西北农林科技大学：《有机化学 Organic chemistry》课程教学课件（2009）Chapter 01 Structure And Bonding（主讲：王俊儒）

Section A Structure And Bonding ■AO Organic chemistry A1 Atomic structure of carbon A2 Covalent bonding and hybridization ■A3sp3 hybridization ■A4sp2 hybridization ■A5 sp hybridization A6 Bonds and hybridized centers

College of Science Section A Structure And Bonding „A0 Organic chemistry „A1 Atomic structure of carbon „A2 Covalent bonding and hybridization „A3 sp3 hybridization „A4 sp2 hybridization „A5 sp hybridization „A6 Bonds and hybridized centers

Key Notes ■Atomic Orbitals ■Covalent Bonds ■Sigma bonds Hybridization:Sp3 Sp2 Sp ■Aromatic rings ■Conjugated systems ■Carbonyl groups ■Nitrile Groups ■Reactivity

College Key Notes of Science „Atomic Orbitals „Covalent Bonds „Sigma bonds „Hybridization: Sp3 , Sp2 , Sp1 „Aromatic rings „Conjugated systems „Carbonyl groups „Nitrile Groups „Reactivity

A0 Organic Chemistry is. Organic Chemistry is

College A0 Organic Chemistry is…of Science „Organic Chemistry is…

A0 Organic Chemistry is. The science of carbon-containing compounds ■ The chemistry of the compounds of carbon "The chemistry of living things" 许多基本概念都是围绕碳的特性建立起来的

College A0 Organic Chemistry is…of Science „ The science of carbon-containing compounds „ The chemistry of the compounds of carbon „ “The chemistry of living things” 许多基本概念都是围绕碳的特性建立起来的

Organic Chemistry What:The study of carbon-containing compounds Why:Pervasive in nature普遍深入的 Chemical foundation of biology Improve standard of living(medicines,plastics,pesticides...) How:Examine structure and analyze how it governs reactivity

College of Science 普遍深入的

Learning Organic Chemistry >20 million organic compounds exist! Memorizing the structure,properties,and reactivities of each molecule will severely limit your abilities Organic chemistry is rational and systematic Goal: Learn tools to dissect and analyze organic chemistry that is unfamiliar Pay attention to detail!

College of Science >20

Unique property of carbon---Bond to one another in a virtually limitless number of arrangements Carbon C Atomic Weight 12.011 Melting Point 3823.2K Boiling Point 1st lonization Energy 1086.4 kJ/mol Density 2.266gcm3 Electron Configuration [He]2s22p2 Atomic Radius 77.2

College of Science Un ique property o f car bon---Bond to one another in a virtually limitless number of arrangements

Unique property of carbo Solid carbon structures Graphite Diamond “Buckybal' Soot 煤烟，烟灰 Harcourt Brace Company items and derived items copyright01998 by Harcourt Brace Company

College Unique property of carbonof Science 煤烟, 烟灰

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY PRIOR TO 1828 ORIGINALLY CHEMISTRY OF COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM PLANT AND ANIMAL (ORGANIC")SOURCES “CHEMISTRY OF LIFE

College of Science ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ( PRIOR TO 1828 ) ORIGINALLY : CHEMISTRY OF COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM PLANT AND ANIMAL (“ORGANIC”) SOURCES “CHEMISTRY OF LIFE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE

History... In 1770,Swedish chemist Torberm Bergman was the first to express the difference between "organic"and "inorganic"substances Organic---- derived from living organism Originally,Study of compounds extracted from living organisms and their natural products INORGANIC CHEMICALS were found primarily in the earth as mineral deposits,but could also be prepared by man

College History… of Science „In 1770, Swedish chemist Torberm Bergman was the first to express the difference between “organic” and “inorganic”substances Organic Organic ---- „ derived from living organism Originally, Study of compounds extracted from living organisms and their natural products INORGANIC CHEMICALS INORGANIC CHEMICALS were found primarily in the earth as mineral deposits, but could also be prepared by man