《汽车理论》课程教学资源（专业词汇）汽车理论英文词汇

中文英文1英文2动力性acceleration performancedynamicperformancefuel economy燃油经济性制动性brakingperformance操纵稳定性driving stabilityhandlingperformance平顺性ridecomfort通过性passing ability侧倾roll俯仰pitch横摆yaw前进forward侧向side垂直vertical结构参数structure parameters使用参数operationparameters评价指标evaluation index影响因素influence factor额定满载fullyrated load超载overload离合器clutch变速器gearbox传动轴propellershaft主减速器final drive半轴halfaxle驱动轮driving wheel从动轮driven wheel机械效率mechanicalefficiency驱动力tractiveforce发动机外特性external enginecharacteristic滚动阻力rollingresistance空气阻力airresistanceaerodynamic drag坡度阻力uphill grade resistanceslope resistance加速阻力acceleration resistance滚动阻力系数coefficient ofrollingresistant驻波standingwave子午线胎radial tire斜交胎bias tire空气阻力系数aerodynamic drag coefficient掀背hatchback斜背fast-back尾翼tailempennage平移质量translationalmass旋转质量rotationalmass惯性矩inertialmoment转动惯量momentof inertia

中文 英文1 英文2 动力性 acceleration performance dynamic performance 燃油经济性 fuel economy 制动性 braking performance 操纵稳定性 driving stability handling performance 平顺性 ride comfort 通过性 passing ability 侧倾 roll 俯仰 pitch 横摆 yaw 前进 forward 侧向 side 垂直 vertical 结构参数 structure parameters 使用参数 operation parameters 评价指标 evaluation index 影响因素 influence factor 额定满载 fully rated load 超载 overload 离合器 clutch 变速器 gear box 传动轴 propeller shaft 主减速器 final drive 半轴 half axle 驱动轮 driving wheel 从动轮 driven wheel 机械效率 mechanical efficiency 驱动力 tractive force 发动机外特性 external engine characteristic 滚动阻力 rolling resistance 空气阻力 air resistance aerodynamic drag 坡度阻力 uphill grade resistance slope resistance 加速阻力 acceleration resistance 滚动阻力系数 coefficient of rolling resistant 驻波 standing wave 子午线胎 radial tire 斜交胎 bias tire 空气阻力系数 aerodynamic drag coefficient 掀背 hatchback 斜背 fast-back 尾翼 empennage tail 平移质量 translational mass 旋转质量 rotational mass 惯性矩 inertial moment 转动惯量 moment of inertia

旋转质量换算系数rotational masscoefficient行驶方程式drivingequation动力特性dynamiccharacteristics动力因数dynamic factor驱动条件drivingconditionofacceleration附着条件limitedconditionofaccelerationn adhesioncondition附着力adhesionadhesiveforce道路附着系数road adhesion coefficient附着率adhesionratio全轮驱动AWD(All Wheels Drive)升力系数coefficient of liftforce功率平衡方程powerbalanceequationpower equilibrium equation后备功率powermarginreservesupplyofpower燃油消耗fuel consumption百公里燃油消耗100kmfuelconsumption英里/(美)加仑MPG(Miles Per Gallon)循环行驶工况circular driving modeECE(EconomicCommission欧洲经济委员会forEurope)EPA(Environmental Protection环保署Agency)负荷率outputpowerratio发动机万有特性engineuniversal characteristic急速油耗idlefuel consumption发动机启停系统STT（Stop&Start)经济车速economicspeed质量利用系数qualityutilizationcoefficientmassutilizationcoefficient滑行试验coastingtest全铝车身all aluminiumbody动力装置参数powerplantparameter比功率PPUM(Power Per Unit Mass)最低稳定车速minimum stablevehiclespeed越野汽车cross-countryvehicle等比geometric

旋转质量换算系数 rotational mass coefficient 行驶方程式 driving equation 动力特性 dynamic characteristics 动力因数 dynamic factor 驱动条件 driving condition of acceleration 附着条件 limited condition of acceleration adhesion condition 附着力 adhesion adhesive force 道路附着系数 road adhesion coefficient 附着率 adhesion ratio 全轮驱动 AWD(All Wheels Drive) 升力系数 coefficient of lift force 功率平衡方程 power balance equation power equilibrium equation 后备功率 power margin reserve supply of power 燃油消耗 fuel consumption 百公里燃油消耗 100km fuel consumption 英里/(美)加仑 MPG(Miles Per Gallon) 循环行驶工况 circular driving mode 欧洲经济委员会 ECE(Economic Commission for Europe ) 环保署 EPA(Environmental Protection Agency ) 负荷率 output power ratio 发动机万有特性 engine universal characteristic 怠速油耗 idle fuel consumption 发动机启停系统 STT（Stop&Start） 经济车速 economic speed 质量利用系数 quality utilization coefficient mass utilization coefficient 滑行试验 coasting test 全铝车身 all aluminium body 动力装置参数 power plant parameter 比功率 PPUM(Power Per Unit Mass ) 最低稳定车速 minimum stable vehicle speed 越野汽车 cross-country vehicle 等比 geometric

