《全球变化科学》课程教学资源（讲义）10 Management and restoration of degraded rivers - Challenges - practical aspects and follow-up methodologies

WuhanUniversityofTechnologyDepartmentofSpatialInformationandPlanningSchoolofResourcesandEnvironmentEngineeringManagement and restoration of degraded rivers: Challenges;practical aspects and follow-up methodologiesGabrielaAdinaMOROSANU-MITOSERIUInstituteofGeographyoftheRomanianAcademy,Romaniagabriela.adina.m@gmail.com

Management and restoration of degraded rivers: Challenges; practical aspects and follow-up methodologies 1 Gabriela Adina MOROȘANU-MITOȘERIU gabriela.adina.m@gmail.com Institute of Geography of the Romanian Academy, Romania Wuhan University of Technology Department of Spatial Information and Planning School of Resources and Environment Engineering

I.Evolution of the restoration of riversl:Ancientpractices2:XVIl-XIXcentury3:XXcentury4:After2000

2 1: Ancient practices 2: XVII - XIX century 3: XX century 4: After 2000

What does the ecological restoration bring us?floodbiodiversityattenuationsoilorganiccarbondenitrificationPOM storagesedimentstoragehabitatSchematic illustration of the eco-hydrologicalfoodfunctionsofafluvial corridorsupplysubsurface(Wohletal.,2021)waterstorage

3 What does the ecological restoration bring us? Schematic illustration of the eco-hydrological functions of a fluvial corridor (Wohl et al., 2021)

I.Understandingthedegradedrivers:causes,impacts,remediation1.Physicalchanges:RivieresJIU69.4mCommunesPODARIElevation (m)VillesHigh:250River straighteningoCRAIOVALow:23S.H.PODARRandrectificationMALUMAREoDamsandsluicesPODARSHPodaSitnTranchaedatani☆DiguedoSandandgravelextraction+++- Vois ferbRoutes communalesdigue(terrainaaricole)RoutenationaPlaine alluviale protegbe par la digue (espace residencief et industriel)

4 1. Physical changes: o River straightening and rectification o Dams and sluices o Sand and gravel extraction

I.Understandingthedegradedrivers:causes,impacts,remediationPollution:2.IndustrialandurbandebrisAgriculturalpollutionJiuRiver,upstreamCraiova city(SWRomania)Ecologization campaignwithgeographystudents,18May2024

5 2. Pollution : o Industrial and urban debris o Agricultural pollution Jiu River, upstream Craiova city (SW Romania) Ecologization campaign with geography students, 18 May 2024

I.Understandingthedegradedrivers:causes,impacts,remediation3.Landuse changes:DeforestationUrbanisation。Drainage of humid zones

6 3. Land use changes: o Deforestation o Urbanisation o Drainage of humid zones

I.Understandingthedegradedrivers:causes,impacts,remediationClimatechanges4.。Hydrological regimechangersExtremeevents1200Daily liquiddischargeat Podarig.s.1000(1980-2016)800(s/o60820DaysInondationshistoriquesdanslenord-ouestdelaRoumanie.Frequenceélevee des cruesau coursdu Petit AgeGlaciaire(bonne correspondanceentrelescrueshistoriquementrapporteesetlesreconstitutionsbaseessurlesinvestigationsmorphologiquesetsedimentaireslelongdelariviereSomesul Mic) (Persoiuet al., 2017)7900950 1000 1050 1100 1150-1200 1250 1300 1350:1400 1450 1500 1550-1600 1650.1700-.1750 1800 1850 1900BAL

7 4. Climate changes o Extreme events o Hydrological regime changers Inondations historiques dans le nord-ouest de la Roumanie. Fréquence élevée des crues au cours du Petit Âge Glaciaire (bonne correspondance entre les crues historiquement rapportées et les reconstitutions basées sur les investigations morphologiques et sédimentaires le long de la rivière Someșul Mic) (Persoiu et al., 2017)

I.Understandingthedegradedrivers:causes,impacts,remediation1.Biodiversityloss:oHabitatDegradationoFishmigrationbarriers

8 1. Biodiversity loss: o Habitat Degradation o Fish migration barriers

ll.Riverrestorationmeasures,projectsandinclusionintherivermanagementplansEcosystemPressuresEcosystemServicesUrbanisationWater supplyRiver restoration refers to a large range of ecologicalPoint source pollutionFlood water&carbon storagephysical,spatial andmanagement measuresandpractices. These aim to restore the natural state andWaterabstractionBiodiversityfunctioning ofthefluvial systemto supportbiodiversity,Diffuse pollutionRecreationfloodrecreation,managementandlandscapedevelopmentRawmaterial&foodsupplyChannelisationSource:https://www.therrc.co.uk/why-restore

9 River restoration refers to a large range of ecological, physical, spatial and management measures and practices. These aim to restore the natural state and functioning of the fluvial system to support biodiversity, recreation, flood management and landscape development Source: https://www.therrc.co.uk/why-restore

ll.Riverrestorationmeasures,projectsandinclusionintherivermanagementplans1.Habitatrestauration:Riversremeandering。Humidzonesrehabilitation

10 1. Habitat restauration: o Rivers remeandering o Humid zones rehabilitation