同济大学：《人体解剖学 Human anatomy》课程电子教案（PPT课件）The Spinal Cord

The Spinal Cord Yu-Qiang Ding,MD,Ph.D Department of anatomy and neurobiology E-mail:dingyuqiang@vip.163.com

The Spinal Cord Yu-Qiang Ding, MD, Ph.D Department of anatomy and neurobiology E-mail: dingyuqiang@vip.163.com

Contents 1.The location and external structures of the spinal cord 2.The internal structures of the spinal cord 口 gray matter ▣white matter 3.The functions of the spinal cord

Contents : 1. The location and external structures of the spinal cord 2. The internal structures of the spinal cord  gray matter  white matter 3. The functions of the spinal cord

Ventral view

Ventral view

Location and external structures Verebre Cas ▣ Located in vertebral Nerf spinal Ct、 Ver的reC口ax canal,occupies the upper 2/3 of the canal ertebre T12 Extends from the medulla at the level of foramen magnum to the inferior Ned spinal LI margin of L1 in adults (L3 Nerf spinal L5- Nerf femoral in new-borns) Flum terminal ineme (pare piale) Norf spina5

 Located in vertebral canal, occupies the upper 2/3 of the canal Extends from the medulla at the level of foramen magnum to the inferior margin of L1 in adults (L3 in new- borns) Location and external structures

Why is the spinal cord shorter than the vertebral column? Different growth rates of spinal cord and vertebrae during embryonic development. At birth L3 In adult L1 Clinical Note: Place of taking cerebrospinal fluid

Why is the spinal cord shorter than the vertebral column? Different growth rates of spinal cord and vertebrae during embryonic development. At birth = L3 In adult = L1 Clinical Note: Place of taking cerebrospinal fluid

How to divide segments? Anterior View C2 Anterior roct(AR Posterior View C2 Posterioroo(Pp用 C3A Aradhnoid Ca PR Arachnoid CA AR C4PR AR The spinal segment refers to a region a pair of spinal nerves arises (cervical=8;thoracic=12;lumbar=5;sacral=5;Coccygeal=1)

How to divide segments? (cervical=8; thoracic=12; lumbar=5; sacral=5; Coccygeal=1) The spinal segment refers to a region a pair of spinal nerves arises

Each spinal segment has the dominant area Cervical-neck,shoulder,outer arms,hand Thoracic-inner arm,chest, abdomen Lumbar-front of leg and foot Sacral-back of leg and foot (dermatomes) Clinical Note: For determination the level of extradural anesthesia

Each spinal segment has the dominant area (dermatomes) Cervical- neck, shoulder, outer arms, hand Thoracic- inner arm, chest, abdomen Lumbar- front of leg and foot Sacral- back of leg and foot Clinical Note: For determination the level of extradural anesthesia

The relationship between the segments of spinal cord and vertebral bodies Spinal Cord Vertebral Bodies C1-4 C1-4 C5-T4 C4-T3 T5-8 T3-6 T9~12 T6-9 L15 T10-12 S15,C0 L1

Spinal Cord Vertebral Bodies C1-4 C1-4 C5-T4 C4-T3 T5~8 T3-6 T9~12 T6-9 L1~5 T10 -12 S1~5, Co L1 The relationship between the segments of spinal cord and vertebral bodies

Two enlargements Spinal cord Cervical enlargement Cervical (C4-T1) Lumbosacral enlargement (L2-S3) umb3 Lumba Spinal narves

Two enlargements Cervical enlargement (C4-T1) Lumbosacral enlargement (L2-S3)

Why do we have two enlargements in Cervical cord Cervical the spinal cord? Thoracic cord The increased numbers of Thoracic motor and sensory neurons to provide the origins of the nerves of upper and lower extremities. ord Lumba Spinal nerves

Why do we have two enlargements in the spinal cord? The increased numbers of motor and sensory neurons to provide the origins of the nerves of upper and lower extremities