《全球变化科学》课程教学资源（讲义）01 Introducion of IRBM

司UNIYERUCHARESustainable Approaches toIntegrated River BasinManagementGabrielaAdinaMOROSANU-MITOSERIUScientificResearcher-Instituteof GeographyoftheRomanianAcademy,RomaniaAssistantProfessor-FacultyofGeography,UniversityofBucharestgabriela.adina.m@gmail.com8Nov.2024WuhanUniversityofTechnologyDepartmentofSpatialInformationandPlanningSchoolofResourcesandEnvironmentEngineering

Sustainable Approaches to Integrated River Basin Management Gabriela Adina MOROȘANU-MITOȘERIU Scientific Researcher - Institute of Geography of the Romanian Academy, Romania Assistant Professor – Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest gabriela.adina.m@gmail.com 8 Nov. 2024 Wuhan University of Technology Department of Spatial Information and Planning School of Resources and Environment Engineering

WheredoIcomefrom?Whatismybackground?RomaniaBucharestTheInstituteofGeographyof theRomanianAcademyconducts integrated research inGeomorphology,Hydrology,Biogeography,Climatology,GIS,HumanGeography,andEnvironmentalGeography,focusingontheinteractionsbetweenthephysicalandbioticenvironment(e.g.,relief,water,soil,vegetation,fauna)andthesocio-economicmilieu,particularly in the context of global environmental change. It specializes in man-environment relations,includingGiS-based studies of natural hazards,communityvulnerability to extreme events, and river-sediment dynamics in Romanian river basins.TheInstituteparticipates innational and international projects,including thosefundedbythe RomanianAcademyand EU programs,focusing on areas like environmentalatlases,http://www.geoinst.rohydrologicalextremeevents,sustainabledevelopment,andnaturalprotectedareas

Where do I come from? What is my background? Bucharest The Institute of Geography of the Romanian Academy conducts integrated research in Geomorphology, Hydrology, Biogeography, Climatology, GIS, Human Geography, and Environmental Geography, focusing on the interactions between the physical and biotic environment (e.g., relief, water, soil, vegetation, fauna) and the socio-economic milieu, particularly in the context of global environmental change. It specializes in man￾environment relations, including GIS-based studies of natural hazards, community vulnerability to extreme events, and river-sediment dynamics in Romanian river basins. The Institute participates in national and international projects, including those funded by the Romanian Academy and EU programs, focusing on areas like environmental atlases, http://www.geoinst.ro hydrological extreme events, sustainable development, and natural protected areas

WheredoIcomefrom?What ismybackground?EducationYearFaculty/department-University/institution-Country2019 (PhD dissertationPh.D.on Hydro-sedimentary dynamics of the Jiu RiverBasin.Systemicand multi-defended)scaleapproach,joint thesis-University ofBucharest,Faculty ofGeography&GrenobleAlps University,Institute of Environmental Geosciences2015 (masterClimatologyWaterResources.MasterMasteronandthesisdefended)Hydromorphological state of Cosustea River. Comparative study using Oualphyand Teleos methods,Faculty of Geography,University of Bucharest, Romania2013(graduation)Faculty of Geography,University of Bucharest, Romania (Geography)River hydrology,fine sediments sources and processes,UniversityofBucharest,RomaniaResearchslope-riverbed connectivity,riverrestoration,sustainableinterestsriver basin management,hydrological education,miningimpactonriver basinsandwater resources,extremehydrologicaleventsAffiliationsEGEAAlumni-EuropeanGeographyAssociationforstudentsandyoungresearchers-www.egea.eu2.IAHS-InternationalAssociationofHydrologicalSciences-https:/iahs.infol3EducationforSustainableDevelopment(ESD)oftheCarpathianConvention Implementation Committee(CCiC)-CarpathianESDNetwork-http://www.carpathianconvention.orgIGU-CommissionforWatersustainability&YoungandEarty-CareerGeographersCommission5.IGU-YECG(YoungandEarlyCareerGeographersTaskforceofIGU).-https:/liguvecg.orglGrenobleAlpsUniversity,France6.IGUYECG-GeoSus(GeographyandSustainability)WorkinggroupofIGU7.RomanianGeographySociety8.SAWIS-ScientificAssociationforWaterInformationCwis.org

