南京师范大学：《微生物学》课程PPT教学课件（英文版）Chapter 8 Microbial Genetics

MICROBIOLOGY Chapter 8.Microbial Genetics by Weilan Shao

MICROBIOLOGY Chapter 8. Microbial Genetics by Weilan Shao

Definition review Genetics is the science of heredity,it is concerned with the physical and chemical properties of the hereditary material,how this material is transmitted from one generation to the next,and how the information it contains is expressed during the development of an individual. Stanley R Maloy et al.,in MICROBIAL GENETICS,1994

Definition review Genetics is the science of heredity; it is concerned with the physical and chemical properties of the hereditary material, how this material is transmitted from one generation to the next, and how the information it contains is expressed during the development of an individual. - Stanley R Maloy et al., in MICROBIAL GENETICS, 1994

MICROBIOLOGY Chapter 8.Microbial Genetics IV.Applications of Microbial Genetics

MICROBIOLOGY Chapter 8. Microbial Genetics IV. Applications of Microbial Genetics

Main topics: BREEDING BY INDUCED MUTATI BREAKTHROUGHS LEADINGTO RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY STRATEGIES OF USING RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNIQUES PRODUCTIONS OF RECOMBINANT PROTEINS GENETIC MODIFICATION OF ORGANISMS

Main topics: BREEDING BY INDUCED MUTATION BREAKTHROUGHS LEADING TO RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY STRATEGIES OF USING RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNIQUES PRODUCTIONS OF RECOMBINANT PROTEINS GENETIC MODIFICATION OF ORGANISMS

Main topics: BREEDING BY INDUCED MUTATI BREAKTHROUGHS RECOM STRAT MBINANT PRODUCTIONS RECOMBINANT PROTEINS GENETIC MODIFICATION OF ORGANISMS

Main topics: BREEDING BY INDUCED MUTATION BREAKTHROUGHS LEADING TO RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY STRATEGIES OF USING RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNIQUES PRODUCTIONS OF RECOMBINANT PROTEINS GENETIC MODIFICATION OF ORGANISMS

A"classical"genetic technique for strain breeding Physical agents Mutagenic agents e.g.X-rays,y-rays,UV Chemical mutagens e.g.base analogs,nitrous acid, alkylating,arylating agents

A “classical” genetic technique for strain breeding Physical agents Mutagenic agents e.g. X-rays, g-rays, UV Chemical mutagens e.g. base analogs, nitrous acid, alkylating, arylating agents

EXAMPLE UV Damage photoreactivation of DNA Photolyase Adjacent thymine residues Cyclobutane thymine dimer Adjacent thymine residues

UVL VL Photolyase UV Damage & photoreactivation of DNA EXAMPLE

Procedures for UV mutagenesis UV lamp Starting Stirrer Plating cells selection Exposed to UV

Induced mutation of Penicillium chrysogenum Breeding of strain NRRL-B25 for production of penicillin Strain Mutagen Yield (U/ml) Time NRRL-B25 250 1943 NRRL-X1612 X-rays 500 1943 NRRL-Q176 UV light 850 1945 NRRL-WIS-47-1564 UV light 850 1947 50000 1977

Induced mutation of Penicillium chrysogenum Breeding of strain NRRL-B25 for production of penicillin Strain Mutagen Yield (U/ml) Time NRRL-B25 250 1943 NRRL-X1612 X-rays 500 1943 NRRL-Q176 UV light 850 1945 NRRL-WIS-47-1564 UV light 850 1947 - - 50000 1977

Advantages Industrial strain can be improved to a good level of production before related genetic information is obtained. This is very important for fermentation of metabolites,especially for 2nd metabolites

Advantages Industrial strain can be improved to a good level of production before related genetic information is obtained. This is very important for fermentation of metabolites, especially for 2 nd metabolites