《多尺度生物传输》课程教学资源（讲稿）传质基本原理

ContentsIntroductionGoverning Equations for Mass transferModes of Mass TransferStationaryusionTransientConvection

◆ Introduction ◆ Governing Equations for Mass transfer ◆ Modes of Mass Transfer Diffusion Convection Contents Stationary Transient { {

IntroductionThree fundamental elements in the world: matterenergyinformationInformationcharacterizationcharacterizationMatterEnergy(Mass)E=mc2

Introduction Three fundamental elements in the world: _, _ , _. matter energy information Informa tion Energy Matter (Mass) E=mc2 characterization characterization

Introduction>Transport in the Mammalian SystemThermoregulationBloodas oxygen carrierMetabolic heat generation,Equilibrium ofoxygen in bloodevaporation,convection,andwith that in inhaled airradiation leading to steady-state.Tolerabletemperatureinanimals and plants.MetabolismDiffusiveoxygen transferinatissueEfectofincreasedmetabolicheatgenerationHeat generation and temperatureMembranesasbarriers toriseinamuscleduringexercisebulkflowDiffusiveand ionicflowthrough membrane channelsBioheattransferHeat transfer in a muscleUNincludingtheeffectsofbloodMembranetransportflowDialysistoremovewastefrombloodThermalcomfortConvective-conductiveheatLiquiddiffusionintissuetransferthroughclothingDrug delivery:intramtuscular vs.optimumtemperature&humidityintravenous injection of,e.g.energytransfer in contact lensinsulin.Diffusionof salinewaterfromveins.Diffusionofgastric juice in the stomachBurningSkin burning as a transientheattransferprocessMassTransfer

Introduction ➢Transport in the Mammalian System Mass Transfer

Introduction>Transport in the Plant SystemFrost damageTranspirationandRadiativeandconvectivePhotosynthesisfreezingincoldclearnightWatervaporandCOexchangethroughstomataNutrition/BioremediationSoluteand watertransportAerationforrespirationinto rootsbydiffusionandandgrowthconvectionDiffusionof oxygeninsidetherootand possibleanaerobicconditionsMassTransfer

Introduction ➢Transport in the Plant System Mass Transfer

IntroductionSilageBacierial growth in asilage>Transport in Industrial FoodBiochemical sepxarutionDiffusion of protein in a gelOhygen forgrowthMaximum possible oxygenand Biological Processinguptake by a microxcxganismFermentationComective oxygen transferfroma gasbubble to a cellBicfilmMasstransfer throughaGronsthofmicobesintasolidbiofilmDiffusion ofcellswithsimultaneousdivisjonFieecingFringtsste,fodoilBioprocessing,and consequent changes intheir propertiesTissue Culture,etc.SterilisationMass TransferThemmal sterilization offoodWiasteand biomatenialsTreatmentFresh,Frozen,andDnvingDiffusrve movement ofProcessedmoisture in a solidFoodRespirationCompostingHeat and mass transfer fromrespination in packaged fireshHeating in the interiorofaproducecompost pileControlledAomosphere storugeDiffusionfCo,orethyEqneifibrion moistharekene to control nipeningMoisture in air in equilibriumwith moisture in a solidackage designReducing mossture kos/gainthrough package bycontrolling diffusionInsuelationEiaporationInsulation fora food coldHeat andmass balance onastorage roomwet bulb themometer

Introduction ➢Transport in Industrial Food and Biological Processing Mass Transfer

Introduction>Transport in the Bioenviroment SystemSolar,atmosphericandearthsurjaceradiationOutdoorQuantityand spectraldistributionsGreenhouse effectRadiative exchange andtrapping of heatby theatmosphere.Global energybalance,temperature changeandCO,changeAirpollutionSalt balanceDispersion of pollutantsSalt balance in a fieldinairEvaporationSurfacewaterpollutionEvaporation intoDispersivemovement ofatmospheresurfacewaterpollutantsMass TransferMoistureconsenvationMulching to reducemoisture lossSolutetransportthroughSoilGroundwaterpollutionhard pan in a paddyfieldDispersive (in soil as porousPreferentialflowofsolutesmedia)movement of hazardousthrough the micropores of awasteinsoil (nitrogenmovement)paddy fieldGroundwaterSoilwater-pesticideGround freezingequilibriumDepthoffreezingcapillaryEquilibrium between dissolvedmoisture transport andand surface adsorbed pesticidefrost heaveCapillaryCapillary flow in unsaturatedsoil and its relation todiffusion

Introduction ➢Transport in the Bioenviroment System Mass Transfer

Introduction>Transport in the Bioenviroment SystemIndoorSolar heatingSolar heating of glassenclosureEnergyconservationHeat lossthroughadoublepanewindowRadiative exchangeHeatrejectionfortempcontrolof animal/humanPollutionMeanradicanttemperatureTransport of odors andmeanradianttemperatureairbornepollutantsforthermal comfort inhousing designMass Transfer

Introduction ➢Transport in the Bioenviroment System Mass Transfer

Introduction>TransferMassHeat(carrietheresConductionConvectionRadiation

Introduction ➢Transfer Mass Heat

Introduction>BiosystemeNeuralcellsFibroblastsSmoothmusclecellsBreastOsteoblastsEndotheliacellsSkeletonMeniscusmuscleBoneHeartBrainLung+文+508001000400100001400020000200Elstatic modulus (Pa)Increasing stiffness

Introduction ➢Biosystem

Introduction>Biosystem图片来源：视觉中国www.vog.Dom

Introduction ➢Biosystem