同济大学：《人体解剖学 Human anatomy》课程电子教案（PPT课件）Mediastinum

Mediastinum

Mediastinum

Outline >superior mediastinum >inferior mediastinum 1st rib Mediastinum Sternal Superior ---anterior mediastinum Inferior: angle Anterior T4 ---middle mediastinum 50 Middle Posterior ---posterior mediastinum Diaphragm Lateral view FIGURE 1.23. Subdivisions of mediastinum

Outline ➢superior mediastinum ➢inferior mediastinum ---anterior mediastinum ---middle mediastinum ---posterior mediastinum

Mediastinum 1st rib Mediastinum ☐Superior Sternal angle Inferior: Anterior ▣Middle ▣Posterior superior mediastinum inferior mediastinum Diaphragm ---anterior mediastinum Lateral view ---middle mediastinum FIGURE 1.23. Subdivisions of mediastinum. ---posterior mediastinum

Mediastinum ◼superior mediastinum ◼inferior mediastinum ---anterior mediastinum ---middle mediastinum ---posterior mediastinum

superior mediastinum Contains: ◆The thymas Great vessels related to the heart and pericardium: Right and left brachiocephalic veins Superior vena cava Aorta and its three branches---brachiocephalic trunk ---left common carotid artery ---left subclavian artery Right and left phrenic and vagus nerves Left recurrent laryngeal nerves ◆Trachea ◆Esophagus ◆Thoracic duct

superior mediastinum Contains: ◆The thymas ◆Great vessels related to the heart and pericardium: • Right and left brachiocephalic veins • Superior vena cava • Aorta and its three branches---brachiocephalic trunk ---left common carotid artery ---left subclavian artery ◆ Right and left phrenic and vagus nerves ◆ Left recurrent laryngeal nerves ◆ Trachea ◆ Esophagus ◆ Thoracic duct

1st layer ◆Thymus ◆superior vena cava brachiocephalic veins Vagus ner Phrenic nerve Left Subclavian vein brachiocephalic Right vein brachiocephalic Vagus nerve vein crossing aortic arch Superior vena cava Phrenic nerves

◆Thymus ◆ superior vena cava ◆ brachiocephalic veins 1st layer

2nd layer Aorta and its three branches---brachiocephalic trunk ---left common carotid artery ---left subclavian artery Right and left phrenic and vagus nerves Left recurrent laryngeal nerves Vagus nerve Recurrent laryngeal nerves Recurrent laryngeal nerves Phrenic nerve Righ Lett vagus Left Subclavian vein brachiocephalic vein Right brachiocephalic Vagus nerve 白ophagus with plexus vein crossing aortic arch Figure 1.41.Right and f vagus.nerve branches,and their relations to trachea and esophagus Superior vena cava Phrenic nerves

2nd layer ◆Aorta and its three branches---brachiocephalic trunk ---left common carotid artery ---left subclavian artery ◆ Right and left phrenic and vagus nerves ◆ Left recurrent laryngeal nerves

3rd layer ◆Trachea ◆Esophagus Lymoh node ◆Thoracic duct Ricit nhteruc ne时网 Esophagus hrch过 Trachea Thoracic Duct

Thoracic Duct Esophagus Trachea 3rd layer ◆ Trachea ◆ Esophagus ◆ Thoracic duct

superior mediastinum summary 1 gland thymas 2 vessels superior vena cava and its tributaries,aorta and its three branches 3 nerves phrenic and vagus nerves,left recurrent laryngeal nerves 3 ducts trachea,esophagus,thoracic duct Vagus nerve Recurrent laryngeal nerves Phrenic nerve Left brachiocephalic Right vein brachiocephalic Vagus nerve vein crossing aortic arch Superior vena cava Phrenic nerves

1 gland： thymas 2 vessels：superior vena cava and its tributaries, aorta and its three branches 3 nerves：phrenic and vagus nerves,left recurrent laryngeal nerves 3 ducts： trachea , esophagus, thoracic duct superior mediastinum summary

middle mediastinum Contains: ◆Pericardium ◆Heart ◆Ascending aorta ◆Pulmonary trunk ◆Superior vena cava ◆Arch of azygos vein ◆Main bronchi 1 st rib、 A Mediastinum Sternal ☐Superior angle Inferior: ▣Anterio Middle Posterior Diaphragm T12 Lateral view 1 Subdivisions of mediastinum

middle mediastinum Contains: ◆Pericardium ◆Heart ◆Ascending aorta ◆ Pulmonary trunk ◆ Superior vena cava ◆Arch of azygos vein ◆Main bronchi

Pericardium Fibrous pericardium Attached to central tendon of diaphragm inferiorly Blends with outer coat of great vessels superiorly HEART Serous pericardium Visceral pericardium (epicardium) Parietal pericardium Pericardial cavity Potential space between visceral and parietal pericardium Contains film of pericardium fluid

Pericardium Fibrous pericardium • Attached to central tendon of diaphragm inferiorly • Blends with outer coat of great vessels superiorly Serous pericardium • Visceral pericardium (epicardium) • Parietal pericardium Pericardial cavity • Potential space between visceral and parietal pericardium • Contains film of pericardium fluid