《测绘专业英语》课程授课教案

测绘专业英语教案UnitOneIntroductionofEnglishforscienceandtechnology2学时本单元的重点难点：科技英语的特点及翻译对学生的要求：1、了解科技英语的特点；2、认识科技英语的翻译标准2学时UnitTwoWhat'sGeomatices?本单元的重点难点：1、句子倒装In the last decade, there has been dramatic development and growth in the use ofhardware and software solutions to both measure and process geo-spatial data.It is processed and manipulated with state-of-the-art information technology usingcomputer softwareandhardware2、找长句的谓语Such developments areforecast to continue and will create new career paths forgraduates whoseeducationand trainingisbroadlybasedand ofhighacademic standard对学生的要求：1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容；2、认识Geomatics3、掌握专业词汇：?geomatics, geodesy?surveying and mapping?property survey,④geodetic surveying, plane surveying?photogrammetry1

1 测绘专业英语教案 Unit One Introduction of English for science and technology 2 学时 本单元的重点难点：科技英语的特点及翻译 对学生的要求： 1、了解科技英语的特点； 2、认识科技英语的翻译标准 Unit Two What’s Geomatices? 2 学时 本单元的重点难点： 1、句子倒装 In the last decade, there has been dramatic development and growth in the use of hardware and software solutions to both measure and process geo-spatial data. It is processed and manipulated with state-of-the-art information technology using computer software and hardware. 2、找长句的谓语 Such developments are forecast to continue and will create new career paths for graduates whose education and training is broadly based and of high academic standard. 对学生的要求： 1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容； 2、认识 Geomatics 3、掌握专业词汇： ① geomatics, geodesy ② surveying and mapping ③ property survey, ④ geodetic surveying, plane surveying ⑤ photogrammetry

?remote sensing(RS)?global positioning system(GPS)?satellite positioning?geographic information systems(GIS)@ land management①computergraphics4、词汇扩充与辨析①surveying,survey,measure,measurement?processn.过程、步骤v.处理?rigorous, rough④reduction, reduce?highway,freeway?plan, diagram, profile, cross section, chart, map2 学时Unit ThreeGeodetic Surveyingand Plane Surveying本单元的重点难点：1、句子倒装Attached to the level is a. bubble level, which enables the line of sight to be brought intotrue horizontal2、分析句子结构Measurements are made by sighting a horizontal line of sight on graduated level rodsthat are held vertically over various points on a plat of land.3、however表示转折However, with the increasing size and sophistication of engineering and other scientificprojects, surveyors who restrict their practice to plane surveying are severely limited in thetypes of surveys in which they can be engaged2

2 ⑥ remote sensing(RS) ⑦ global positioning system(GPS) ⑧ satellite positioning ⑨ geographic information systems(GIS) ⑩ land management ⑪ computer graphics 4、词汇扩充与辨析 ① surveying, survey; measure, measurement ② process n. 过程、步骤 v.处理 ③ rigorous, rough ④ reduction, reduce ⑤ highway, freeway ⑥ plan, diagram, profile, cross section, chart, map Unit Three Geodetic Surveying and Plane Surveying 2 学时 本单元的重点难点： 1、句子倒装 Attached to the level is a. bubble level, which enables the line of sight to be brought into true horizontal. 2、分析句子结构 Measurements are made by sighting a horizontal line of sight on graduated level rods that are held vertically over various points on a plat of land. 3、however 表示转折 However, with the increasing size and sophistication of engineering and other scientific projects, surveyors who restrict their practice to plane surveying are severely limited in the types of surveys in which they can be engaged

4、词义引申the construction of highways对学生的要求：1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容；2、复习 be dependent upon,a large number of ;3、掌握however的用法；4、掌握专业词汇；@plane trigonometry@ gravity field? plumb line④officework;fieldwork? geodetic surveying;plane surveying;control survey@ horizontal survey ; vertical survey① topographic survey ; detail survey③ land survey ; city survey route survey ; pipe survey hydrographic survey; marine survey4、词汇扩充与辨析@ angular distance ,linear distance;latitudelongitudealtitude ;foresight,backsight ;②多义词feature；③多义词level ;2 学时Unit FourDistanceMeasurement3