制动效能braking efficiency制动距离stoppingdistancebraking distance制动减速度brakingdeceleration制动效能的恒定性stability of braking efficiency抗热衰退性能thermalrecessionresistanceheatendurance抗水衰退性能waterrecessionresistanceanti-water-recession properties制动时的方向稳定性brakingsteeringstability制动跑偏braking deviationofftracking制动侧滑braking sideslip失去转向能力losing the steering ability制动甩尾brakingswerve地面制动力ground braking force制动器制动力brakesbraking force试验台test-bed滑动率slipratio制动力系数coefficientofbrakingforce峰值附着系数peak coefficient滑动附着系数slidecoefficient侧向力系数coefficientoflateralforce滑水hydroplaning驾驶员反应时间driver's response time制动器作用时间brakes acting time持续制动时间brakes stable working time放松制动时间releasingbrakes time通风盘式制动器ventilated disc brakes实心盘式制动器solid disc brakes钻孔通风盘式制动器drillingventilateddiscbrakes地面垂直反力ground vertical force制动器制动力分配系数brakeforcedistributionratiobrakingproportioningcoefficier同步附着系数synchro-adhesion coefficientsynchronousadhesion coefficie轴距wheelbase质心masscentercentroid质心高度centroid height利用附着系数braking coefficient in use制动强度braking intensity制动效率braking efficient限压阀pressure limitationvalve比例阀proportioningvalve感载比例阀senseloadproportioningvalve感载射线阀sense load radial valve轮速传感器wheel speed sensor主缸master cylindermainpump轮缸wheel cylinderwheelbump液压调节器hydraulic regulatorbrakingpressureregulator防抱死制动系统ABS(Anti-lock Braking Sys.)

制动效能 braking efficiency 制动距离 stopping distance braking distance 制动减速度 braking deceleration 制动效能的恒定性 stability of braking efficiency 抗热衰退性能 thermal recession resistance heat endurance 抗水衰退性能 water recession resistance anti-water-recession properties 制动时的方向稳定性 braking steering stability 制动跑偏 braking deviation off tracking 制动侧滑 braking sideslip 失去转向能力 losing the steering ability 制动甩尾 braking swerve 地面制动力 ground braking force 制动器制动力 brakes braking force 试验台 test-bed 滑动率 slip ratio 制动力系数 coefficient of braking force 峰值附着系数 peak coefficient 滑动附着系数 slide coefficient 侧向力系数 coefficient of lateral force 滑水 hydroplaning 驾驶员反应时间 driver's response time 制动器作用时间 brakes acting time 持续制动时间 brakes stable working time 放松制动时间 releasing brakes time 通风盘式制动器 ventilated disc brakes 实心盘式制动器 solid disc brakes 钻孔通风盘式制动器 drilling ventilated disc brakes 地面垂直反力 ground vertical force 制动器制动力分配系数 brake force distribution ratio braking proportioning coefficient 同步附着系数 synchro-adhesion coefficient synchronous adhesion coefficient 轴距 wheelbase 质心 mass center centroid 质心高度 centroid height 利用附着系数 braking coefficient in use 制动强度 braking intensity 制动效率 braking efficient 限压阀 pressure limitation valve 比例阀 proportioning valve 感载比例阀 sense load proportioning valve 感载射线阀 sense load radial valve 轮速传感器 wheel speed sensor 主缸 master cylinder main pump 轮缸 wheel cylinder wheel bump 液压调节器 hydraulic regulator braking pressure regulator 防抱死制动系统 ABS(Anti-lock Braking Sys.)

