南京师范大学：《微生物学》课程PPT教学课件（英文版）Chapter 3 Eukaryotic Microorganism

Chapter 3 Eukaryotic Microorganism

Chapter 3 Eukaryotic Microorganism

Definition Eukaryotic microorganisms have the nuclear membrane coating a cell nucleus,carry out mitosis,and have mitochondria in the cytoplasm. They mainly include yeast (unicelluar fungi), filamentous fungi,microalgae and protozoa. Thus,the eukaryotic microorganisms is not a natural monophyletic taxon.The Fungi is one of the most significant kingdoms in these Eukaryotic microorganisms which have more species

Eukaryotic microorganisms have the nuclear membrane coating a cell nucleus, carry out mitosis, and have mitochondria in the cytoplasm. They mainly include yeast (unicelluar fungi), filamentous fungi, microalgae and protozoa. Thus, the eukaryotic microorganisms is not a natural monophyletic taxon. The Fungi is one of the most significant kingdoms in these Eukaryotic microorganisms which have more species. Definition

Eukaryotic Microorganisms Molds Mushrooms Fungi Yeasts Microalgae Algae Protozoa

Molds Mushrooms Fungi Yeasts Microalgae Algae Protozoa Eukaryotic Microorganisms

The kingdom Fungi is a natural taxon.Members in this kingdom involve very tiny yeast and larger mushroom.In the biologist's viewpoint,this term fungus indicates those organisms that have true nucleus,produce spores by asexual or sexual reproduction,absorb the nourishment material, have no chloroplast. As the development of biosystematics including fungal systematics,some organisms that were thought to been belong to the Fungi in the past have been classificated into other kingdoms now,For example,Oomycetes and Hyphochytidiomycetes is put into the kingdom Chromista or Straminipila,Myxomycetes and Plasmodiophoremycetes into the Protozoa

The kingdom Fungi is a natural taxon. Members in this kingdom involve very tiny yeast and larger mushroom. In the biologist’s viewpoint, this term fungus indicates those organisms that have true nucleus, produce spores by asexual or sexual reproduction, absorb the nourishment material, have no chloroplast. As the development of biosystematics including fungal systematics, some organisms that were thought to been belong to the Fungi in the past have been classificated into other kingdoms now, For example, Oomycetes and Hyphochytidiomycetes is put into the kingdom Chromista or Straminipila, Myxomycetes and Plasmodiophoremycetes into the Protozoa

Major characters of fungi ①with a real nucleus 2having no chloroplast and photosynthesis 3vegetative bodies are usually developing filamentous and branched structure as well as unicell 4 typically forming asexual and sexual reproductive spores containing chitin in the cell wall 6heterotrophy by absorption more living adaptively in the land

Major characters of fungi ①with a real nucleus ②having no chloroplast and photosynthesis ③vegetative bodies are usually developing filamentous and branched structure as well as unicell ④ typically forming asexual and sexual reproductive spores ⑤containing chitin in the cell wall ⑥heterotrophy by absorption ⑦more living adaptively in the land

The comparison between Protokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms item Eukaryotic Prokaryotic microorganisms mocroorganisms cell size larger(>5mm) smaller(<5mm) major component of cell wall cellulose,chitin peptidoglycan mitochondria mesosome + lysosome + cytoplasm Golgi body + microtubule + cache inclusion Starch et al. PHB et al. ribisome 80S 70S nuclear membrane nucleus nucleolus chromosome 1 to several piece,with 1 piece,without histone histone

The comparison between Protokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms item Eukaryotic microorganisms Prokaryotic mocroorganisms cell size larger(>5mm) smaller(<5mm) major component of cell wall cellulose, chitin peptidoglycan cytoplasm mitochondria ＋ － mesosome － ＋ lysosome ＋ － Golgi body ＋ － microtubule ＋ － cache inclusion Starch et al. PHB et al. ribisome 80S 70S nucleus nuclear membrane ＋ － nucleolus ＋ － chromosome 1 to several piece, with histone 1 piece，without histone

CelI Structure of Eukaryotic Microorganism Cell Wall yeast:mannan and glucan fungi:chitin Flagellum 9+2 type Cytomembrane sterol

Cell Structure of Eukaryotic Microorganism Cell Wall yeast: mannan and glucan fungi：chitin Flagellum Cytomembrane 9+2 type sterol

Cytoplasma and Cell Nucleous lysosome microbody lomasome hydrogenosome vacuole microfilum mitochondria

lysosome microbody lomasome hydrogenosome Cytoplasma and Cell Nucleous vacuole microfilum mitochondria

Section 1 Filamentous fungi-Molds Fungi also are extensive to distribute in moist place and are very important to mankind,the current benefit is again harmful.At the vegetative stage,the fungi mainly exit in a form of hypha.Mold is the popularized name of filamentous fungi.There are filamentous fungi nearly throughout the world

Section 1 Filamentous fungi——Molds Fungi also are extensive to distribute in moist place and are very important to mankind, the current benefit is again harmful. At the vegetative stage, the fungi mainly exit in a form of hypha. Mold is the popularized name of filamentous fungi. There are filamentous fungi nearly throughout the world

Vegetative bodies Septate hyphae and Mycelium non-septate hyphae Cited from"Taxonomic illustration of the fungal genus"edited by Zhou Maofan (1983)

Cited from “Taxonomic illustration of the fungal genus” edited by Zhou Maofan（1983） Mycelium Septate hyphae and non-septate hyphae Vegetative bodies