3 4、词义引申 the construction of highways 对学生的要求： 1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容； 2、复习 be dependent upon, a large number of； 3、掌握 however 的用法； 4、掌握专业词汇； ① plane trigonometry ② gravity field ③ plumb line ④ office work；field work ⑤ geodetic surveying；plane surveying；control survey ⑥ horizontal survey；vertical survey ⑦ topographic survey；detail survey ⑧ land survey；city survey ⑨ route survey；pipe survey ⑩ hydrographic survey；marine survey 4、词汇扩充与辨析 ① angular distance，linear distance；latitude，longitude，altitude；foresight， backsight； ② 多义词 feature； ③ 多义词 level； Unit Four Distance Measurement 2 学时

本单元的重点难点：1、主语从语These velocities, which are affected by the air's density, are reduced and need to berecalculated in the atmosphere.2、强调比较级Ifthe distance is longer than the length of tape, then we can divide the long distance intoseveral segments and get the total distance by plus each segment together.对学生的要求：1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容；2、复习 pacing,precise ranging, distance measurement, by means of,a series of3、掌握专业词汇@ distance measuring instrument, rangefinder@ geod imeterlong-rangeEDMinstrument@ infrared EDM instrument? laser distance measuring instrument, laser ranger@ satellite laser ranger, two-colorlaser ranger@ distance-measuring error③ fixed error, proportional error multiplication constant, addition constant4、词汇扩充与辨析 mechanical/optical distance (MOD) measuring instruments, electronicdistance measuring (EDM) instruments@ stadia hair, cross wire, cross hair?theresultantintervals,atintervals4

4 本单元的重点难点： 1、主语从语 These velocities, which are affected by the air’s density, are reduced and need to be recalculated in the atmosphere. 2、强调比较级 If the distance is longer than the length of tape, then we can divide the long distance into several segments and get the total distance by plus each segment together. 对学生的要求： 1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容； 2、复习 pacing, precise ranging, distance measurement, by means of, a series of 3、掌握专业词汇 ① distance measuring instrument, rangefinder ② geodimeter ③ long-range EDM instrument ④ infrared EDM instrument ⑤ laser distance measuring instrument, laser ranger ⑥ satellite laser ranger, two-color laser ranger ⑦ distance-measuring error ⑧ fixed error, proportional error ⑨ multiplication constant, addition constant 4、词汇扩充与辨析 ① mechanical/optical distance (MOD) measuring instruments, electronic distance measuring (EDM) instruments ② stadia hair, cross wire, cross hair ③ the resultant intervals, at intervals

Quiz2 学时Unit Five对学生进行中期测验，检验学生的学习效果2学时Unit SixGrammarand TranslationSkills本单元的重点难点：科技英语的语法对学生的要求：1、了解科技英语的语法特点；2、掌握常见的科技英语语法2 学时Unit SevenAngleandDirectionMeasurement本单元的重点难点：1、并列成分的省略With the theodolite set up, centered, and leveled over at station A, then a simplehorizontal angle measurement between surveying point B, A and C would be taken2、长句的断句与结构Modern electronic digital theodolites contain circular encoders that sense the rotations ofthe spindles and the telescope, convert these rotations into horizontal and vertical (or zenith)angles electronically, and display the value of the angles on liquid crystal displays (LCDs) orlight-emitting diode displays (LEDs)对学生的要求：1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容：2、复习perpendicular，electronic distance measuringequipment,angularmeasurement, instrument operator, transit, theodolite, omit, point of reference, property surveylocation survey,celestial sphere,projection3、plate：照准部4、掌握专业词汇@ horizontal angle, vertical angleheadtapeman,rear tapeman?depression angle5

5 Unit Five Quiz 2 学时 对学生进行中期测验，检验学生的学习效果 Unit Six Grammar and Translation Skills 2 学时 本单元的重点难点：科技英语的语法 对学生的要求： 1、了解科技英语的语法特点； 2、掌握常见的科技英语语法 Unit Seven Angle and Direction Measurement 2 学时 本单元的重点难点： 1、并列成分的省略 With the theodolite set up, centered, and leveled over at station A, then a simple horizontal angle measurement between surveying point B, A and C would be taken . 2、长句的断句与结构 Modern electronic digital theodolites contain circular encoders that sense the rotations of the spindles and the telescope, convert these rotations into horizontal and vertical (or zenith) angles electronically, and display the value of the angles on liquid crystal displays (LCDs) or light-emitting diode displays (LEDs). 对学生的要求： 1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容； 2 、 复 习 perpendicular, electronic distance measuring equipment, angular measurement, instrument operator, transit, theodolite, omit, point of reference, property survey, location survey, celestial sphere, projection 3、plate：照准部 4、掌握专业词汇 ① horizontal angle, vertical angle ② head tapeman, rear tapeman ③ depression angle