EBD(ElectricBrakeforce电子制动力分配系统Distribution)制动辅助系统BAS(Brake Assist System)翻车rollover角输入angleinput力输入forceinput时域响应timedomainresponse频域响应frequency-domain response车辆坐标系vehicleaxissystem稳态响应steady-stateresponse瞬态响应instantaneousresponse转向盘角阶跃输入steeringwheel anglestepinput反应时间reactiontime峰值响应时间peakresponsetime稳定时间stabilizingtime最大横摆角速度maximumyawvelocity稳态横摆角速度steady state yaw velocity超调量overshoot稳态转向特性steadysteeringcharacteristics中性转向neutral steering不足转向understeering过多转向oversteering侧偏特性corneringproperty轮胎坐标系tireaxis system翻转力矩overturntorque回正力矩aligningtorque外倾角camberangle侧偏角slip anglesideslip angle侧偏力corneringforce侧向力lateralforce侧偏刚度cornering stiffness刚性轮胎rigid tire充气轮胎pneumatic tire高宽比（扁平率）aspectratio破坏状态ruinate-state附着椭圆adhesionellipse轮胎拖距pneumatic trail外倾刚度camberstiffness外倾侧向力camberlateral force线性二自由度模型linearmodel attwo-degreefreedom运动微分方程movementdifferentialequation横摆角速度增益yawvelocitygain转向灵敏度steering sensitivity稳定性因数stabilityfactor

电子制动力分配系统 EBD(Electric Brakeforce Distribution) 制动辅助系统 BAS(Brake Assist System) 翻车 rollover 角输入 angle input 力输入 force input 时域响应 time domain response 频域响应 frequency-domain response 车辆坐标系 vehicle axis system 稳态响应 steady-state response 瞬态响应 instantaneous response 转向盘角阶跃输入 steering wheel angle step input 反应时间 reaction time 峰值响应时间 peak response time 稳定时间 stabilizing time 最大横摆角速度 maximum yaw velocity 稳态横摆角速度 steady state yaw velocity 超调量 overshoot 稳态转向特性 steady steering characteristics 中性转向 neutral steering 不足转向 understeering 过多转向 oversteering 侧偏特性 cornering property 轮胎坐标系 tire axis system 翻转力矩 overturn torque 回正力矩 aligning torque 外倾角 camber angle 侧偏角 sideslip angle slip angle 侧偏力 cornering force 侧向力 lateral force 侧偏刚度 cornering stiffness 刚性轮胎 rigid tire 充气轮胎 pneumatic tire 高宽比（扁平率） aspect ratio 破坏状态 ruinate-state 附着椭圆 adhesion ellipse 轮胎拖距 pneumatic trail 外倾刚度 camber stiffness 外倾侧向力 camber lateral force 线性二自由度模型 linear model at two-degree freedom 运动微分方程 movement differential equation 横摆角速度增益 yaw velocity gain 转向灵敏度 steering sensitivity 稳定性因数 stability factor

特征车速characteristic speed临界车速critical speedS.M.(Static Margin)静态储备系数中性转向点neutralsteerpoint侧倾轴线roll axis侧倾中心roll center三心定理Triple-HeartTheorem单横臂singletransverse armone stabilizer bar独立悬架independentsuspension非独立悬架dependentsuspensionrigid axle suspension双横臂doubletransversearmsdouble wishbone单纵臂singletrailingarm等效悬架equivalent suspension线刚度linearstiffness悬架侧倾角刚度suspension roll stiffness侧倾力矩rollmoment侧倾角roll angle簧载质量sprungmass非簧载质量unsprungmass侧倾外倾rollcamber烛式悬架candlesuspension麦弗逊悬架Mcpherson suspension侧倾转向roll steer变形转向deformationsteer变形外倾deformationcamber侧翻阈值rollover threshold四轮转向4WS(4WheelsSteering)VSC(VehicleStabilityContro)车辆稳定性控制系统System)电子稳定性程序ESP(ElectronicStabilityProgram)驱动力控制系统TCS(TractionControl System)驱动防滑系统ASR(Anti-SlipRegulation)

特征车速 characteristic speed 临界车速 critical speed 静态储备系数 S.M.(Static Margin) 中性转向点 neutral steer point 侧倾轴线 roll axis 侧倾中心 roll center 三心定理 Triple-Heart Theorem 单横臂 single transverse arm one stabilizer bar 独立悬架 independent suspension 非独立悬架 dependent suspension rigid axle suspension 双横臂 double transverse arms double wishbone 单纵臂 single trailing arm 等效悬架 equivalent suspension 线刚度 linear stiffness 悬架侧倾角刚度 suspension roll stiffness 侧倾力矩 roll moment 侧倾角 roll angle 簧载质量 sprung mass 非簧载质量 unsprung mass 侧倾外倾 roll camber 烛式悬架 candle suspension 麦弗逊悬架 Mcpherson suspension 侧倾转向 roll steer 变形转向 deformation steer 变形外倾 deformation camber 侧翻阈值 rollover threshold 四轮转向 4WS(4 Wheels Steering) 车辆稳定性控制系统 VSC(Vehicle Stability Control System) 电子稳定性程序 ESP(Electronic Stability Program) 驱动力控制系统 TCS(Traction Control System) 驱动防滑系统 ASR(Anti-Slip Regulation)

