《耕作学》课程教学资源（PPT课件）第十章 双语教学 The Evolvemental history, present state and Perspective of Farming system

The Evolvemental history,present state and Perspectiveof Farming Systemfabricator:zhangwei12/27/2006

1 The Evolvemental history, present state and Perspective of Farming system • fabricator：zhangwei 12/27/2006

New words搁荒耕作制Shifting farming休闲耕作制Fallow farming草田耕作制Grassland farming常年耕作制Pemanentfarming集约耕作制Intensivefarming

2 New words Shifting farming 撂荒耕作制 Fallow farming 休闲耕作制 Grassland farming 草田耕作制 Pemanent farming 常年耕作制 Intensive farming 集约耕作制

Chapter one. the historicalEvolvement and Perspective ofFarming system

3 Chapter one. the historical Evolvement and Perspective of Farming system

One.Thehistorical EvolvementofFarmingsystemUntil nowadays,there is still no unifiedstandard for the developmental stage ofthe farming system.In the past,Japanesedemarkedthesystemintofallow farming system,shifting farmingsystem,alternation of culturesystemandfreesystem

4 One. The historical Evolvement of Farming system Until nowadays, there is still no unified standard for the developmental stage of the farming system. In the past, Japanese demarked the system into fallow farming system, shifting farming system, alternation of culture system and free system

However,the writersof 《Thehistory ofagriculture in Occident》 demarked thesystem into six stages as follows:1.natural agricultural stage,2.fallowsystemstage,3.the alternation of culture stage of peafamily,4.the agricultural stage of glassland,5.alternation of culture stage of science6.specialandintensiveagricultural stage

5 However, the writers of《The history of agriculture in Occident》demarked the system into six stages as follows: 1.natural agricultural stage, 2.fallow system stage, 3.the alternation of culture stage of pea family， 4.the agricultural stage of glassland, 5.alternation of culture stage of science 6.special and intensive agricultural stage

At the same time,United Nations FoodandAgriculturalOrganization demarkedthefarming system into threetypes:1.naturalfallowfarmingsystem2.glasslandfarmingsystem,3.permannetfarming system.Thenaturalfarmingsystemisincludefallow farming system and shiftingfarmingsystem

6 At the same time, United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization demarked the farming system into three types: 1.natural fallow farming system, 2. glassland farming system, 3.permannet farming system. The natural farming system is include fallow farming system and shifting farming system

FirstShiftingfarmingThe main speciality of the shiftingfarmingisslashandburnandalternational rest system.Only waytoresume soil fertilityis depending thenature,therefore,thesystem hasthegreat damaging to the natural vegetationThe shifting time isabout 20-30yearsand the durable yearsisabout 3-8 years.Theshiftingtimeisvery long!!!

7 First Shifting farming The main speciality of the shifting farming is slash and burn and alternational rest system. Only way to resume soil fertility is depending the nature, therefore, the system has the great damaging to the natural vegetation. The shifting time is about 20-30 years and the durable years is about 3-8 years. The shifting time is very long!!!

Nowadays, there are still 2hundredmillionpeople intheworld using the shifting farmingthey mainly distributed in Africa,SorthAmerica,SorthAsia,FarEastof RussiaandtheremoteareaofSouthChina

8 Nowadays, there are still 2 hundred million people in the world using the shifting farming, they mainly distributed in Africa, Sorth America, Sorth Asia, Far East of Russia and the remote area of South China

Second FallowfarmingWiththefast developmentof humansocietyandtherapidgrowthofpopulationhuman being need more usingratio forthesoil. Then, they found that if plough soiland burying vegetableinto soil,the yieldwould raise.Then the fallow time wouldcompressedinto 1-2years.This is thebeginning of artificial curing soil

9 Second Fallow farming With the fast development of human society and the rapid growth of population, human being need more using ratio for the soil. Then, they found that if plough soil and burying vegetable into soil, the yield would raise. Then the fallow time would compressed into 1-2 years. This is the beginning of artificial curing soil

The fallow farming in China wasbegunat Spring andAutumnPeriod.The time whenthe systemwas began popular in occident ismiddle century, but the soil usingratio of the system is low,thecuring soil effect is small and theyield is not high.10

10 The fallow farming in China was begun at Spring and Autumn Period. The time when the system was began popular in occident is middle century, but the soil using ratio of the system is low, the curing soil effect is small and the yield is not high