true angle?horizontal circle, vertical circle@ zenith distance① geodetic azimuth grid bearing, gyro azimuth, magnetic azimuth method by series, method ofdirection observation method in all combinations5、词汇扩充与辨析@ azimuth, bearing, quadrant多义词plate2学时Unit EightTraversing本单元的重点难点：1、插入语Closed traverses, whether they return to the starting point or not, provide checks on themeasured angles and distances.2、长句的断句与结构Closed traverses provide also checks on the measured distances, and the position closurecan be determined mathematically, which means that an indication of the consistency ofmeasuring distances as well as angles should be given to a traverse that closes on itself对学生的要求：1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容；2、复习successive,electronicdistancemeasuringequipment，angularmeasurementinstrument operator, transit, theodolite, omit,point of reference, property survey, locationsurvey, construction layout survey, be subject to,alternative3、drive：打入、钉入4、掌握专业词汇6

6 ④ true angle ⑤ horizontal circle, vertical circle ⑥ zenith distance ⑦ geodetic azimuth ⑧ grid bearing, gyro azimuth, magnetic azimuth ⑨ method by series, method of direction observation ⑩ method in all combinations 5、词汇扩充与辨析 ① azimuth, bearing, quadrant ② 多义词 plate Unit Eight Traversing 2 学时 本单元的重点难点： 1、插入语 Closed traverses, whether they return to the starting point or not, provide checks on the measured angles and distances. 2、长句的断句与结构 Closed traverses provide also checks on the measured distances, and the position closure can be determined mathematically, which means that an indication of the consistency of measuring distances as well as angles should be given to a traverse that closes on itself. 对学生的要求： 1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容； 2、复习 successive, electronic distance measuring equipment, angular measurement, instrument operator, transit, theodolite, omit, point of reference, property survey, location survey, construction layout survey, be subject to, alternative 3、drive：打入、钉入 4、掌握专业词汇

@ traverse, traversing, traverse line, traverse station, traverse point, traverseparty②headtapeman,reartapeman? supporting equipment, range pole, plumb bob, stake, hub, field notebooktaping pin, stadia rod@ law of sines, law of cosine? backsight@ densify①originate,terminate,closeontraverse network, triangulation network, triangulation networktrilateration networkrectangularcoordinategridsystem longitude, latitude5、词汇扩充与辨析@open traverse,closedtraverse@ rod,tape2学时UnitNineMethodsofElevationDetermination本单元的重点难点：1、表语从句The modern approach is to measure the slope distance and vertical angle to the point inquestion.2、同位语从句Such continuous surface maps can make a powerful visual impact, but they have dualdisadvantages in that data values are hard to read on the map and detail behind data peaks islost.7

7 ① traverse, traversing, traverse line, traverse station, traverse point, traverse party ② head tapeman, rear tapeman ③ supporting equipment, range pole, plumb bob, stake, hub, field notebook, taping pin, stadia rod ④ law of sines, law of cosine ⑤ backsight ⑥ densify ⑦ originate, terminate, close on ⑧ traverse network, triangulation network, triangulation network, trilateration network ⑨ rectangular coordinate grid system ⑩ longitude, latitude 5、词汇扩充与辨析 ① open traverse, closed traverse ② rod, tape Unit Nine Methods of Elevation Determination 2 学时 本单元的重点难点： 1、表语从句 The modern approach is to measure the slope distance and vertical angle to the point in question. 2、同位语从句 Such continuous surface maps can make a powerful visual impact, but they have dual disadvantages in that data values are hard to read on the map and detail behind data peaks is lost

3、长句的断句与结构The important notes should be mentioned here is that surveyors used to working withspirit levels have referenced orthometric heights(H) to the “average" surface of the earth, asdepictedbyMSL对学生的要求：1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容：2、复习permanent,stadia,differentialleveling，built-in3、掌握专业词汇@ reference datumHuanghai vertical datumof 1956, national vertical datumof1985?direct leveling, spitit leveling④trigonometric leveling,barometric leveling,gravimetric levelingriver-crossing leveling? foresight, backsight@ height of instrument, height of target① stadia leveling, stadia line annexed leveling line, closed leveling line, spur leveling lineelectronic level,optical level4、词汇扩充与辨析@ theme, topic, subject@ numerical, nonnumerical? quantitative, qualitative2 学时Unit TenRoboticTotalStation本单元的重点难点：1、主语从句8

