《供应链管理》课程教学资源（课件讲稿）第七章 战略采购与战略供应商管理 7.2 自制与外包决策

7.2战略供应商管理11周7.2.1自制与外购决策Make and Outsourcing Strategies主讲王长琼武汉理工大学物流工程学院total16

11周 7.2 战略供应商管理 1 主讲 王长琼 武汉理工大学 物流工程学院 7.2.1 自制与外购决策 Make and Outsourcing Strategies total 16

自制与外购决策学习内容与目的：1. What is outsourcing?2. Outsourcing Benefits and Risks3.Framework forMake/Outsourcing Decisions2total16

自制与外购决策 学习内容与目的： 1. What is outsourcing? 2. Outsourcing Benefits and Risks 3. Framework for Make/ Outsourcing Decisions 2 total 16

1. What is outsourcing?Outsourcing：外购、外包，外部采购Outsourcing是SCM发展的基础cOutsourcing has been increased progressively overthe years> Companies outsourced everything...- Fashion Industry (Nike) (all manufacturing outsourced)- Electronics IndustryCisco, Apple (over70% of components outsourced)> Not Just Manufacturing but Product Design...3total16

1. What is outsourcing?  Outsourcing: 外购、外包，外部采购  Outsourcing是SCM发展的基础 Outsourcing has been increased progressively over the years  Companies outsourced everything. - Fashion Industry (Nike) (all manufacturing outsourced) - Electronics Industry Cisco, Apple (over 70% of components outsourced)  Not Just Manufacturing but Product Design. 3 total 16

Case:Boeing787DreamlinerBoeing787DreamlinerUSSelectedcomponentsandsystemsuppliersTail finKoreaWingtipsAustraliaMovableUStrailing edgeJapanAftfuselageItalyWingCentrefuselageCanada000ItalyEngineNacellesHorizontalstabilizerSwedenCargoaccessUSdoorsForwardfuselageJapanFuselageEranceUSUKEntryFixedandLanding geardoorsLKleadingEnginemovableedgeOutsourced70%50tier-1supplierstotal 16

Case： Boeing 787 Dreamliner total 16 4 • Outsourced 70% • 50 tier-1 suppliers

Comparison of Boeing's strategy for its 737 and787 programsComponent737Program787ProgramOutsource35-50%Outsourced70%Sourcing strategySupplier relationshipTraditional supplier relationshipStrategic partners with tier-1(purely contract based)suppliersSupplierresponsibilitiesDeveloped andproducedpartsforDeveloped and produced sectionsBoeingforBoeingNumberof suppliersThousandsApproximately 50tier-1 strategicpartnersSupply contractsFixed-price contracts with delayRisk-sharing contractspenaltyAssemblyoperations30daysforBoeingtoperformfinal3-dayassemblyof completeassemblysectionstotal165

Comparison of Boeing's strategy for its 737 and 787 programs total 16 5

A traditional supply chain for airplanemanufacturingSupplerSC structure for airplane mfgSuppleSupplerEoeingCustomersFintAssemblySuppieSuppierSupplerTier3:SupplierTier3SupplierTier 2:SystenpartnerTier 1:Tier3:SupplierPre-integrationBoeing:Tier 3:SupplierFinalAssemblyTier2:Tier3:SupplierStructurabartnerCUSTOMERSTier 3:Supplier6total10

SC structure for airplane mfg. total 16 6

2.Outsourcing Benefits and Risks外包的好处与风险Benefits·规模经济降低了制造成本.Economies of scale·风险分担－不确定性转移· Risk pooling·Reduce capital investment.·降低资本投资·Focus on core competency·集中于核心竞争力: Increased flexibility·灵活性增加OutsourcingRisks风险1) Loss of Competitive竞争性知识的损失Knowledge·目标冲突2) Conflicting Objectivestotal 16

2. Outsourcing Benefits and Risks 外包的好处与风险 • 规模经济降低了制造成本 • 风险分担－不确定性转移 • 降低资本投资 • 集中于核心竞争力 • 灵活性增加 7 Benefits • Economies of scale • Risk pooling • Reduce capital investment. • Focus on core competency • Increased flexibility Outsourcing Risks 1) Loss of Competitive Knowledge 2) Conflicting Objectives  风险 • 竞争性知识的损失 • 目标冲突 total 16

Case Boeing's 787 Dreamlinerissues·请课后阅读第一章未的案例，P17-19total 168

Case Boeing’s 787 Dreamliner issues total 16 8 • 请课后阅读第一章末的案例，P17-19

3.FrameworkforMake/OutsourcingDecisions（自制/外包决策框架）1）外包的动机-Dependency on capacity,获取生产能力-Dependencyonknowledge，获取知识技能·例如：Outsourcing Decisions example at ToyotaAbout30%ofcomponentsin-sourced(自制)Engines: 100% of engines are produced internallyTransmissions:outsourced 70 %.Vehicleelectronicsystems:outsourced100%

3. Framework for Make/Outsourcing Decisions (自制/外包决策框架) 9 1）外包的动机 – Dependency on capacity，获取生产能力 – Dependency on knowledge，获取知识技能 • 例如： Outsourcing Decisions example at Toyota total 16 • About 30% of components in-sourced(自制) • Engines: 100% of engines are produced internally •Transmissions: outsourced 70 % . • Vehicle electronic systems: outsourced 100 %

3.FrameworkforMake/OutsourcingDecisions2）dependsonProductArchitectures产品结构.Modularproduct-Made by combining different components- Components are independent of each other-Components are interchangeable- Standard interfaces are used-Customer preference determines the productconfiguration.模块化产品·由不同部件组成·部件相互独立、可交换使用·标准化接口·根据客户需求灵活配置total1610

3. Framework for Make/Outsourcing Decisions 10 2）depends on Product Architectures 产品结构 • Modular product – Made by combining different components – Components are independent of each other – Components are interchangeable – Standard interfaces are used – Customer preference determines the product configuration. • 模块化产品 • 由不同部件组成 • 部件相互独立、可交换使用 • 标准化接口 • 根据客户需求灵活配置 total 16