《汽车理论》课程教学资源（专业词汇）汽车发动机相关术语中英文对照（1240条）

汽车发动机相关术语中英文对照（1240条）发动机engine内燃机internal combustionengine动力机装置powerunit汽油机 gasoline engine汽油喷射式汽油机 gasoline-injection engine火花点火式发动机 sparkignition engine压燃式发动机compressionignitionengine往复式内燃机 reciprocating internal combustion engine化油器式发动机carburetor engine柴油机 diesel engine转子发动机rotaryengine旋轮线转子发动机 rotary trochoidal engine二冲程发动机 two-stroke engine四冲程发动机four-strokeengine直接喷射式柴油机directinjectionengine间接喷射式柴油机 indirectinjection engine增压式发动机supercharged engine风冷式发动机 air-cooled engine油冷式发动机oil-cooled engine水冷式发动机water-cooledengine自然进气式发动机naturallyaspiratedengine

汽车发动机相关术语中英文对照（1240 条） 发动机 engine 内燃机 internal combustion engine 动力机装置 power unit 汽油机 gasoline engine 汽油喷射式汽油机 gasoline-injection engine 火花点火式发动机 spark ignition engine 压燃式发动机 compression ignition engine 往复式内燃机 reciprocating internal combustion engine 化油器式发动机 carburetor engine 柴油机 diesel engine 转子发动机 rotary engine 旋轮线转子发动机 rotary trochoidal engine 二冲程发动机 two-stroke engine 四冲程发动机 four-stroke engine 直接喷射式柴油机 direct injection engine 间接喷射式柴油机 indirect injection engine 增压式发动机 supercharged engine 风冷式发动机 air-cooled engine 油冷式发动机 oil-cooled engine 水冷式发动机 water-cooled engine 自然进气式发动机 naturally aspirated engine

煤气机gasengine液化石油气发动机liquifiedpetroleumgasengine柴油煤气机diesel gasengine多种燃料发动机multifuel engine石油发动机hydrocarbonengine双燃料发动机duelfuelengine热球式发动机hot bulb engine多气缸发动机 multiple cylinder engine对置活塞发动机 opposed piston engine对置气缸式发动机opposed-cylinderengine十字头型发动机cross head engine直列式发动机 in-lineengine星型发动机radialengine筒状活塞发动机trunk-pistonengine斯特林发动机stirlingengine套阀式发动机knight engine气孔扫气式发动机port-scavenged engine倾斜式发动机slant engine前置式发动机front-engine后置式发动机rear-engine中置式发动机 central engine左侧发动机left-handengine

煤气机 gas engine 液化石油气发动机 liquified petroleum gas engine 柴油煤气机 diesel gas engine 多种燃料发动机 multifuel engine 石油发动机 hydrocarbon engine 双燃料发动机 duel fuel engine 热球式发动机 hot bulb engine 多气缸发动机 multiple cylinder engine 对置活塞发动机 opposed piston engine 对置气缸式发动机 opposed-cylinder engine 十字头型发动机 cross head engine 直列式发动机 in-line engine 星型发动机 radial engine 筒状活塞发动机 trunk-piston engine 斯特林发动机 stirling engine 套阀式发动机 knight engine 气孔扫气式发动机 port-scavenged engine 倾斜式发动机 slant engine 前置式发动机 front-engine 后置式发动机 rear-engine 中置式发动机 central engine 左侧发动机 left-hand engine

右侧发动机right-hand engine短冲程发动机oversquare engine长冲程发动机 undersquare engine等径程发动机 square engine顶置凸轮轴发动机overheadcamshaftengine双顶置凸轮轴发动机dual overhead camshaft engineV形发动机V-engine顶置气门发动机valvein-headengine侧置气门发动机sidevalve engine无气门发动机valvelessengine多气门发动机multi-valveengine卧式发动机horizontalengine斜置式发动机 inclined engine立式发动机vertical enginew形发动机w-engineI形发动机I-engineL形发动机 L-engineF形发动机F-engine二冲程循环two-stroke cycle四冲程循环four-strokecycle狄塞尔循环dieselcycle奥托循环Ottocycle

右侧发动机 right-hand engine 短冲程发动机 oversquare engine 长冲程发动机 undersquare engine 等径程发动机 square engine 顶置凸轮轴发动机 overhead camshaft engine 双顶置凸轮轴发动机 dual overhead camshaft engine V 形发动机 V-engine 顶置气门发动机 valve in-head engine 侧置气门发动机 side valve engine 无气门发动机 valveless engine 多气门发动机 multi-valve engine 卧式发动机 horizontal engine 斜置式发动机 inclined engine 立式发动机 vertical engine W 形发动机 w-engine I 形发动机 I-engine L 形发动机 L-engine F 形发动机 F-engine 二冲程循环 two-stroke cycle 四冲程循环 four-stroke cycle 狄塞尔循环 diesel cycle 奥托循环 Otto cycle

