上海交通大学：《微生物学 Microbiology》课程教学资源（双语课件）Lecture 7.1 Essentials of Molecular Biology（Genes and Gene Experession、DNA STRUCTURE）

上泽充通大￥ Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1896 1920 1987 2006 Lecture 7-1 Principles of Microbial Molecular Biology Chapter 6 in 18ss BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS Chen Feng School of Life Science and Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University http://micro.sjtu.edu.cn

1896 1920 1987 2006 Lecture 7-1 Principles of Microbial Molecular Biology Chen Feng School of Life Science and Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University http://micro.sjtu.edu.cn Chapter 6 in BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS

The oldest questions: why and how can parents transfer the basic traits Fertilization to their children? If babies develop from the combination (fertilization)of egg and sperm cells,what are really inside these cells to make them become the baby? A tiny man in the sperm cell?

The oldest questions: why and how can parents transfer the basic traits to their children? If babies develop from the combination (fertilization) of egg and sperm cells, what are really inside these cells to make them become the baby? A tiny man in the sperm cell? Fertilization

上帝充通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Questionnaire before the class 1.Did you learn“Exon"”and“Intron”before? 1)Yes;2)Not sure;3)No 2.Did you learn "Inverted repeat"and "Hairpin"before? 1)Yes;2)Not sure;3)No 3.Did you learn "supercoiling"before? 1)Yes;2)Not sure;3)No No.3 Chen Feng.Shanghai Jiao Tong University

No. 3 Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Questionnaire before the class 1. Did you learn “Exon” and “Intron” before? 1) Yes; 2) Not sure; 3)No 2. Did you learn “Inverted repeat” and “Hairpin” before? 1) Yes; 2) Not sure; 3)No 3. Did you learn “supercoiling” before? 1) Yes; 2) Not sure; 3)No

上帝充通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Questionnaire before the class 4.Did you learn“replication fork'”before? 1)Yes;2)Not sure;3)No 5.Did you learn "Bidirectional Replication"and “Replisome”before? 1)Yes;2)Not sure;3)No 6.Did you learn“Sanger sequencing”before? 1)Yes;2)Not sure;3)No No.4 Chen Feng.Shanghai Jiao Tong University

No. 4 Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Questionnaire before the class 4. Did you learn “replication fork” before? 1) Yes; 2) Not sure; 3)No 5. Did you learn “Bidirectional Replication” and “Replisome” before? 1) Yes; 2) Not sure; 3)No 6. Did you learn “Sanger sequencing” before? 1) Yes; 2) Not sure; 3)No

上泽充通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Questionnaire before the class 7.Did you learn“pCR”before? 1)Yes;2)Not sure;3)No 8.Did you learn "Transcription process"before? 1)Yes;2)Not sure;3)No 9.Did you learn "Translation process"before? 1)Yes;2)Not sure;3)No 10)Did you learn "molecular chaperones"before? 1)Yes;2)Not sure;3)No No.5 Chen Feng.Shanghai Jiao Tong University

No. 5 Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Questionnaire before the class 7. Did you learn “PCR” before? 1) Yes; 2) Not sure; 3)No 8. Did you learn “Transcription process” before? 1) Yes; 2) Not sure; 3)No 9. Did you learn “Translation process” before? 1) Yes; 2) Not sure; 3)No 10) Did you learn “molecular chaperones” before? 1) Yes; 2) Not sure; 3)No

上泽充通大￥ Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1896 1920 1987 2006 漏 I.Genes and Gene Experession 7.1 Macromolecules and Genetic Information GHALUNIVE VVV

1896 1920 1987 2006 I. Genes and Gene Experession 7.1 Macromolecules and Genetic Information

上泽充通大￥ Shanghai Jiao Tong University Genes and proteins synthesis A gene is a DNA segment specifying the sequence of a protein (or a rRNA,tRNA) Protein synthesis information within DNA molecule is used to direct the linking of different amino acids in a specific order/sequence. No.7 Chen Feng.Shanghai Jiao Tong University

No. 7 Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Genes and proteins synthesis A gene is a DNA segment specifying the sequence of a protein (or a rRNA, tRNA) Protein synthesis : information within DNA molecule is used to direct the linking of different amino acids in a specific order/ sequence

Steps in Information Flow 5 TTT GTT AAT CAGCAT CTT 3 3 AAACAATTAGTCGTAGAA 5 Three stages: DNA 5 TTT GTT AAT CAGCAT CTT 3 1.Replication复制 3 AAACAATTAGTCGTAGAA 5 2.Transcription转录 REPLICATION 3.Translation翻译 5 TTTGTTAAT CAGCATCTT 3 3 AAACAATTAGTCGTAGAA 5 TRANSCRIPTION OF BOTTOM STRAND Central dogma RNA SUUU GUU AAU CAGCAU CUU3 中心法则 TRANSLATION Protein H2N- Phe Val Asn GIn His Leu -COOH 2012 Pearson Education.Inc

Steps in Information Flow Three stages: 1. Replication复制 2. Transcription转录 3. Translation翻译 Central dogma 中心法则

上帝充通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Genetics Replication,transcription,and translation occur in all organisms. There are some differences in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes. No.9 Chen Feng.Shanghai Jiao Tong University

No. 9 Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Genetics Replication, transcription, and translation occur in all organisms. There are some differences in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes

Information transfer in prokaryotes原核生物的信息传递 Gene A Gene B DNA Transcription Coding region A Coding region B mRNA Translation Protein (a)Prokaryote A single mRNA often contains more than one coding region(polycistronic)多顺反子的

Information transfer in prokaryotes 原核生物的信息传递 A single mRNA often contains more than one coding region (polycistronic)多顺反子的