《医药学基础》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）The Alimentary System

The Alimentary System College of Life Sciences Yuting Cui

The Alimentary System College of Life Sciences Yuting Cui

Introduction Every cell in the body requires a constant source of energy in order to perform its particular functions-these functions are contraction,secretion,synthesis,or any other.Ingested food provides the basic materials from which this energy is produced and new molecules are synthesized. Most food,however,cannot enter the bloodstream and be used by the cells of the body until it is broken down into simpler molecules

Introduction Every cell in the body requires a constant source of energy in order to perform its particular functions—these functions are contraction, secretion, synthesis, or any other. Ingested food provides the basic materials from which this energy is produced and new molecules are synthesized. Most food, however, cannot enter the bloodstream and be used by the cells of the body until it is broken down into simpler molecules

Introduction The digestive system alters the ingested food by mechanical and chemical processes so that it can ultimately cross the wall of the gastrointestinal tract and enter the blood vascular and lymphatic systems.The vascular system then carries these food molecules through the hepatic portal vein to the liver before distributing them to cells throughout the body.After entering the cells,the digested food molecules may be reassembled into proteins,carbohydrates,and lipids,or they may be used in the production of energy to support body activity

Introduction The digestive system alters the ingested food by mechanical and chemical processes so that it can ultimately cross the wall of the gastrointestinal tract and enter the blood vascular and lymphatic systems. The vascular system then carries these food molecules through the hepatic portal vein to the liver before distributing them to cells throughout the body. After entering the cells, the digested food molecules may be reassembled into proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, or they may be used in the production of energy to support body activity

Introduction Constitution: 1.Alimentary canal and certain accessory organs. 2.Alimentary glands. The alimentary system (or digestive system)comprises the alimentary canal (gastrointestinal tract)and certain accessory organs including lips and cheeks,palate,tongue,and teeth,as well as glands(salivary glands,liver and pancreas)

Introduction Constitution: 1. Alimentary canal and certain accessory organs. 2. Alimentary glands. The alimentary system (or digestive system) comprises the alimentary canal (gastrointestinal tract) and certain accessory organs including lips and cheeks, palate, tongue, and teeth, as well as glands (salivary glands, liver and pancreas)

The General Structure of The Alimentary Canal →Stratum Mucosum →Stratum Submucosum Circular Muscle Muscular Longitudinal Muscle J Layer Outer Membrane

The General Structure of The Alimentary Canal Stratum Mucosum Stratum Submucosum Muscular Layer Outer Membrane Circular Muscle Longitudinal Muscle

Anatomy of The Alimentary Canal The alimentary canal about 9 m long extends from the mouth to the anus It consists of the following 6 parts: The mouth The pharynx The esophagus The stomach Small intestine:is divided into three parts:the duodenum, jejunum,and ileum Large intestine

Anatomy of The Alimentary Canal The alimentary canal about 9 m long extends from the mouth to the anus. It consists of the following 6 parts: The mouth The pharynx The esophagus The stomach Small intestine: is divided into three parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Large intestine

The Oral Cavity frenulum of upper lip greater palatine n "palatine gland greater palatine a. The oral cavity hard palate (mouth)is the first part esver palatine a soft palate of the digestive tract.It palatopharyngealarch extends from the lips to palatoglossal arch the oropharynx. palatineo lingual tonsil musculus uvulae vallate papillae foliate papillac filiform papillae

The Oral Cavity The o ral cavity (mouth) is the first part of the digestive tract. It extends from the lips to the oropharynx

The Oral Cavity Division:Oral vestibule and Oral cavity prope. Oral vestibule:an outer,smaller part.It is a slit-like space, bounded externally by the oral lips and cheeks,internally by the gums and teeth.It communicates with the exterior by the oral fissure. When the teeth are occluded it communicates with the oral cavity proper by an aperture behind the 3rd molar teeth on each side,and by narrow clefts between contiguous teeth. On the inner surface of the cheek,opposite the crown of 2nd upper molar tooth,a small papilla marks the opening of the parotid duct

The Oral Cavity Division: Oral vestibule and Oral cavity prope. Oral vestibule: an outer, smaller part. It is a slit-like space, bounded externally by the oral lips and cheeks, internally by the gums and teeth. It communicates with the exterior by the oral fissure. When the teeth are occluded it communicates with the oral cavity proper by an aperture behind the 3rd molar teeth on each side, and by narrow clefts between contiguous teeth. On the inner surface of the cheek, opposite the crown of 2nd upper molar tooth, a small papilla marks the opening of the parotid duct

The Oral Cavity Division:Oral vestibule and Oral cavity prope. Oral cavity proper:an inner,large part.It is bounded laterally and in front by the alveolar arches,the teeth and gums;behind, it communicates with the pharynx by isthmus of fauces (the oropharyngeal isthmus)between the palatoglossal arches. The roof of the oral cavity consists of the hard palate and soft palate,while the greater part of the floor is formed by the tongue

The Oral Cavity Division: Oral vestibule and Oral cavity prope. Oral cavity proper: an inner, large part. It is bounded laterally and in front by the alveolar arches, the teeth and gums; behind, it communicates with the pharynx by isthmus of fauces (the oropharyngeal isthmus) between the palatoglossal arches. The roof of the oral cavity consists of the hard palate and soft palate, while the greater part of the floor is formed by the tongue