《英语阅读》课程授课教案（讲义）Book 1 Unit 8-2

第周，第讲次课程名称：《Englishreading-1》摘要TextAUnit EightForeword授课题目（章、节）本讲目的要求及重点难点：【目的要求】readingcomprehensionand linguisticcompetence[重点】metaphor;readingcomprehension;languagedifficulties[难点】metaphor;readingcomprehension;languagedifficulties.内容76

76 课程名称：《English reading – 1》 第 周，第 讲次 摘 要 授课题目（章、节） Unit Eight Text A Foreword 本讲目的要求及重点难点： 【目的要求】reading comprehension and linguistic competence 【重 点】metaphor; reading comprehension; language difficulties. 【难 点】metaphor; reading comprehension; language difficulties. 内 容

【本讲课程的引入】1.Makethepresentation2.Word dictation.【本讲课程的内容】、Reading comprehension steps.1.SkimmingRead the first sentence of each paragraph to get the gist ofthe passage2.Readcomprehensionquestions1) When, where, and how did Bill Gates learn about the first personal computer?Key:He learned about it by reading Popular Electronics magazine inHarvard Square when he wasa college sophomore, about 20 years ago.2) What does Gates mean by“another great journey" and“the next revolution?"Key:He is referring to the communications revolution which is now beginning3)What rolewill thePCplayin“thenextrevolution?"Key:Gates expectsthePCtobethefoundationforthenextrevolution4)Howmuch interest did themassmedia show in thePCrevolutionat first?Key:The mass media showed very little interest in the development ofthe PC5)Howmuch attention have media paid to the communications revolution during the past few yearsbeen different?Key:The communications revolution has been the subject of unbelievable attention from the massmedia and people in an out-of-the-computer industry all around the world.6)What misunderstandingsdopeoplehaveabouttheinformationhighway?Key:People think it is the same as today's Internet, that it refers to the simultaneous delivery of500 television channels or that it will create computers as smart as human beings.7) Why does Gates feel that it is important for everyday people toparticipate in the process ofdeveloping new technologies?Key: He feels everyday computer users must participate in this process to make sure that thehighway will serve their needs.8) What purpose does Gates hope to achieve by writing this book?Key:He hopes it will “"serve as a travel guide for the next journey" and will stimulate"understanding,debate,and creative ideas"about the communications revolution.、Reading analysisAmetaphor is a way of thinking of one thing in terms of another thingIt can be particularlyusefulin describing something which is not familiar to the reader, or which the reader may have troublepicturing. In Text A, Bill Gates helps the reader to understand his ideas about something very abstract,newcommunicationstechnologies,bycomparingthemtosomethingmuch simplerandmorefamiliartraveling.For example, Gates'book is called The Road Ahead ("road"relates to a journey)and in the个

77 【本讲课程的引入】 1. Make the presentation. 2. Word dictation. 【本讲课程的内容】 一、Reading comprehension steps. 1. Skimming Read the first sentence of each paragraph to get the gist of the passage. 2. Read comprehension questions 1) When, where, and how did Bill Gates learn about the first personal computer? Key: He learned about it by reading Popular Electronics magazine in Harvard Square when he was a college sophomore, about 20 years ago. 2) What does Gates mean by “another great journey” and “the next revolution?” Key: He is referring to the communications revolution which is now beginning. 3) What role will the PC play in “the next revolution?” Key: Gates expects the PC to be the foundation for the next revolution. 4) How much interest did the mass media show in the PC revolution at first? Key: The mass media showed very little interest in the development of the PC. 5) How much attention have media paid to the communications revolution during the past few years been different? Key: The communications revolution has been the subject of unbelievable attention from the mass media and people in an out-of-the-computer industry all around the world. 6) What misunderstandings do people have about the information highway? Key: People think it is the same as today’s Internet, that it refers to the simultaneous delivery of 500 television channels or that it will create computers as smart as human beings. 7) Why does Gates feel that it is important for everyday people to participate in the process of developing new technologies? Key: He feels everyday computer users must participate in this process to make sure that the highway will serve their needs. 8) What purpose does Gates hope to achieve by writing this book? Key: He hopes it will “serve as a travel guide for the next journey” and will stimulate “understanding, debate, and creative ideas” about the communications revolution. 二、 Reading analysis A metaphor is a way of thinking of one thing in terms of another thing. It can be particularly useful in describing something which is not familiar to the reader, or which the reader may have trouble picturing. In Text A, Bill Gates helps the reader to understand his ideas about something very abstract, new communications technologies, by comparing them to something much simpler and more familiar: traveling. For example, Gates’ book is called The Road Ahead (“road” relates to a journey) and in the

