《分子生物学》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）Chapter 1 Introduction of Molecular Biology

Chapter One: Introduction of Molecular Biology Guojing Li College of Life Sciences

Chapter One: Introduction of Molecular Biology Guojing Li College of Life Sciences

农大主页一网络教学 输入用户名 点击生工院 和密码 点击分子生物学 点击教学材料·点击理论教程 （生科，李国婧)》 一下载课件

农大主页 网络教学 输入用户名 和密码 点击生工院 点击分子生物学 （生科，李国婧） 点击教学材料 点击理论教程 下载课件

Contents 1 Definition of Molecular Biology 2 Brief History of Molecular Biology 3 Relationship between Molecular Biology and other disciplines 4 Prospects of Molecular Biology

Contents 1 Definition of Molecular Biology 2 Brief History of Molecular Biology 3 Relationship between Molecular Biology and other disciplines 4 Prospects of Molecular Biology

Key Points: Definition of Molecular Biology (*) Brief history of Molecular Biology > Relationship between Molecular Biology and other disciplines (* >Prospects of Molecular Biology

➢ Definition of Molecular Biology （*） ➢ Brief history of Molecular Biology ➢ Relationship between Molecular Biology and other disciplines（*） ➢ Prospects of Molecular Biology Key Points:

1 Definition of Molecular Biology The attempt to understand the biological phenomena in molecular terms. The study on the process of DNA replication, transcription,translation and expression regulation and related proteins or enzymes. The study of gene structure and function at the molecular level. -Robert Weaver

1 Definition of Molecular Biology The attempt to understand the biological phenomena in molecular terms. The study on the process of DNA replication, transcription, translation and expression regulation and related proteins or enzymes. The study of gene structure and function at the molecular level. -Robert Weaver

2 Brief History of Molecular Biology Stage1:Preparation准备和酝酿阶段 Stage 2:Establishing and developing of contemporary Molecular Biology.现代分子生 物学的建立和发展阶段 Stage 3:Primary understanding of the nature of life and modification of life-deep development stage初步认迟生命本质并开始改 造生命的深入发展阶段 Stage4:Post-genome era后基因组时代

Stage 1: Preparation准备和酝酿阶段 Stage 2: Establishing and developing of contemporary Molecular Biology现代分子生 物学的建立和发展阶段 Stage 3: Primary understanding of the nature of life and modification of life-deep development stage初步认识生命本质并开始改 造生命的深入发展阶段 Stage 4: Post-genome era后基因组时代 2 Brief History of Molecular Biology

Molecular biology is a hybrid discipline,it grew out of the disciplines of genetics and biochemistry

Molecular biology is a hybrid discipline, it grew out of the disciplines of genetics and biochemistry

Stage 1:Preparation From late1900 s to early1950s(19世纪后期到 20世纪50年代初) Confirmed that protein is one of the fundamental materials of life.确定了蛋白质是 生命的主要基础物质（经典生物化学的贡献） Confirmed that DNA is the nature of genetic material.确定了生物遗传的物质基础是 DNA(经典遗传学的贡献)

From late 1900s to early 1950s (19世纪后期到 20世纪50年代初) • Confirmed that protein is one of the fundamental materials of life. 确定了蛋白质是 生命的主要基础物质 (经典生物化学的贡献) • Confirmed that DNA is the nature of genetic material. 确定了生物遗传的物质基础是 DNA(经典遗传学的贡献) Stage 1: Preparation

In 1989,Buchner brothers confirmed that yeast cell-free extracts could make glucose fermentation and produce alcohol In 1926,J.B.Sumner obtained urokinase crystal from jack bean从刀豆获得了结晶的尿酶 In 1955,F.Sanger sequenced the amino acids of calf insulin牛胰岛素的氨基酸序列分析 Kendrew peruts obtained the structure of whale muscle hemoglobin and horse hemoglobin by x-ray diffraction analysis or x-ray crystallography X- 线分析得到鲸肌红蛋白与马血红蛋白的空间结构

In 1989, Buchner brothers confirmed that yeast cell-free extracts could make glucose fermentation and produce alcohol In 1926, J. B. Sumner obtained urokinase crystal from jack bean 从刀豆获得了结晶的尿酶 In 1955, F. Sanger sequenced the amino acids of calf insulin 牛胰岛素的氨基酸序列分析 Kendrew & peruts obtained the structure of whale muscle hemoglobin and horse hemoglobin by x-ray diffraction analysis or x-ray crystallography 用X-射 线分析得到鲸肌红蛋白与马血红蛋白的空间结构

In 1869,Miescher isolated DNA from used patient badges for the first time and named it nuc/ein. In 1910,Kossel from Germany isolated the adenine, thymine and histidine腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶和组氨酸。 In late 1890,biochemists already knew the components and the structure of RNA Friedrich Miescher.(Source:National Library of Medicine.)

In 1869, Miescher isolated DNA from used patient badges for the first time and named it nuclein. In 1910, Kossel from Germany isolated the adenine, thymine and histidine 腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶和组氨酸。 In late 1890, biochemists already knew the components and the structure of RNA