混合循环mixedcycle定容循环constantvolumecycle工作循环working cycle等压循环 constant pressure cycle理想循环idealcycle热力循环thermodynamiccycle冲程stroke活塞行程piston stroke长行程long stroke上行程up stroke下行程down stroke进气行程 intake stroke充气行程charging stroke压缩行程 compression stroke爆炸行程explosion stroke膨胀行程 expansion stroke动力行程powerstroke排气行程exhaust stroke膨胀换气行程expansion-exchangestroke换气压缩行程exchange-compression stroke止点deadcenter上止点topdeadcenter(upperdeadcenter)

混合循环 mixed cycle 定容循环 constant volume cycle 工作循环 working cycle 等压循环 constant pressure cycle 理想循环 ideal cycle 热力循环 thermodynamic cycle 冲程 stroke 活塞行程 piston stroke 长行程 long stroke 上行程 up stroke 下行程 down stroke 进气行程 intake stroke 充气行程 charging stroke 压缩行程 compression stroke 爆炸行程 explosion stroke 膨胀行程 expansion stroke 动力行程 power stroke 排气行程 exhaust stroke 膨胀换气行程 expansion-exchange stroke 换气压缩行程 exchange-compression stroke 止点 dead center 上止点 top dead center(upper dead center)

下止点lowerdeadcenter(bottomdeadcenter)上止点前budc(beforeupperdeadcenter)上止点后atdc(aftertopdead cetner)下止点前bbdc(beforebottomdeadcenter）下止点后abdc(afterbottomdeadcenter)缸径cylinderbore缸径与行程bore and stroke空气室 energy chamber气缸余隙容积cylinderclearancevolume燃烧室容积combustionchambervolume气缸最大容积maximumcylindervolume压缩室compressionchamber排气量displacement发动机排量enginedisplacement活塞排量pistonswept volume气缸容量cylindercapacity单室容量single-chambercapacity容积法volumetry压缩比compression ratio临界压缩比 critical compression ratio膨胀比 expansion ratio面容比 surfaceto volumeratio

下止点 lower dead center(bottom dead center) 上止点前 budc(before upper dead center) 上止点后 atdc(after top dead cetner) 下止点前 bbdc(before bottom dead center) 下止点后 abdc(after bottom dead center) 缸径 cylinder bore 缸径与行程 bore and stroke 空气室 energy chamber 气缸余隙容积 cylinder clearance volume 燃烧室容积 combustion chamber volume 气缸最大容积 maximum cylinder volume 压缩室 compression chamber 排气量 displacement 发动机排量 engine displacement 活塞排量 piston swept volume 气缸容量 cylinder capacity 单室容量 single-chamber capacity 容积法 volumetry 压缩比 compression ratio 临界压缩比 critical compression ratio 膨胀比 expansion ratio 面容比 surface to volume ratio

行程缸径比stroke-boreratio混合比mixture ratio压缩压力compression pressure制动平均有效压力 brake meaneffectivepressure(bmep)空燃比airfuelratio燃空比 fuel air ratio燃料当量比fuelequivalenceratic扭矩torque单缸功率power per cylinder升功率powerperliter升扭矩 torque per liter升质量mass per liter减额功率deratingpower输出马力shafthorsepower马力小时，马力时horsepower-hour总马力 gross horse power总功率grosspower净功率netpower燃油消耗量fuel consumption比燃料消耗率specificfuel consumption空气消耗率airconsumption机油消耗量oilconsumption

行程缸径比 stroke-bore ratio 混合比 mixture ratio 压缩压力 compression pressure 制动平均有效压力 brake mean effective pressure(bmep) 空燃比 air fuel ratio 燃空比 fuel air ratio 燃料当量比 fuel equivalence ratio 扭矩 torque 单缸功率 power per cylinder 升功率 power per liter 升扭矩 torque per liter 升质量 mass per liter 减额功率 derating power 输出马力 shaft horsepower 马力小时，马力时 horsepower-hour 总马力 gross horse power 总功率 gross power 净功率 net power 燃油消耗量 fuel consumption 比燃料消耗率 specific fuel consumption 空气消耗率 air consumption 机油消耗量 oil consumption

有效马力nethorsepower额定马力ratedhorsepower马力重量系数horsepower-weightfactor制动功率brakehorsepower制动热效率brakethermalefficiency总效率 overall efficiency排烟极限功率smoke limiting horsepower功率曲线powercurve机械损失mechanicalloss机械效率mechanicalefficiency有效热效率effectivethermal efficiency充气系数volumetric efficiency过量空气系数coefficientofexcessair适应性系数adaptivecoefficient扭矩适应性系数coefficient of torque adaptibility转速适应性系数speedadaptivecoefficient强化系数coefficientofintensification校正系数correctionfactor换算系数conversionfactor活塞平均速度meanpistonspeed发动机转速engine speed（rotational frequency）急速转速 idling speed