First paragraph he talks about his“incredible adventure" in the computer business and says the PCrevolution has“led us to places we had barely imagined."All this is sustained metaphor.三、Language difficulties1.incredibleadj.—unbelievable,extraordinaryMichael Jordan is an incredible basketball playerBill Gates earns an incredible amount of money, he is the youngest multi-billionaire inAmericanhistory-examine, study with close attention,read attentively2.poreover.To prepare his term paper, the student spent many hours in the library poring over olddocuments.I have a poor sense of direction, and have to pore over my map time and again once in a newplace.3.arisefromresultfromThe problem arose from the recent changes in the lawHisillnessarosefrommalnutrition（营养不良）Themisunderstandingarosefromthelackof communicationamongfamilymembers4. bring about -cause to happenThe increase in business activity was brought aboutbythefall in oil pricesThecomputerhasbroughtaboutmanychangesinour lives.5. reliableadj.—that can be relied onShe may forget to come - she is not very reliable.:This mapof Shanghai was published two years ago, it is not reliableanymore6. promise—1)give assurance 2)show sign, give cause for expectingIpromisedtoreturnthebookingoodconditionHe promised his teacher never to show up late againShepromisestobeafinewriterEarly mist promises a fine day.7.confineto-—restrictorkeepwithin certainlimitsShewasconfinedtobedwitha coldItwasverydifficultto confinethediseasetothefarmwhereithadbrokenout.Please confine your oral presentation to 5minutes.8. go beyond - exceedThe level of inflation has gonebeyond 10%This year's sales incomegoes beyond ourexpectationsMy interest in computers goes beyond just playing computer games.9. meetsatisfy1.-Does the result of the experiment meet your expectations?The book is so popular that it has had to go to a second print to meet the demand.10. a tall order-(infml.) a request or piece of work that is unreasonably difficult to performThis seems to me a tall order to finish three papers in one week.It is abit of a tall order to expect the students to practice oral English in their dormitories.11. serve as -—be used for a particular purpose, be good enough or suitable forOur room has to serve as both bedroom and livingroom.This incident serves as a warning to other students who are tempted to cheat in examsThis may serve as a warning not to be so careless.12.turn out—prove to be78

78 First paragraph he talks about his “incredible adventure” in the computer business and says the PC revolution has “led us to places we had barely imagined.” All this is sustained metaphor. 三、Language difficulties 1. incredible adj. — unbelievable; extraordinary • Michael Jordan is an incredible basketball player. • Bill Gates earns an incredible amount of money; he is the youngest multi-billionaire in American history. 2. pore over — examine, study with close attention, read attentively • To prepare his term paper, the student spent many hours in the library poring over old documents. • I have a poor sense of direction, and have to pore over my map time and again once in a new place. 3. arise from — result from • The problem arose from the recent changes in the law. • His illness arose from malnutrition (营养不良). • The misunderstanding arose from the lack of communication among family members 4. bring about — cause to happen • The increase in business activity was brought about by the fall in oil prices. • The computer has brought about many changes in our lives. 5. reliable adj. — that can be relied on • She may forget to come – she is not very reliable. • This map of Shanghai was published two years ago; it is not reliable anymore 6. promise — 1) give assurance 2) show sign, give cause for expecting • I promised to return the book in good condition. • He promised his teacher never to show up late again. • She promises to be a fine writer. • Early mist promises a fine day. 7. confine to — restrict or keep within certain limits • She was confined to bed with a cold. • It was very difficult to confine the disease to the farm where it had broken out. • Please confine your oral presentation to 5 minutes. 8. go beyond — exceed • The level of inflation has gone beyond 10%. • This year’s sales income goes beyond our expectations. • My interest in computers goes beyond just playing computer games. 9. meet v. — satisfy • Does the result of the experiment meet your expectations? • The book is so popular that it has had to go to a second print to meet the demand. 10. a tall order — (infml.) a request or piece of work that is unreasonably difficult to perform • This seems to me a tall order to finish three papers in one week. • It is a bit of a tall order to expect the students to practice oral English in their dormitories. 11. serve as — be used for a particular purpose, be good enough or suitable for • Our room has to serve as both bedroom and living room. • This incident serves as a warning to other students who are tempted to cheat in exams. • This may serve as a warning not to be so careless. 12. turn out — prove to be

The newcomer turned out to be one of my old acquaintances.The pretty girl turned out to be a thief.13.get around—findortakethenecessarytimeor effortfor.I finally got around to replying the letter from my parents, dated three weeks ago.·He only got around to reading document a few days ago.I nevergotaround totakingtheexamination14.estimate-calculate roughlythetime,cost,size,value, etc.ofsomethingn.approximate calculation of an amount of quantityIt is still too early to estimate the abilities of the young manWe estimated the cost of the trip to be $5,000According to some estimates the numberof self-employed people（个体户)has increasedby 50%.:Iestimate that the conference will be over in 20 minutes.15.run into meet accidentally, encounter:Heran intotroublewithhis economicpolicies:Iran intoan oldfriendatthe supermarketyesterdayThefirmran into financial problems.16.take advantage of-—make good use of, profit fromWe took advantage of thedry weather to paint the houseThetennisplayerknowshowtotakeadvantageofhisopponent'sweaknesses.-.Shetook advantageofhisgood nature【本讲课程的小结】Today we analyzethe structureofthepassage,practisereading comprehension and explain thelanguagedifficulties【本讲课程的作业】1.Write a passage concerning Bill Gates2. Read the whole passage after class.3.Do the vocabulary exercises in the book79

79 • The newcomer turned out to be one of my old acquaintances. • The pretty girl turned out to be a thief. 13. get around — find or take the necessary time or effort for • I finally got around to replying the letter from my parents, dated three weeks ago. • He only got around to reading document a few days ago. • I never got around to taking the examination. 14. estimate — v. calculate roughly the time, cost, size, value, etc. of something n. approximate calculation of an amount of quantity • It is still too early to estimate the abilities of the young man. • We estimated the cost of the trip to be $5,000 • According to some estimates the number of self- employed people (个体户) has increased by 50%. • I estimate that the conference will be over in 20 minutes. 15. run into v. — meet accidentally, encounter • He ran into trouble with his economic policies. • I ran into an old friend at the supermarket yesterday. • The firm ran into financial problems. 16. take advantage of — make good use of, profit from • We took advantage of the dry weather to paint the house. • The tennis player knows how to take advantage of his opponent’s weaknesses. • She took advantage of his good nature. 【本讲课程的小结】 Today we analyze the structure of the passage, practise reading comprehension and explain the language difficulties 【本讲课程的作业】 1. Write a passage concerning Bill Gates 2. Read the whole passage after class. 3. Do the vocabulary exercises in the book

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