Where do I come from? What is my background? Year Faculty/department - University/institution - Country 2019 (PhD dissertation defended) Ph.D. on Hydro-sedimentary dynamics of the Jiu River Basin. Systemic and multi￾scale approach, joint thesis - University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geography & Grenoble Alps University, Institute of Environmental Geosciences 2015 (master defended) Master on Climatology and Water Resources. Master thesis - Hydromorphological state of Coșuștea River. Comparative study using Qualphy and Téléos methods, Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, Romania 2013 (graduation) Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, Romania (Geography) • Education University of Bucharest, Romania Grenoble Alps University, France • Research interests River hydrology, fine sediments sources and processes, slope – riverbed connectivity, river restoration, sustainable river basin management, hydrological education, mining impact on river basins and water resources, extreme hydrological events • Affiliations 1. EGEAAlumni– European GeographyAssociation for students and young researchers – www.egea.eu. 2. IAHS – International Association of Hydrological Sciences - https://iahs.info/ 3. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD)” of the Carpathian Convention Implementation Committee (CCIC) - Carpathian ESD Network - http://www.carpathianconvention.org/ 4. IGU - Commission for Water sustainability &Young and Early-Career Geographers Commission 5. IGU – YECG (Young and Early Career Geographers Taskforce of IGU). - https://iguyecg.org/ 6. IGU YECG – GeoSus (Geography and Sustainability) Working group of IGU 7. Romanian Geography Society 8. SAWIS – Scientific Association for Water Information Systems - www.sawis.org

CoursecontentDay1:IntroductiontotheCourseandOverviewofKeyScientificIssues inHydrology:MyResearchFocusDay2:Integrated RiverBasin ManagementandSustainableDevelopmentGoals relativeto waterresources conservationDay3:ComplexCharacterizationof theDanubeRiverBasin:A ComparativeAnalysisof RegulatoryFrameworksand BasinManagementChallengeswiththeYangtzeRiverDay 4:RiverRestorationConceptsandMethods:VirtualtripsthroughcasestudiesfromRomania

Course content Day 1: Introduction to the Course and Overview of Key Scientific Issues in Hydrology: My Research Focus Day 2: Integrated River Basin Management and Sustainable Development Goals relative to water resources conservation Day 3: Complex Characterization of the Danube River Basin: A Comparative Analysis of Regulatory Frameworks and Basin Management Challenges with the Yangtze River Day 4: River Restoration Concepts and Methods: Virtual trips through case studies from Romania

Brief intro to ourcourse topics“"Arivercutsthroughrock,notbecauseofitspower,butbecauseofitspersistenceJimWatkins

Brief intro to our course topics “A river cuts through rock, not because of its power, but because of its persistence” Jim Watkins

Watershed/riverbasin,hillslope,discharge,riverbasinSome termsmanagement,sediments,alluvialbudget,runoff/sedimentsourcesflood(ing),sustainabledevelopment,riverecology,river restoration,aquatichabitat,connectivityeeeeTimeSayama and McDonnell, 2009 WRRTime

Some terms Watershed/ river basin, hillslope, discharge, river basin management, sediments, alluvial budget, runoff/ sediment sources, flood(ing), sustainable development, river ecology, river restoration, aquatic habitat, connectivity ? Sayama and McDonnell, 2009 WRR

RolesofaRiverAdvocating for Hydrological educationSome key aspects1.CriticalRoleofRivers inEcosystemHealthandHumanSurvivalWaterSupplyRivers arethe lifebloodof ecosystems andhuman societies.Theyprovidefresh waterfor drinking,agriculture, industry,and energy production. Understanding how riversandtheirbasinsworkallows ustoprotectthesecritical resources,evenwhenfacedBiodiversitywithcomplexchallenges likeclimatechange,populationgrowth, and pollution.If wevaluewaterandecosystemsenough,wearecompelledtoact,evenwhenthepathisdifficult,becausetheconsequencesofinactionaretoohigh.ad.Sourc2.Hydrological ComplexityRequires Informed ManagementRiversandtheirbasinsarecomplexsystemsinfluencedbyavarietyofhydrological,ecological,andhumanfactors.Adeep understandingofthesesystems-howwatermoves through landscapes,how sedimentation occurs,how floods and droughtsHydroimpactcommunities-isnecessarytoimplementsustainablemanagementstrategies.Without such knowledge,managing thequality and quantityof water can becomereactiverather than proactive. By investingin hydrological education,we can faceFlood Contrthesecomplexitieshead-onandadaptmanagementstrategies,nomatterhowtoughthechallengemayseem.https://earthhow.com/river-roles/

