上海交通大学：《微生物学 Microbiology》课程教学资源（双语课件）Lecture 6.2 Microbial Growth Control in vitro and in vivo（ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS USED IN VIVO 体内使用的抗微生物制剂、ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE AND DRUG DISCOVERY 抗药性与新药研制）

上泽充通大￥ Shanghai Jiao Tong University Lecture 6-2 Microbial Growth Control in vitro and in vivo 三8 Chapter26in▣ Brock Biology of Microorganisms Chen Feng School of Life Science and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Lecture 6-2 Microbial Growth Control in vitro and in vivo Chen Feng School of Life Science and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Chapter 26 in Brock Biology of Microorganisms

上游充通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University III.ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS USED IN VIVO 体内使用的抗微生物制剂 Selective toxicity选择毒性 Can be used internally可体内使用 Chemotherapeutic agents化学治疗剂 Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Shanghai Jiao Tong University III. ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS USED IN VIVO 体内使用的抗微生物制剂 Selective toxicity选择毒性 Can be used internally可体内使用 Chemotherapeutic agents化学治疗剂

Chemotherapeutic agents can be categorized based on their structure基于化学结构的化学治疗剂分类 Antibiotic Subclassification Example Representative structure classification NH NH Carbohydrate- NHCNH2 Pure sugars Nojirimycin H2NCNH containing Aminoglycosides Streptomycin OH compounds Orthosomycins Everninomicin HO N-Glycosides Streptothricin CH3CH3 烃类 C-Glycosides Vancomycin HO. Glycolipids Moenomycin CH3. CH3CO0、 OH CHO H OH OH I. Macrocyclic Macrolide antibiotics Erythromycin CH3 CH2 CH3O、 lactones Polyene antibiotics Candicidin HO Ansamycins Rifampin H 大环内脂 Macrotetrolides Tetranactin HO CH2OH CH3 ML. Quinones and Tetracyclines Tetracycline Rifampin 利福平 related Anthracyclines Adriamycin NH-CH3 OH compounds Naphthoquinones Actinorhodin Streptomycin H2COCONH2 Benzoquinones Mitomycin H>N 醌类 链霉素 OCH3 Mitomycin C Figure 20-13 part 1 Brock Biology of Microorganisms 11/e 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall,Inc. 丝裂霉素

Chemotherapeutic agents can be categorized based on their structure基于化学结构的化学治疗剂分类 大环内脂 醌类 烃类 丝裂霉素 链霉素 利福平

Antibiotic Subclassification Example Representative structure classification NH2 IV. Amino acid Amino acid derivatives Cycloserine and peptide β-Lactam antibiotics Penicillin, OH CONH analogs ceftriaxone Peptide antibiotics Bacitracin COOH 氨基酸与 Chromopeptides Actinomycin CH2OH HN Depsipeptides Valinomycin Ceftriaxone Chelate-forming Bleomycin COOH 肽类似物 peptides COHNCH H2NCH V Heterocyclic Nucleoside antibiotics Polyoxins HCOH compounds HOCH OHOH containing nitrogen 含氮杂环类 CH2OCONH2 Polyoxin B多氧菌素 VI. Heterocyclic Polyether antibiotics Monensin H3C H3C compounds CH2CH3 containing CH3 oxygen 含氧杂环类 CH20H OH CH3 CH(CH3)COOH Monensin Figure 20-13 part 2 Brock Biology of Microorganisms 11/e 莫能菌素 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall,Inc

含氮杂环类 含氧杂环类 氨基酸与 肽类似物 莫能菌素 多氧菌素

Antibiotic Subclassification Example Representative structure classification HO H3C H3C VII.Alicyelic Cycloalkane derivatives Cycloheximide H2CH3 derivatives Steroid antibiotics Fusidic acid CH3 CH30 CH2OH 环脂类 OH CH3 Monensin VIll.Aromatic Benzene derivatives Chloramphenicol CH(CH3)COOH OCH3 compounds Condensed aromatics Griseofulvin Aromatic ether Novobiocin H3C. CH3 CH30 芳香类 HN CH3 H Griseofulvin 灰黄霉素 IX.Aliphatic Compounds containing Fosfomycin Cycloheximide compounds phosphorus 放线菌酮 H3C P03H2 Fosfomycin :脂肪类 Biology of Microorganisms 11/e 磷霉素 Hall,Inc

