《分子生物学》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）第五章 蛋白质的翻译 Protein Translation

CHAPTER 5 Protein Translation

基本概念5.1基本元件5.25.3Genetic Code5.4peptide synthesize5.5保证peptide准确翻译的机制中心法则的发展5.6

5.1 基本概念 5.2 基本元件 5.3 Genetic Code 5.4 peptide synthesize 5.5 保证peptide准确翻译的机制 5.6 中心法则的发展

5.1基本概念

5.1 基 本 概 念

What is translationsecond stepofgeneexpressionmultiple & complex processtRNA as a adapter for codon & amino acidtRNA loading aa by aa-tRNAaa synthetase(AARS)tRNA recognition codon by anti-codon

● second step of gene expression ● multiple & complex process ● tRNA as a adapter for codon & amino acid ● tRNA loading aa by aa-tRNAaa synthetase (AARS) ● tRNA recognition codon by anti-codon What is translation

codon;universaltriplex codontwo of three reading codonparacodoncodon in codoncodon degeneracy;wobble hypothesisisoacceptorcodon usage (codon bias)mechanism of exactly translationinitiation, loading, elongation,proofreading

● codon; universal triplex codon two of three reading codon paracodon codon in codon ● codon degeneracy; wobble hypothesis isoacceptor ● codon usage (codon bias) ● mechanism of exactly translation initiation, loading, elongation, proofreading

5.2基本元件

5.2 基 本 元 件

5.2.1tRNAmini RNA, 4s, (70-80 Nt)tRNA phe, 77Nt clover leaf form (1964 Holly R.)Nt more modified by methylation4 or 5 arms & 4 loops

5.2.1 tRNA ● mini RNA, 4s, (70-80 Nt) ● tRNA phe , 77Nt clover leaf form (1964 Holly R.) ● 4 or 5 arms & 4 loops ● Nt more modified by methylation

8966669-aaacceptarm;Have Tin RNA Yloadingaaat3'endTwCloop;contactwith5srRNA>IdihydrouracilD17:G5O26D20:120-273624名4Itype;3-5Nt3/4tRNADHUloop;福20IItype;13-21Nt和30contact withAARS福福UP-anti-codon loop;363435extraloop;34thiswobblebaseclassificationmarker?

Paracodon一一由若干Nt组成，存在于tRNA不定位置上-与AARS侧链基团的分子发生特异的“契合”?一一成为tRNA准确负载氨基酸的机制之一tRNA的"L”三维结构与功能“L”二级结构构型的结构力一一双链区的碱基堆积力和氢键-一非双链区在“L”结构中，形成氢键结合

● Paracodon -由若干Nt组成，存在于tRNA不定位置上 -与AARS侧链基团的分子发生特异的“契合” -成为tRNA准确负载氨基酸的机制之一 ● tRNA的”L”三维结构与功能 “L”二级结构构型的结构力 -双链区的碱基堆积力和氢键 -非双链区在“L”结构中，形成氢键结合

tRNA的"L”三维结构Apace-tlling modalshows thuttRNAtertierystructhutels boimpactThehwo vipws oftRNaPpearecokatedygorTheVowontredghtoamespondswithshe riohtpanelinFigureB2.Photographkindy providodbyS.H.Kim

tRNA的”L”三维结构