Advocating for Hydrological education. Some key aspects 1. Critical Role of Rivers in Ecosystem Health and Human Survival Rivers are the lifeblood of ecosystems and human societies. They provide fresh water for drinking, agriculture, industry, and energy production. Understanding how rivers and their basins work allows us to protect these critical resources, even when faced with complex challenges like climate change, population growth, and pollution. If we value water and ecosystems enough, we are compelled to act, even when the path is difficult, because the consequences of inaction are too high. 2. Hydrological Complexity Requires Informed Management Rivers and their basins are complex systems influenced by a variety of hydrological, ecological, and human factors. A deep understanding of these systems—how water moves through landscapes, how sedimentation occurs, how floods and droughts impact communities—is necessary to implement sustainable management strategies. Without such knowledge, managing the quality and quantity of water can become reactive rather than proactive. By investing in hydrological education, we can face these complexities head-on and adapt management strategies, no matter how tough the challenge may seem. https://earthhow.com/river-roles/

Advocating for Hydrological education. Some key aspects3.ClimateChangeandExtremeWeatherEventsClimate change is altering precipitation patterns, increasing the frequency and severity of floods and droughts.Understandingthe dynamics of riverbasins-including theinteractionsbetween land,water,and climate-is essential foradapting to thesechanges.Effectivemanagementof river systems in thefaceof climate uncertaintyrequires precise,science-basedknowledgeEvenwhentheoddsarestackedagainstus,theimportanceofsafeguardingwaterresourcesforfuturegenerationsdrivestheneedtoadaptandimplementsustainablemanagementpractices.RiseinmeanChanges in water cycleChangesinfrequencyofWidespreadmeltingofsea levelsnowandiceaxremeweatnereventwww.waterconservation.hk4.TransboundaryWaterIssuesandInternationalCooperationMany rivers,such as the Danube, the Nile, Mekong or Parana Rivers,flow throughmultiple countries, making basin management a cross-border issue. Understandingthepolitical,legal,and ecologicaldynamicsof sharedriver systems iscriticaltopreventingconflictsandpromotingcooperation.Insuchcases,scientificeducationprovidesthetoolsneeded for diplomats,policymakers,and scientists to worktogether effectively.The importance of maintaining peace and cooperation overMapof international riverssharedwater resourcesmakes it essential tolearnand applysustainableDeribe et al., 2024managementpractices,despitethepolitical orlogistical challenges

Advocating for Hydrological education. Some key aspects 3. Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events Climate change is altering precipitation patterns, increasing the frequency and severity of floods and droughts. Understanding the dynamics of river basins—including the interactions between land, water, and climate—is essential for adapting to these changes. Effective management of river systems in the face of climate uncertainty requires precise, science-based knowledge. Even when the odds are stacked against us, the importance of safeguarding water resources for future generations drives the need to adapt and implement sustainable management practices. www.waterconservation.hk Map of international rivers Deribe et al., 2024 4. Transboundary Water Issues and International Cooperation Many rivers, such as the Danube, the Nile, Mekong or Parana Rivers, flow through multiple countries, making basin management a cross-border issue. Understanding the political, legal, and ecological dynamics of shared river systems is critical to preventing conflicts and promoting cooperation. In such cases, scientific education provides the tools needed for diplomats, policymakers, and scientists to work together effectively. The importance of maintaining peace and cooperation over shared water resources makes it essential to learn and apply sustainable management practices, despite the political or logistical challenges

Advocating for Hydrological education. Some key aspectsWater5.BalancingHumanNeedswithEcosystemPreservationThe use of rivers for agriculture, industry, and energy must be balancedwith the need topreserve ecosystems andbiodiversity.Hydrologicalrrigategeducationequipsuswiththeknowledgetomakethesetrade-offs inanHamidov&Helming,2020informed way.Whether it's managing groundwater recharge, controllingriver pollution, or mitigating the effects of dams, effective managementrequires a deep understanding of hydrological processes.Its crucial toAgricultuact-despite the difficulties-in order to ensure that future generationsFoodEnergyinherithealthy,functioningecosystems.Wateruse:Agriculture6.Long-TermSustainabilityofWaterResourcesand industryAs global populations grow and demand for water increases,learningWateruse:DrinkingAnimal,planthowtomanageriversandtheirbasinssustainablybecomesevenmoreandaquaticpressing.Over-extraction,pollution,and poor land-usepractices canhabitatdepletewaterresourcesanddamageecosystems in waysthat areoftenRiverTransportationirreversible.Hydrological education helps usunderstand these long-termsystemsSystemsimpacts,sowecanimplementsolutionsthatsecurewaterqualityandMineralquantity for future generations.When water is this vital to life, we mustextractionact,even when theobstacles toachieving sustainability seemFoodsourceRecreationoverwhelming.andtourimSrinivas,2016purposes