环脂类 芳香类 脂肪类 放线菌酮 灰黄霉素 磷霉素

Antibiotic Subelassification Example Representative structure classification X. Quinolone 4-Quinolone Nalidixic acid C2H5 compounds Fluoro-4-quinolones Ciprofloxacin Fosfomycin H3C、 喹诺酮类 COOH 0 Nalidixic acid XI.Oxazolidinone Cyclic lactone 2-Oxazolidinone 2-Oxazolidinone 噁唑类 gy of Microorganisms 11/e C

喹诺酮类 噁唑类

Mode of action of antibacterial agents Cell wall synthesis DNA gyrase DNA-directed RNA polymerase RNA elongation Cycloserine Quinolones Nalidixic acid Rifampin Vancomycin Ciprofloxacin Actinomycin Streptovaricins Bacitracin Novobiocin Penicillins Cephalosporins Protein synthesis Monobactams (50S inhibitors) Carbapenems Erythromycin(macrolides) DNA Chloramphenicol Clindamycin Folic acid metabolism Lincomycin Trimethoprim THF mRNA Sulfonamides、 米 Protein synthesis Ribosomes (30S inhibitors) 50 50 50 Tetracyclines 30 30 30 Spectinomycin Streptomycin Gentamicin Cytoplasmic membrane Kanamycin structure and function Amikacin Polymyxins Lipid Nitrofurans Daptomycin biosynthesis Protein synthesis Platensimycin (tRNA】 PABA Cytoplasmic Cell wall Mupirocin membrane Puromycin 2012 Pearson Education,Inc. FL ASH 中文名

Mode of action of antibacterial agents FLASH 中文名

Eukaryotes Bacteria Obligately parasitic Bacteria Viruses RNA DNA Fungi Mycobacteria Gram-negative Gram-positive Chlamydia Rickettsia Iviruses viruses Bacteria Bacteria Tobramycin Penicillins Nonnucleoside Azoles reverse transcriptase Allylamines Sulfonamides inhibitors Cycloheximide J Cephalosporins Polyenes Streptomycin Quinolones Protease inhibitors Fusion inhibitors Polyoxins Nucleic acid Tetracycline L INucleoside analogs analogs Interferon Echinocandins Isoniazid Polymyxins Vancomycin Daptomycin Platensimycin 2012 Pearson Education,Inc. Characteristic spectrum of antibacterial action of different agents 每种抗生素都有其特定的抗菌谱

Characteristic spectrum of antibacterial action of different agents 每种抗生素都有其特定的抗菌谱

充通大学 i Shanghai Jiao Tong University 漏 6.6 Synthetic Antimicrobial Drugs HANGH 人工合成的抗微生物药物 JIAO TONG

6.6 Synthetic Antimicrobial Drugs 人工合成的抗微生物药物

上泽充至大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 6.6.1 Growth Factor Analogs:Sulfa Drugs 磺胺类药物 Growth factor analogs:compounds that are structurally similar to the growth factors, but their structural differences prevent them from duplication the function of the natural G.Domagk growth factor in the cell..生长因子类似物： 与生长因子的结构相似，但不具有生长因 子的功能 Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Shanghai Jiao Tong University 6.6.1 Growth Factor Analogs: Sulfa Drugs 磺胺类药物 Growth factor analogs: compounds that are structurally similar to the growth factors, but their structural differences prevent them from duplication the function of the natural growth factor in the cell.生长因子类似物: 与生长因子的结构相似,但不具有生长因 子的功能. G. Domagk