8 3、长句的断句与结构 The important notes should be mentioned here is that surveyors used to working with spirit levels have referenced orthometric heights(H) to the “average” surface of the earth, as depicted by MSL. 对学生的要求： 1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容； 2、复习 permanent, stadia, differential leveling, built-in 3、掌握专业词汇 ① reference datum ② Huanghai vertical datum of 1956, national vertical datum of 1985 ③ direct leveling, spitit leveling ④ trigonometric leveling, barometric leveling, gravimetric leveling, river-crossing leveling ⑤ foresight, backsight ⑥ height of instrument, height of target ⑦ stadia leveling, stadia line ⑧ annexed leveling line, closed leveling line, spur leveling line ⑨ electronic level , optical level 4、词汇扩充与辨析 ① theme, topic, subject ② numerical, nonnumerical ③ quantitative, qualitative Unit Ten Robotic Total Station 2 学时 本单元的重点难点： 1、主语从句

What will change is the speed with which data is collected2、祈使句Take advantage of the measuring speed and hace multiple rod people on larger jobs3、长句的断句与结构After the instrument has been set up on a control station, centered, leveled and properlyoriented, and the prism target has been set up over another point whose position is to bemeasured, the surveyor may focus the target and depress a button对学生的要求：1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容；2、复习electronicdistancemeters(EDM);regardless of,take advantageof；circularencoder3、掌握专业词汇@ instrument ofgeomatics engineering,geodetic instrument? optical theodolite,electronictheodolite total station, robotic(motorized) total station@ geo-robot?gyroscopictheodolitedatarecorder@ data transfer③automatic target recognition(ATR) circular encodersreduce, eliminate, eradicate, cancel, cast out,discard4、词汇扩充与辨析 prism, lens, mirror9

9 What will change is the speed with which data is collected. 2、祈使句 Take advantage of the measuring speed and hace multiple rod people on larger jobs. 3、长句的断句与结构 After the instrument has been set up on a control station, centered, leveled and properly oriented, and the prism target has been set up over another point whose position is to be measured, the surveyor may focus the target and depress a button. 对学生的要求： 1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容； 2、复习 electronic distance meters(EDM)； regardless of, take advantage of； circular encoder 3、掌握专业词汇 ① instrument of geomatics engineering, geodetic instrument ② optical theodolite, electronic theodolite ③ total station, robotic(motorized) total station ④ geo-robot ⑤ gyroscopic theodolite ⑥ data recorder ⑦ data transfer ⑧ automatic target recognition(ATR) ⑨ circular encoders ⑩ reduce, eliminate, eradicate, cancel, cast out, discard 4、词汇扩充与辨析 ① prism, lens, mirror

②outofplumb,outofadjustment2学时UnitEleven Errors inMeasurement本单元的重点难点：1、however表示其所在句子与上个句子之间的转折However, measurements can approach their true values more closely as better equipment isdeveloped, environmental conditions improve and observer ability increases, but they cannever be exact.2、并列句的省略Systematicerrorscanbecalculatedandpropercorrectionsappliedtothemeasurementsora field procedure used that automatically eliminates the errors.3、长句的断句与结构It can be stated unconditionally that all measurements, no matter how carefully executed,will contain error, and so the true value of a measurement is never known, and the exact sizesofthe errors present are always unknownIt is shown that things which happen randomly or by chance are governed by mathematicalprinciples referred to as probability对学生的要求：1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容；2、复习 estimate, imperfection ;refer to, be referred to as ; to the nearest3、掌握专业词汇@ true value, error, mistake, blunder natural error, instrumental error, personal error? systematic error, cumulative error, random error, accidental error,compensating error@ magnitude, constant, variable? algebraic sign10

10 ② out of plumb, out of adjustment Unit Eleven Errors in Measurement 2 学时 本单元的重点难点： 1、however 表示其所在句子与上个句子之间的转折 However, measurements can approach their true values more closely as better equipment is developed, environmental conditions improve and observer ability increases, but they can never be exact. 2、并列句的省略 Systematic errors can be calculated and proper corrections applied to the measurements or a field procedure used that automatically eliminates the errors. 3、长句的断句与结构 It can be stated unconditionally that all measurements, no matter how carefully executed, will contain error, and so the true value of a measurement is never known, and the exact sizes of the errors present are always unknown. It is shown that things which happen randomly or by chance are governed by mathematical principles referred to as probability. 对学生的要求： 1、必须掌握本单元的重点难点内容； 2、复习 estimate, imperfection；refer to, be referred to as；to the nearest 3、掌握专业词汇 ① true value, error, mistake, blunder ② natural error, instrumental error, personal error ③ systematic error, cumulative error, random error, accidental error, compensating error ④ magnitude, constant, variable ⑤ algebraic sign