有效马力 net horse power 额定马力 rated horse power 马力重量系数 horsepower-weight factor 制动功率 brake horse power 制动热效率 brake thermal efficiency 总效率 overall efficiency 排烟极限功率 smoke limiting horsepower 功率曲线 power curve 机械损失 mechanical loss 机械效率 mechanical efficiency 有效热效率 effective thermal efficiency 充气系数 volumetric efficiency 过量空气系数 coefficient of excess air 适应性系数 adaptive coefficient 扭矩适应性系数 coefficient of torque adaptibility 转速适应性系数 speed adaptive coefficient 强化系数 coefficient of intensification 校正系数 correction factor 换算系数 conversion factor 活塞平均速度 mean piston speed 发动机转速 engine speed (rotational frequency) 怠速转速 idling speed

经济转速economicspeed起动转速 starting speed最低稳定工作转速lowest continuous speed with load最大扭矩转速speed at maximumtorque最高空转转速maximumnoloadgovernedspeed调速speed governing超速overspeed怠速idling转速波动率 speed fluctuation rate工况 working condition(operating mode)额定工况declaredworkingcondition变工况 variable working condition稳定工况steadyworkingconditior空载 no-load全负荷fullload超负荷overload部分负荷part load充量（进气）charge旋转方向direction ofrotation顺时针clockwise逆时针 counter-clockwise左转left-handrotation

经济转速 economic speed 起动转速 starting speed 最低稳定工作转速 lowest continuous speed with load 最大扭矩转速 speed at maximum torque 最高空转转速 maximum no load governed speed 调速 speed governing 超速 overspeed 怠速 idling 转速波动率 speed fluctuation rate 工况 working condition(operating mode) 额定工况 declared working condition 变工况 variable working condition 稳定工况 steady working condition 空载 no-load 全负荷 full load 超负荷 overload 部分负荷 part load 充量（进气） charge 旋转方向 direction of rotation 顺时针 clockwise 逆时针 counter-clockwise 左转 left-hand rotation

右转right-hand rotation外径majordiameter中径 pitch diameter内径minor diameter径向间隙radial clearance发动机性能engineperformance加载性能loading performance起动性能startingperformance加速性能accelerationperformance动力性能powerperformance排放性能 emission performance空转特性 no load characteristics负荷特性partthrottlecharacteristics调速特性 governor control characteristics万有特性mappingcharacteristics稳定调速率steadystate speedgoverningrate气缸体和气缸盖cylinderblockandhead气缸体cylinderblock整体铸造cast inblock（castenblock)发动机罩engine bonnet气缸体加强筋engineblockstiffeningrib气缸cylinder

右转 right-hand rotation 外径 major diameter 中径 pitch diameter 内径 minor diameter 径向间隙 radial clearance 发动机性能 engine performance 加载性能 loading performance 起动性能 starting performance 加速性能 acceleration performance 动力性能 power performance 排放性能 emission performance 空转特性 no load characteristics 负荷特性 part throttle characteristics 调速特性 governor control characteristics 万有特性 mapping characteristics 稳定调速率 steady state speed governing rate 气缸体和气缸盖 cylinder block and head 气缸体 cylinder block 整体铸造 cast inblock (cast enblock) 发动机罩 engine bonnet 气缸体加强筋 engine block stiffening rib 气缸 cylinder

（转子机）缸体stator缸径cylinder bore气缸体机架cylinderblockframe气缸盖cylinderhead配气机构箱valve mechanismcasing气缸体隔片cylinder spacer气缸盖密封环cylinder head ringgasket气缸盖垫片cylinderheadgasket气缸套cylinderliner(cylindersleeve千式缸套drycylinderliner湿式缸套wetcylinderliner气缸水套waterjacket膨胀塞 expansion plug防冻塞freezeplug气缸壁cylinderwall环脊ringridge排气口exhaustport中间隔板 intermediatebottum导板guideway创成半径（转子机）generatingradius缸体宽度（转子机）operatingwidth机柱 column

（转子机）缸体 stator 缸径 cylinder bore 气缸体机架 cylinder block frame 气缸盖 cylinder head 配气机构箱 valve mechanism casing 气缸体隔片 cylinder spacer 气缸盖密封环 cylinder head ring gasket 气缸盖垫片 cylinder head gasket 气缸套 cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve) 干式缸套 dry cylinder liner 湿式缸套 wet cylinder liner 气缸水套 water jacket 膨胀塞 expansion plug 防冻塞 freeze plug 气缸壁 cylinder wall 环脊 ring ridge 排气口 exhaust port 中间隔板 intermediate bottum 导板 guideway 创成半径（转子机） generating radius 缸体宽度（转子机） operating width 机柱 column