地球上至关重要的话也 许就是非常简单的一句： 不译则亡。 在未来的某一天，地球上万物的生命也许就取决于 某个词迅速而准确的翻译。） People die because of lack of translation

1.2什么是实用翻译What is“实用翻译” Pragmatic translation(政论文章、法律文件、科 技资料、商务信函、合同协议、新闻报道、公 司简介、商标广告、产品简介、产品说明、个 人简历、名片、画册文字、论文摘要、菜肴名 称、公共标牌、旅游宣传资料等等) 实用翻译的特点：“实用性”(pragmatic)), 面向 现实世界(real world oriented,not fictional), 以传达信息和施加影响为目的(to inform and to persuade)),起着宣传、指导、警示、鼓动、劝 导、说教等实用功能。 Translation for specific purposes ESP:English for specific purposes Extra-sensory perception

1.2什么是实用翻译 What is “实用翻译” Pragmatic translation (政论文章、法律文件、科 技资料、商务信函、合同协议、新闻报道、公 司简介、商标广告、产品简介、产品说明、个 人简历、名片、画册文字、论文摘要、菜肴名 称、公共标牌、旅游宣传资料等等) 实用翻译的特点: “实用性”(pragmatic)，面向 现实世界(real world oriented, not fictional)， 以传达信息和施加影响为目的(to inform and to persuade)，起着宣传、指导、警示、鼓动、劝 导、说教等实用功能。 Translation for specific purposes ESP: English for specific purposes Extra-sensory perception

1.3实用翻译市场的SWOT分析SWOT Analysis S strengths(优势) W weaknesses(弱点) O opportunities(机会) T threats(威胁) “不少中国企业的招商目录中，30%的英文是不 可理解的，这是中国招商引资中一个不被重视 却非常可怕的障碍。” 副市长(vice mayor)X ice mayor 贵宾卡(VIP Participant/Attendee) X attendant card

1.3 实用翻译市场的SWOT分析 SWOT Analysis S strengths（优势） W weaknesses（弱点） O opportunities（机会） T threats（威胁） “不少中国企业的招商目录中，30%的英文是不 可理解的，这是中国招商引资中一个不被重视 却非常可怕的障碍。 ” 副市长（vice mayor）ice mayor 贵宾卡（VIPParticipant/Attendee） attendant card

Very often Asian export products are accompanied by the oddest written instructions. Unfortunately,when shoddy English reaches the customer,he may judge the product to be shoddy too. (亚洲出口产品所附的英文说明常常洁屈聱牙， 显得特别古怪别扭。遗憾的是，当顾客看到蹩 脚的英语时，他也可能由此判断该产品也是蹩 脚的。)

Very often Asian export products are accompanied by the oddest written instructions. Unfortunately, when shoddy English reaches the customer, he may judge the product to be shoddy too. （亚洲出口产品所附的英文说明常常诘屈聱牙， 显得特别古怪别扭。遗憾的是，当顾客看到蹩 脚的英语时，他也可能由此判断该产品也是蹩 脚的。）

“在香港、台湾、东南亚和其他国家深受欢迎” X It is widely welcome in HK.Taiwan Southeast Asia and other countries. (It sells well in Hong Kong and Taiwan regions as well as Southeast Asian and other countries) 能减肥美容 X it can reduce fat and beauty with satisfactory slimming effects “福日股份” X Furi Stock (Fujian FURI Electronics PLC 请勿带包、饮料。X Please dont Bring Your Bags and Drinks.Thank your corporation. 请在此向前等候下楼X please here along wait go down

“在香港、台湾、东南亚和其他国家深受欢迎”  It is widely welcome in HK. Taiwan Southeast Asia and other countries. （It sells well in Hong Kong and Taiwan regions as well as Southeast Asian and other countries） 能减肥美容 it can reduce fat and beauty （with satisfactory slimming effects ） “福日股份”  Furi Stock （Fujian FURI Electronics PLC ） 请勿带包、饮料。Please dont Bring Your Bags and Drinks. Thank your corporation. 请在此向前等候下楼please here along wait go down

您呵护我成长，我维护您健康 X You care my growing and I I care your health (No Step) (Keep off the Grass) “小心地滑”Carefully slip (Wet Floor 听、说、读、写 改变世界Hearing,speaking, reading,writting make the world different 开心休闲屋X Happy Restroom (KARAOKE;KTV;For Your Fun KTV) 老公寄存处XHUSBAND RESTROOM Men's Creche;For Husbands) 台中酒楼X Taizhong Wineshop (Taizhong Restaurant

您呵护我成长，我维护您健康  You care my growing and I care your health (No Step) （Keep off the Grass） “小心地滑”  Carefully slip （Wet Floor ） 听、说、读、写 改变世界 Hearing，speaking， reading，writting make the world different 开心休闲屋Happy Restroom （KARAOKE; KTV; For Your Fun KTV） 老公寄存处HUSBAND RESTROOM ( Men’s Crèche；For Husbands） 台中酒楼Taizhong Wineshop (Taizhong Restaurant )