上海交通大学：《微生物学 Microbiology》课程教学资源（双语课件）Lecture 2 An Overview of Microbial Life

上游充通大粤 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Lecture 2 An Overview of Microbial Life Chapter 2 in BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS Chen Feng School of Life Science and Technology noio16n0noey三 http://micro.sjtu.edu.cn

Lecture 2 An Overview of Microbial Life Chen Feng School of Life Science and Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University http://micro.sjtu.edu.cn Chapter 2 in BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS

上游充通大￥ Shanghai Jiao Tong University I.Cell Structure and Evolutionary History Most of the microbial cells are prokaryotic cells 细胞 Some microorganisms have eukaryotic cell structure 真核细胞 Some microorganisms are non-cellular life forms 胞生物 Chen Feng,Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Shanghai Jiao Tong University Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University I. Cell Structure and Evolutionary History Most of the microbial cells are prokaryotic cells原核 细胞 Some microorganisms have eukaryotic cell structure 真核细胞 Some microorganisms are non-cellular life forms非细 胞生物

上游充通大￥ Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2.1 Elements of Cell and Viral Structures Cytoplasm Nucleoid Cell wall Cytoplasmic membrane Internal structure of microbial cells.Prokaryote cells lack a true nucleus and organelles原核细胞无真正的细胞核及细胞器

Shanghai Jiao Tong University Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2.1 Elements of Cell and Viral Structures Internal structure of microbial cells. Prokaryote cells lack a true nucleus and organelles原核细胞无真正的细胞核及细胞器

Eukaryotic cells真核 Algae藻类 Cytoplasmic membrane Fungi真菌 Ribosomes Molds丝状真菌 Yeasts Nucleus Protozoa原生生物 Nucleolus Nuclear membrane Cytoplasm Mitochondrion Eukaryote cell possesses a true nucleus and organelles 真核生物具有细胞核及细胞器

Eukaryote cell possesses a true nucleus and organelles 真核生物具有细胞核及细胞器 Eukaryotic cells真核 Algae藻类 Fungi真菌 Molds丝状真菌 Yeasts Protozoa原生生物

上浒充通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Non-cellular life forms:virus病毒 A single virus particle is about 65nm in diameter. Chen Feng,Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Shanghai Jiao Tong University Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Non-cellular life forms: virus 病毒 A single virus particle is about 65nm in diameter

上岸充通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2.2 Arrangement of DNA in Microbial Cells:Bacterial Nucleoid Nucleoid aggregated DNA /bacterial chromosome in the prokaryotic cell类核：用于描述原核细胞中 聚集在一起的DNA Membrane. Wall DNA Chen Feng,Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Shanghai Jiao Tong University Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Nucleoid : aggregated DNA /bacterial chromosome in the prokaryotic cell 类核：用于描述原核细胞中 聚集在一起的DNA 2.2 Arrangement of DNA in Microbial Cells: Bacterial Nucleoid

(Arrows point to edge of strands). 0 By gently lysing the cells,the highly compacted nucleoid will emerge intact.采用极轻微小心的细胞 裂解方法，就可以得到一团完整展开的类核DNA

By gently lysing the cells, the highly compacted nucleoid will emerge intact. 采用极轻微小心的细胞 裂解方法，就可以得到一团完整展开的类核DNA。 (Arrows point to edge of strands)

上游充通大￥ Shanghai Jiao Tong University 国 Bacteria contain one long circular DNA- chromosome.细菌的类核包含一条环状的DNA (染色体) The DNA can be 1mm long ©The cell is usually2-3μm long Membrane Wall DNA Chen Feng,Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Shanghai Jiao Tong University Chen Feng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Bacteria contain one long circular DNA￾chromosome. 细菌的类核包含一条环状的DNA (染色体) The DNA can be 1mm long The cell is usually 2-3m long

Open circle Supercoiled The DNA in both the open circle and supercoiled chromosome is present in a covalently closed form.超螺旋

The DNA in both the open circle and supercoiled chromosome is present in a covalently closed form. 超螺旋

Proteins Supercoiled domain AAUAA The double-stranded DNA in E.coli chromosome contains over 50 supercoiled domains.超螺旋域

The double-stranded DNA in E. coli chromosome contains over 50 supercoiled domains.超螺旋域