路面不平度pavement roughnessroad surface roughness弹性元件elasticelement阻尼元件damping element均方根值RMS(root mean square) value加权加速度均方根值weighted accelerationRMS动挠度dynamicdeflection相对动载relative dynamic load频率frequency强度intensity作用方向actingdirection暴露时间exposuretime暴露极限exposure limitfatigue-work efficiency疲劳-工效降低界限decrease limit舒适降低界限comfortdecreaselimit敏感频率范围sensitive frequency scope共振sympatheticvibrationresonance人体坐姿受振模型human sitting vibration model频率加权函数frequency weighting function轴加权系数axial weighting coefficient功率谱密度函数power spectral densityfunction加权振级weighted vibration grade位移功率谱displacementpowerspectrum速度功率谱velocitypowerspectrum加速度功率谱accelerationpowerspectrum空间频率spatial frequency时间频率time frequency波长wavelengh路面不平度系数roughnesscoefficientofpavement白噪声whitenoise汽车振动系统automobilevibrationsystem单质量振动系统singlemassvibration system悬挂质量分配系数sprung mass distribution coefficient联系质量connectionmass双质量振动系统dual massvibration system系统固有圆频率system natural circular frequency阻尼比dampingratio振动衰减vibrationattenuation衰减振动dampedvibration减幅系数dampingcoefficient傅里叶变换Fouriertrasformation传递特性transfercharacteristic幅频特性amplitude frequency characterist scope frequency characteristic频率比frequencyratio共振区resonanceregion

路面不平度 pavement roughness road surface roughness 弹性元件 elastic element 阻尼元件 damping element 均方根值 RMS(root mean square) value 加权加速度均方根值 weighted acceleration RMS 动挠度 dynamic deflection 相对动载 relative dynamic load 频率 frequency 强度 intensity 作用方向 acting direction 暴露时间 exposure time 暴露极限 exposure limit 疲劳-工效降低界限 fatigue-work efficiency decrease limit 舒适降低界限 comfort decrease limit 敏感频率范围 sensitive frequency scope 共振 sympathetic vibration resonance 人体坐姿受振模型 human sitting vibration model 频率加权函数 frequency weighting function 轴加权系数 axial weighting coefficient 功率谱密度函数 power spectral density function 加权振级 weighted vibration grade 位移功率谱 displacement power spectrum 速度功率谱 velocity power spectrum 加速度功率谱 acceleration power spectrum 空间频率 spatial frequency 时间频率 time frequency 波长 wavelengh 路面不平度系数 roughness coefficient of pavement 白噪声 white noise 汽车振动系统 automobile vibration system 单质量振动系统 single mass vibration system 悬挂质量分配系数 sprung mass distribution coefficient 联系质量 connection mass 双质量振动系统 dual mass vibration system 系统固有圆频率 system natural circular frequency 阻尼比 damping ratio 振动衰减 vibration attenuation 衰减振动 damped vibration 减幅系数 damping coefficient 傅里叶变换 Fourier trasformation 传递特性 transfer characteristic 幅频特性 amplitude frequency characteristicscope frequency characteristic 频率比 frequency ratio 共振区 resonance region

几何通过特性geometricalpassingability越台能力steppingability跨沟能力striding ability触头失效touching head invalidation拖尾失效dragging tail invalidation顶起失效Supporting invalidation最小离地间隙minimumgroundclearance纵向通过角for-and-aft passing angel接近角approachangle离去角departure angle最小转弯直径minimumdiameterofturn

几何通过特性 geometrical passing ability 越台能力 stepping ability 跨沟能力 striding ability 触头失效 touching head invalidation 拖尾失效 dragging tail invalidation 顶起失效 Supporting invalidation 最小离地间隙 minimum ground clearance 纵向通过角 for-and-aft passing angel 接近角 approach angle 离去角 departure angle 最小转弯直径 minimum diameter of turn