Advocating for Hydrological education. Some key aspects 5. Balancing Human Needs with Ecosystem Preservation The use of rivers for agriculture, industry, and energy must be balanced with the need to preserve ecosystems and biodiversity. Hydrological education equips us with the knowledge to make these trade-offs in an informed way. Whether it's managing groundwater recharge, controlling river pollution, or mitigating the effects of dams, effective management requires a deep understanding of hydrological processes. It’s crucial to act—despite the difficulties—in order to ensure that future generations inherit healthy, functioning ecosystems. 6. Long-Term Sustainability of Water Resources As global populations grow and demand for water increases, learning how to manage rivers and their basins sustainably becomes even more pressing. Over-extraction, pollution, and poor land-use practices can deplete water resources and damage ecosystems in ways that are often irreversible. Hydrological education helps us understand these long-term impacts, so we can implement solutions that secure water quality and quantity for future generations. When water is this vital to life, we must act, even when the obstacles to achieving sustainability seem overwhelming. Hamidov & Helming, 2020 Srinivas, 2016

Advocating for Hydrological education. Some key aspects7.TheHydro-SedimentaryDynamicsofRiverSystemsSedimenttransport,erosion,and deposition are crucial elementsof river dynamics that impact waterquality,habitat creation,andflood risks.Byunderstandingtheseprocesses,wecanmanagerivers inwaysthatreducesedimentation-relatedproblems likedamsiltationand riverbankerosion, ensuringlong-term river health.Thisknowledge is essentialfor creating strategies that improve both the resilience ofhumancommunities and ecosystems.Even whenfacing complex challenges like sedimentation in large rivers, the importance of preserving the river'snaturalflowandfunctiondemandsthatwepushforward.8.ImprovedResilienceAgainstEnvironmentalStressorsThe more we understand the hydrology of rivers and their basins, the better equipped we are to build resilience to environmental stressors,includingpollution,invasivespecies,andlanddegradation.Sustainablemanagementpracticesgrounded insoundhydrologicalknowledgemakeit possible to restoredegraded systems and protect waterresources for future generations.This understanding becomes crucial in times ofcrisis-suchasduringfloods,droughts,or contaminationeventsrequiring informed, science-basedresponses even whenimmediatesolutionsseem outofreach.9.Technological Innovation andAdaptiveManagementHydrologicaleducation also helps develop newtechnologies and innovative solutions formanaging river basins sustainably.Fromadvancedmodelingtechniquestoremote sensingtechnologies,understandingthedynamicsof rivers and basins opensthedoortosmartermanagementtoolsthatcanovercomechallenges likewaterscarcityandpollution.Theimportanceofadvancingthesetechnologiesmakesitessentialtopersist,evenwhenthetechnologicalandfinancial resourcesmaynotbe immediatelyavailable.1o.EthicalResponsibilitytoFutureGenerationsUltimately,hydrologicaleducation equips us with the tools to manage water resources in a way thatfulflls both present and future needs.Weare ethically responsible formanaging the planet's water resources in a sustainable way,ensuring thatfuture generations can thrive.This senseof responsibility drives action,even when theproblems seem insurmountable,because the consequences offailing to act arefar greaterthanthechallengesofaddressingthe

Advocating for Hydrological education. Some key aspects 7. The Hydro-Sedimentary Dynamics of River Systems Sediment transport, erosion, and deposition are crucial elements of river dynamics that impact water quality, habitat creation, and flood risks. By understanding these processes, we can manage rivers in ways that reduce sedimentation-related problems like dam siltation and riverbank erosion, ensuring long-term river health. This knowledge is essential for creating strategies that improve both the resilience of human communities and ecosystems. Even when facing complex challenges like sedimentation in large rivers, the importance of preserving the river's natural flow and function demands that we push forward. 8. Improved Resilience Against Environmental Stressors The more we understand the hydrology of rivers and their basins, the better equipped we are to build resilience to environmental stressors, including pollution, invasive species, and land degradation. Sustainable management practices grounded in sound hydrological knowledge make it possible to restore degraded systems and protect water resources for future generations. This understanding becomes crucial in times of crisis—such as during floods, droughts, or contamination events—requiring informed, science-based responses even when immediate solutions seem out of reach. 9. Technological Innovation and Adaptive Management Hydrological education also helps develop new technologies and innovative solutions for managing river basins sustainably. From advanced modeling techniques to remote sensing technologies, understanding the dynamics of rivers and basins opens the door to smarter management tools that can overcome challenges like water scarcity and pollution. The importance of advancing these technologies makes it essential to persist, even when the technological and financial resources may not be immediately available. 10. Ethical Responsibility to Future Generations Ultimately, hydrological education equips us with the tools to manage water resources in a way that fulfills both present and future needs. We are ethically responsible for managing the planet's water resources in a sustainable way, ensuring that future generations can thrive. This sense of responsibility drives action, even when the problems seem insurmountable, because the consequences of failing to act are far greater than the challenges of addressing them