镇静催眠药（PPT课件讲稿）Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs

C门C 我要学习 啦 Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs Zhang Bin Institute of Pharmacology School of medicine Shandong University

1 Zhang Bin Institute of Pharmacology School of Medicine Shandong University Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs

Insomnia 指尽管有充分的睡眠条件和环境却存在对睡眠时间和质 量不满足,并影响到自天社会功能的一种主观体验。 Symptoms of insomnia: 1. have trouble falling asleep 2. have trouble staying asleep 3. early morning waking 4. daytime drowsiness(嗜睡), fatigue or difficulty concentrating

2 Insomnia Symptoms of insomnia： 1. have trouble falling asleep 2. have trouble staying asleep 3. early morning waking 4. daytime drowsiness (嗜睡), fatigue or difficulty concentrating 指尽管有充分的睡眠条件和环境却存在对睡眠时间和质 量不满足，并影响到白天社会功能的一种主观体验

Potential complications of insomnia Complications of Insomnia 8月21日 Psychological Other Lower performance Overweight or obesit s世界睡日 Slowed reaction time Risk of depression Risk of anxiety disorder World sleep Day High blood pressure Poor immune Risk of system function heart disease Risk of diabetes

3 Potential complications of insomnia World Sleep Day

天天晚上失眠 我都快崩溃了! Causes of insomnia y 安眠药 1. Psychological problems: anxiety 2. Medical problems 3. Medication anxiety: the most common cause

4 1. Psychological problems: anxiety 2. Medical problems 3. Medication anxiety: the most common cause Causes of insomnia

Sedative-hypnotic drugs Definition CNS depression(dose-dependent Its major therapeutic use is to cause sedation(with concomitant relief of anxiety) small dose encourage sleep-large dose

5 CNS depression (dose-dependent) Its major therapeutic use is to cause ➢ sedation (with concomitant relief of anxiety) — small dose ➢ encourage sleep — large dose Definition Sedative-hypnotic drugs

Classifications Benzodiazepines(Bz,苯二氮草类) Barbiturates(巴比妥类) I Others some are popular

6 ▪ Benzodiazepines (BZ，苯二氮卓类): ▪ Barbiturates (巴比妥类) ▪ Others some are popular Classifications

haracteristics ch 1. Graded dose-dependent depression of cNs function Coma g Anesthesia 000z0 Drug B enosIs Sedation Increasing dose Dose-response curves for two hypothetical sedative-hypnotics Drug A: barbiturates Drug B: benzodiazepines and certain newer hypnotics

7 1. Graded dose-dependent depression of CNS function Characteristics Dose-response curves for two hypothetical sedative-hypnotics Drug A: barbiturates Drug B: benzodiazepines and certain newer hypnotics

Ratio of lethal dose to effective dose for phenobarbital and diazepam Benzodiazepines are relativel safe, because the lethal dose is over 1000-fold greater than the typical therapeutic dose. Phenobarbital Diazepam 02040 1000 Ratio Lethal dose Effective dose

8 Ratio of lethal dose to effective dose for phenobarbital and diazepam

2. Different influences on sleep phases 3. Tolerance 4. Dependence Physiological dependence withdrawal symptoms Psychological dependence

9 *2. Different influences on sleep phases 3. Tolerance 4. Dependence Physiological dependence withdrawal symptoms Psychological dependence

Phases of sleep 1. NREMS( non rapid eye movement sleep,非快动眼睡眠) sWs( slow wave sleep,慢波睡眠) Stages1-4(入睡期、浅睡期、中度睡眠期、深度睡眠期) Characterists. Play roles in eliminating the fatigue and promote growth night-waking(夜惊), sleep-walking(梦游, somnambu|ism) occur in stage 3 and 4 y shorten stage 3 and 4 will clean up night-waking and sleep-walking 10

10 ➢ Play roles in eliminating the fatigue and promote growth ➢ night-waking（夜惊）, sleep-walking（梦游, somnambulism） occur in stage 3 and 4 SWS ( slow wave sleep，慢波睡眠) ➢ shorten stage 3 and 4 will clean up night-waking and sleep-walking. Characterists: Stages 1- 4 (入睡期、浅睡期、中度睡眠期、深度睡眠期) 1. NREMS (non rapid eye movement sleep, 非快动眼睡眠) Phases of sleep