重庆医科大学：《病理学》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）Cell injury

国重走普升大子 ongqing Med山eal Univers Adaptation and Injury of cell and tissue Depart.Of Pathol.CQMU

Adaptation and Injury of cell and tissue Depart. Of Pathol. CQMU

重蹇等科大晕 Cellular adaptation If the cell encounters excessive physiologic stresses or certain pathologic stimuli,it can constantly modify its structure and function in response to changing demands and stresses. Cellular adaptation is a state that lies intermediate between the normal,unstressed cell and the injured,overstressed cell

Cellular adaptation If the cell encounters excessive physiologic stresses or certain pathologic stimuli, it can constantly modify its structure and function in response to changing demands and stresses. Cellular adaptation is a state that lies intermediate between the normal, unstressed cell and the injured, overstressed cell

烟声走华利大辱 gqing Med山cal Univers西 Physiological-usually in response to a normal stimulation for example:hormone stimuli ect. Pathological-a response to a stress in the cells environment

Physiological – usually in response to a normal stimulation for example: hormone stimuli ect. Pathological – a response to a stress in the cells environment

重蹇等科大学 1.Atrophy Definition: Atrophy is the opposite of hypertrophy,in that individual cells decrease in size,and may lose function,due to disuse,denervation or interruption of trophic signals,ischemia,or chronic injury

1.Atrophy Definition: Atrophy is the opposite of hypertrophy, in that individual cells decrease in size, and may lose function, due to disuse, denervation or interruption of trophic signals, ischemia, or chronic injury

烟声走华种大 ngqing Med山cal University Mechanisms of atrophy: -Decreased synthesis -Increased catabolism

Mechanisms of atrophy: –Decreased synthesis –Increased catabolism

重麦等科大导 ongging Medical University Type: (1)Physiological atrophy Physiological atrophy occurrs at times from very early embryological life,as part of the process of morphogenesis,into late old age,where its results are regarded as the bane of existence

Type: (1)Physiological atrophy Physiological atrophy occurrs at times from very early embryological life, as part of the process of morphogenesis, into late old age,where its results are regarded as the bane of existence

重蹇暗科大图 Tissues involved in phsiological atrophy Embryo and fetus Neonate Early adult late adult and old age Branchial clefts Umbillical Thymus Uterus,endometrium(female) vessels Testes(male) Notochord Bone(particularly female) Thyroglossal duct Ductus Gums Mullerian arteriosus Mandible(particularly edentulous) duct(males) Fetal layer Cerebrum Molffian duct adrenal Lymphoid tissue cortex (females)

Tissues involved in phsiological atrophy Embryo and fetus Neonate Early adult late adult and old age Branchial clefts Notochord Thyroglossal duct Mullerian duct(males) Molffian duct (females) Umbillical vessels Ductus arteriosus Fetal layer adrenal cortex Thymus Uterus, endometrium(female) Testes(male) Bone(particularly female) Gums Mandible(particularly edentulous) Cerebrum Lymphoid tissue

重麦等科大昂 hongqing Medical University (2) Pathological atrophy There are several categories of pathological condition in which atrophy may occur

(2） Pathological atrophy There are several categories of pathological condition in which atrophy may occur

国重走普升大子 hongqing Medical University Decreased function 2 Loss of innervation ③ Loss of blood supply ④ 'Pressure'atrophy ⑤ Lake of nutrition(Cachexia) 6 Loss of endocrine stimulation(Simmond's disease) 7 Aging(Alzheimer disease)

① Decreased function ② Loss of innervation ③ Loss of blood supply ④ ‘Pressure’ atrophy ⑤ Lake of nutrition(Cachexia) ⑥ Loss of endocrine stimulation(Simmond’s disease) ⑦ Aging(Alzheimer disease)

重麦等科大昂 ongging Medical University Pathological changes Gross (Atrophy of heart) 1The heart size is obviously decreased 2A shrinkage brown appearance 3Epicardium and coronary blood vessels are shrinking 4The weight of heart is decreased

Pathological changes Gross (Atrophy of heart) ①The heart size is obviously decreased ②A shrinkage brown appearance ③Epicardium and coronary blood vessels are shrinking ④The weight of heart is decreased