复旦大学：《儿科学》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿，双语版）第五讲 小儿血液系统疾病

Hematologic diseases of children 小儿血液系统疾病 Associated Professor Lu Feng Juan Childrens Hospital, Fudan University 复旦大学附属儿科医院

Hematologic diseases of Children 小儿血液系统疾病 Associated Professor Lu Feng Juan Children`s Hospital, Fudan University

Hematologic Disorders of Children 小儿血液系统疾病 Diseases of erythrocytic system 红细胞系统疾病 Hematopoietic substances deficiency; 造血原料缺乏; Nutritional iron deficiency anemia 营养性缺铁性贫血 nutritional megaloblastic anemia 营养性巨幼性贫血 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

Hematologic Disorders of Children 小儿血液系统疾病 • Diseases of erythrocytic system: • 红细胞系统疾病： * Hematopoietic substances deficiency; * 造血原料缺乏; Nutritional iron deficiency anemia 营养性缺铁性贫血 nutritional megaloblastic anemia 营养性巨幼性贫血

Anerythropoiesis 红细胞生成减少; aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血 Pure erythrocytic aplastic anemia 纯红再障 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

* Anerythropoiesis; * 红细胞生成减少; aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血 Pure erythrocytic aplastic anemia 纯红再障

x Excessive destroy of erythrocytes 红细胞破坏过多 hemolytic anemia 溶血性贫血 x blood loss. 次失血; acute chronic blood loss 急慢性失血 x tumors of the bone marrow of bone marrow metastasis 骨髖自身肿瘤肿瘤或骨转移 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

* Excessive destroy of erythrocytes; * 红细胞破坏过多; hemolytic anemia 溶血性贫血 * blood loss; * 失血 ; acute & chronic blood loss 急慢性失血 * tumors of the bone marrow of bone marrow metastasis 骨髓自身肿瘤 肿瘤或骨转移

Disorders of the white blood cells 白细胞性疾病 k hematologic malignancy 次血液系统恶性肿瘤; acute chronic leukemia 急慢性白血病 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

• Disorders of the white blood cells： • 白细胞性疾病： * hematologic malignancy ; * 血液系统恶性肿瘤; acute & chronic leukemia 急慢性白血病

Bleeding and coagulation disorders: 出凝血疾病: Endogenous coagulation factors deficiency 内源性凝血因子缺乏 hemophilia 血友病 Disorders of platelet production; 血小板生成障碍 Thrombocytopenic purpura 血小板减少性紫癜 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

• Bleeding and coagulation disorders： • 出凝血疾病： * Endogenous coagulation factors deficiency ; 内源性凝血因子缺乏; hemophilia 血友病 * Disorders of platelet production; 血小板生成障碍; Thrombocytopenic purpura 血小板减少性紫癜

blood characteristics of infants and children 婴儿和儿童期血家特点 Content of erythrocyte count and hemoglobin 红细胞数和血红蛋白含量 Content of rbc and hb at 2 weeks after birth is the same as those of umbilical blood 新生儿生后2周时的RBC和含量与脐血相同 There is slight anemia 2-3months after birth (physiologic anemia) 生后2-3月时出现轻度贫血(生理性贫血) Recover to normal at 6 month of age and reach the level of adult by 12 years of age 6个月时恢复。12岁时达成人水平 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

blood characteristics of infants and children 婴儿和儿童期血象特点 • Content of erythrocyte count and hemoglobin • 红细胞数和血红蛋白含量 ► Content of RBC and Hb at 2 weeks after birth is the same as those of umbilical blood 新生儿生后2周时的RBC和Hb含量与脐血相同 ► There is slight anemia 2-3months after birth （physiologic anemia） 生后2－3月时出现轻度贫血（生理性贫血） ► Recover to normal at 6 month of age and reach the level of adult by 12 years of age 6个月时恢复，12岁时达成人水平

hemoglobin pattern and content of hemoglobin in various age period 各不同年龄的血红蛩白种类含量 HbA HbF HbA. 2 (A2B2)%(a2r2)%(a 22)% 6 months fetus 5-10 90 newborn 30 70 3mon-lyear 95 5 2-3 2years-adult 95 2 2-3 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

hemoglobin pattern and content of hemoglobin in various age period 各不同年龄的血红蛋白种类含量 HbA (Α2β2) % HbF (α2 r 2 ) % HbA2 (α2 2 ) % 6 months fetus 5-10 90 newborn 30 70 1 3mon-1year 95 5 2-3 2years-adult 95 2 2-3

White blood count and differentiation 白细胞数及分类 s White blood cells count is higher at birth: 15 20×109L 初生时白细胞总数较高15-20×109 Average of 12 x 10/Lat 1 week of age 一周时平均为12×109/L Maintain at 10 x 10/Lin infancy and young children 婴幼儿维持在10×109L *e approximate 4-10 x 10/L of the adult level after 8 years of age 8岁后接近成人4-10×109/L (國)复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

• White blood count and differentiation • 白细胞数及分类 * White blood cells count is higher at birth:15－ 20×109 /L 初生时白细胞总数较高15－20×109 /L * Average of 12×109 /L at 1 week of age 一周时平均为12×109/L * Maintain at 10×109 /L in infancy and young children 婴幼儿维持在10×109/L * Approximate 4－10×109 /L of the adult level after 8 years of age 8岁后接近成人4－10×109/L

Lymphocyte % 70605040302 5 years 5 da Neutrophil 246810 23481014 days years 0 The two cross-over of neutrophils and lyphocytes during childhood

2 4 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 8 10 14 7 0 6 0 5 0 4 0 3 0 2 0 1 0 % Lymphocyte Neutrophil 5 years 5 days days years The two cross-over of neutrophils and lyphocytes during childhood