《医药学基础》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）The Vascular System

The Vascular System College of Life Sciences Yuting Cui

The Vascular System College of Life Sciences Yuting Cui

The Cardiovascular System The cardiovascular system is a closed circular system. Confined to the heart and the numerous vessels,blood continuously travels a circular route through the heart,into arteries,then to capillaries,into veins,and back to the heart Normally,blood does not leave this system,although some of the fluid part of the blood does pass through the walls of the capillaries to join the tissue fluid between the cells

The Cardiovascular System The cardiovascular system is a closed circular system. Confined to the heart and the numerous vessels, blood continuously travels a circular route through the heart, into arteries, then to capillaries, into veins, and back to the heart. Normally, blood does not leave this system, although some of the fluid part of the blood does pass through the walls of the capillaries to join the tissue fluid between the cells

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Organization of the cardiovascular system The Cardiovascular system comprises the heart and blood vessels.The blood vessels consist Acoaonam of arteries,veins and capillaries The heart is a hollow,muscular organ situated within the thorax. V.cava intario Its contraction expels blood to all M:papllaris postene parts of the body through a complicated series of tubes, termed arteries

Organization of the cardiovascular system The Cardiovascular system comprises the heart and blood vessels. The blood vessels consist of arteries, veins and capillaries. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ situated within the thorax. Its contraction expels blood to all parts of the body through a complicated series of tubes, termed arteries

Organization of The Cardiovascular System In order to function as a pump,the heart must have both receiving and delivery chambers,valves to direct the flow of blood through the heart,a wall that is strongly compressible and thus provides the force to propel blood,and vessels to deliver blood to and from the heart.The heart consists of four chambers:right and left atria and right and left ventricles,of which two are receiving and two are distributing chambers.The right and left atria receive the blood from the great veins and expel it into the right and left ventricles.From the ventricles the blood is pumped into the arterial system and carried to the various organs of the body

Organization of The Cardiovascular System In order to function as a pump, the heart must have both receiving and delivery chambers, valves to direct the flow of blood through the heart, a wall that is strongly compressible and thus provides the force to propel blood, and vessels to deliver blood to and from the heart. The heart consists of four chambers: right and left atria and right and left ventricles, of which two are receiving and two are distributing chambers. The right and left atria receive the blood from the great veins and expel it into the right and left ventricles. From the ventricles the blood is pumped into the arterial system and carried to the various organs of the body

Organization of The Cardiovascular System The arteries carry blood away from the heart.They transport blood to the various body tissues under high pressure exerted by the pumping action of the heart.It is,therefore,imperative that they possess strong,elastic walls to insure fast,efficient blood flow to the tissues.Compared to the other types of blood vessels, arteries must be able to withstand the greatest internal pressrue. After the blood has passed through the capillaries,it is collected into a series of minute vessels,called venules,which join with one another to form veins.The major veins return blood to the atria of the heart.The veins unite with one another,and ultimately two large venous trunks,named the superior and inferior venae cavae, are formed,which convey the blood to the heart

Organization of The Cardiovascular System The arteries carry blood away from the heart. They transport blood to the various body tissues under high pressure exerted by the pumping action of the heart. It is, therefore, imperative that they possess strong, elastic walls to insure fast, efficient blood flow to the tissues. Compared to the other types of blood vessels, arteries must be able to withstand the greatest internal pressrue. After the blood has passed through the capillaries, it is collected into a series of minute vessels, called venules, which join with one another to form veins. The major veins return blood to the atria of the heart. The veins unite with one another, and ultimately two large venous trunks, named the superior and inferior venae cavae, are formed, which convey the blood to the heart

Organization of The Cardiovascular System The superior and inferior venae cavae bring to the right atrium the blood which has become deoxygenated and taken up carbon dioxide during its circulation through the tissues of the body.From the right atrium this venous blood passes into the right ventricle,by which it is expelled into the pulmonary trunk to be conveyed to the lungs.As it circulates through the pulmonary capillaries the blood is brought into close relationship with the inspired air and it gives off some of its carbon dioxide and acquires a fresh supply of oxygen.This oxygenated blood is returned by the pulmonary veins to the left atrium and thence passes into left ventricle.With each beat of the heart the left ventricle pumps its contents into the aorta,which distributes blood through its numerous branches to all the tissues and organs of the body

Organization of The Cardiovascular System The superior and inferior venae cavae bring to the right atrium the blood which has become deoxygenated and taken up carbon dioxide during its circulation through the tissues of the body. From the right atrium this venous blood passes into the right ventricle, by which it is expelled into the pulmonary trunk to be conveyed to the lungs. As it circulates through the pulmonary capillaries the blood is brought into close relationship with the inspired air and it gives off some of its carbon dioxide and acquires a fresh supply of oxygen. This oxygenated blood is returned by the pulmonary veins to the left atrium and thence passes into left ventricle. With each beat of the heart the left ventricle pumps its contents into the aorta, which distributes blood through its numerous branches to all the tissues and organs of the body

Systemic Circulation and Pulmonary Circulation Systemic Circulation:Left ventricle- aorta-Systemic blood capillary-vena cava-right atrium. Pulmonary Circulation: Right ventricle-pulmonary artery-Pulmonary blood capillary-pulmonary vein-left atrium

Systemic Circulation and Pulmonary Circulation Systemic Circulation: Left ventricle￾aorta-Systemic blood capillary-vena cava-right atrium. Pulmonary Circulation: Right ventricle-pulmonary artery-Pulmonary blood capillary-pulmonary vein-left atrium

Pumping Function of Heart 0 0.4 0.8 Atrium Ventricle Cardiac Cycle Yellow represents systole and green represents diastole

Pumping Function of Heart Atrium Ventricle 0 0.4 0.8 Cardiac Cycle Yellow represents systole and green represents diastole