《线粒体生物学与医学》课程教学课件（Mitochondria Biology and Medicine）3 线粒体结构与功能 Mitochondrial Biology and medicine －Mt structure and function

Mitochondrial Biology and medicineMt structure and functionJiangangLong,PHDInstituteofMitochondrialBiology andMedicineSchoolofLifeScienceandTechnology,XJTU

Mitochondrial Biology and medicine －Mt structure and function Jiangang Long，PHD Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine School of Life Science and Technology, XJTU

Mitochondrial Structureand functionDiscoveryofmitochondria1.Intracellularsitellocationlvolume2.Mtstructure3.Mt structure1Mt originII.Mt DNAII.Mt function4.Metabolisminmitochondria1.Electrontransportationchain(ETC)2.beta oxidation3

Mitochondrial Structure and function 1. Discovery of mitochondria 2. Intracellular site\location\volume 3. Mt structure I. Mt structure II. Mt origin III. Mt DNA 4. Mt function 1. Metabolism in mitochondria 2. Electron transportation chain (ETC) 3. beta oxidation 2

In1894.mitochondriawerefirstdiscoveredMitochondrionGolgicomplexPeroxisomeNudeusPlasmamembraneEndoplasmicreticulum3Ribosomes

3 In 1894, mitochondria were first discovered

In1894.mitochondriawerefirstdiscoveredIn1897,officiallynamedas"Mitochondria

4 In 1897, officially named as “Mitochondria”. In 1894, mitochondria were first discovered

1894年，首次发现线粒体In1894,mitochondriawerefirstdiscovered1897，正式命名为mitochondria（线粒体）In 1897, officially named as“"Mitochondria".1963年，Nass车鸡旺中++友车DNAIn1963,Nassfouembryos.SchaONASchat1981年，测定mined.In1981.DNAsec1987年，Wallace捉出mtvNA尖可引起疾病In 1987, Wallace proposes that mtDNAmutations may causedisease1988年，首次报道mtDNA突变In1988,mtDNAmutationswerefirstreported.5

5 1963年，Nass在鸡胚中发现线粒体中存在DNA Schatz分离到完整的线粒体DNA 1981年，测定人mtDNA的DNA序列 1987年，Wallace提出mtDNA突变可引起疾病 1988年，首次报道mtDNA突变 1897，正式命名为mitochondria (线粒体) In 1897, officially named as “Mitochondria”. 1894年，首次发现线粒体 In 1894, mitochondria were first discovered. In 1963, Nass found DNA in mitochondria in chicken embryos. Schatz isolated the entire mitochondrial DNA In 1981, DNA sequence of human mtDNA was determined. In 1987, Wallace proposes that mtDNA mutations may cause disease. In 1988, mtDNA mutations were first reported

Intracellular site 1locationlvolumeCUUISCUnSMitochondrionInnerMembrane6

Intracellular site \ location\volume 6

1uMLiverCell Mitochondria7

Liver Cell Mitochondria 1 m M7

Cytoskeletal elements help mitosTo localize properlyPanel A shows chains of mitos in aMammalian cell-- a rhodamine dyespecific for mitos(A)Panel B shows the same cell thathas been stained for microtubulesThe mitos appear to be localizedalong the microtubules.(B)10μmFigure14-5.MolecularBiologyof theCell,4thEdition8

Cytoskeletal elements help mitos To localize properly. Panel A shows chains of mitos in a Mammalian cell- a rhodamine dye specific for mitos. Panel B shows the same cell that has been stained for microtubules. The mitos appear to be localized along the microtubules. 8

Table 1 shows the relative volumes that the majorintracellular organelles occupy. Anything surprise you?54%细胞质Cytosol22%线粒体Mitochondria9%内质网RoughERcisternae6%细胞核Nucleus1%过氧化物体Peroxisomes1%溶酶体Lysosomes1%内体Endosomes9

Table 1 shows the relative volumes that the major intracellular organelles occupy. Anything surprise you? 9 细胞质Cytosol 54% 线粒体Mitochondria 22% 内质网Rough ER cisternae 9% 细胞核Nucleus 6% 过氧化物体Peroxisomes 1% 溶酶体Lysosomes 1% 内体Endosomes 1%

NumberofMitochondriapercellMostsomaticcells100-10,0001000Lymphocyte: Oocytes100,000·SpermfewhundredNomitochondriainredcellsandsometerminally differentiated skincells10

Number of Mitochondria per cell • Most somatic cells 100-10,000 • Lymphocyte 1000 • Oocytes 100,000 • Sperm few hundred No mitochondria in red cells and some terminally differentiated skin cells 10