安顺学院：《英语语言学基础 Foundation of English Linguistics》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿）chapter 3 Morphology

Review Questions 1.How are English consonants classified? 2.How are English Vowels classified?

Review Questions 1. How are English consonants classified? 2. How are English Vowels classified?

Chapter 3 Morphology

Chapter 3 Morphology

3.1 Morphology

3.1 Morphology

3.1.1 Word

3.1.1 Word

What is a word? Bloomfield defined a word as a minimum free form",that is the smallest form that can occur by itself. word=sound +meaning Eg.Go---[gau]meaning (where to go) Go,goes,going Go as a free form/root

What is a word? Bloomfield defined a word as a “minimum free form”, that is the smallest form that can occur by itself. word=sound +meaning Eg. Go---[gəu] + meaning (where to go) Go, goes, going Go as a free form/root

dentification of words 词的特点 Stability Relative uninterruptibility A minimum free form

Identification of words 词的特点 Stability Relative uninterruptibility A minimum free form

Classification of words Variable and invariable words 可变词和不变词 Grammatical words and lexical words 语法词和词汇词 (function words and content words 功能词和实义词) Closed-class words and open- class words 封闭类词和开放类词

Classification of words Variable and invariable words 可变词和不变词 Grammatical words and lexical words 语法词和词汇词 (function words and content words 功能词和实义词) Closed-class words and open￾class words 封闭类词和开放类词

Variable and invariable words r Variable words have inflective endings,i.e.part of the word remains constant while the other part changes regularly to fulfill different grammatical functions. happy---happier---happiest interest---interesting---interested Invariable words,such as since, when,hello,do not have inflective endings

Variable and invariable words Variable words have inflective endings, i.e. part of the word remains constant while the other part changes regularly to fulfill different grammatical functions. happy---happier---happiest interest---interesting---interested Invariable words, such as since, when, hello, do not have inflective endings

Grammatical words and lexical words 语法词和词汇词 (function words and content words 功能词和实义词)

Grammatical words and lexical words 语法词和词汇词 (function words and content words 功能词和实义词)

Grammatical words and lexical words Grammatical words are those expressing grammatical meanings, like conjunctions,prepositions,and pronouns. rLexical words are those having lexical meanings,i.e.referring to substance,action and quality(性质)， like nouns,verbs,adjectives and adverbs

Grammatical words and lexical words Grammatical words are those expressing grammatical meanings, like conjunctions, prepositions, and pronouns. Lexical words are those having lexical meanings, i.e. referring to substance, action and quality(性质), like nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs