复旦大学：《儿科学》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿，双语版）第四讲 小儿血液系统疾病

Hematologic diseases of children 小儿血液系统疾病 Associated professor Lu Feng Quan Pediathle faulty ShanghaiIMedical Eollege Fud

Pediatric faculty, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Hematologic diseases of Children 小儿血液系统疾病 Associated Professor Lu Feng Quan

Hematologic Disorders of Children 小儿血液系统疾病 Diseases of erythrocytic system 红细胞系统疾病 Hematopoietic substances deficiency; 造血原料缺乏; Nutritional iron deficiency anemia 营养性缺铁性贫血 nutritional megaloblastic anemia 营养性巨幼性贫血 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

Hematologic Disorders of Children 小儿血液系统疾病 • Diseases of erythrocytic system: • 红细胞系统疾病： * Hematopoietic substances deficiency; * 造血原料缺乏; Nutritional iron deficiency anemia 营养性缺铁性贫血 nutritional megaloblastic anemia 营养性巨幼性贫血

Anerythropoiesis 红细胞生成减少; aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血 Pure erythrocytic aplastic anemia 纯红再障 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

* Anerythropoiesis; * 红细胞生成减少; aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血 Pure erythrocytic aplastic anemia 纯红再障

x Excessive destroy of erythrocytes 红细胞破坏过多 hemolytic anemia 溶血性贫血 x blood loss. 次失血; acute chronic blood loss 急慢性失血 x tumors of the bone marrow of bone marrow metastasis 骨髖自身肿瘤肿瘤或骨转移 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

* Excessive destroy of erythrocytes; * 红细胞破坏过多; hemolytic anemia 溶血性贫血 * blood loss; * 失血 ; acute & chronic blood loss 急慢性失血 * tumors of the bone marrow of bone marrow metastasis 骨髓自身肿瘤 肿瘤或骨转移

Disorders of the white blood cells 白细胞性疾病 k hematologic malignancy 次血液系统恶性肿瘤; acute chronic leukemia 急慢性白血病 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

• Disorders of the white blood cells： • 白细胞性疾病： * hematologic malignancy ; * 血液系统恶性肿瘤; acute & chronic leukemia 急慢性白血病

Bleeding and coagulation disorders: 出凝血疾病: Endogenous coagulation factors deficiency 内源性凝血因子缺乏 hemophilia 血友病 Disorders of platelet production; 血小板生成障碍 Thrombocytopenic purpura 血小板减少性紫癜 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

• Bleeding and coagulation disorders： • 出凝血疾病： * Endogenous coagulation factors deficiency ; 内源性凝血因子缺乏; hemophilia 血友病 * Disorders of platelet production; 血小板生成障碍; Thrombocytopenic purpura 血小板减少性紫癜

blood characteristics of infants and children 婴儿和儿童期血家特点 Content of erythrocyte count and hemoglobin 红细胞数和血红蛋白含量 Content of rbc and hb at 2 weeks after birth is the same as those of umbilical blood 新生儿生后2周时的RBC和含量与脐血相同 There is slight anemia 2-3months after birth (physiologic anemia) 生后2-3月时出现轻度贫血(生理性贫血) Recover to normal at 6 month of age and reach the level of adult by 12 years of age 6个月时恢复。12岁时达成人水平 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

blood characteristics of infants and children 婴儿和儿童期血象特点 • Content of erythrocyte count and hemoglobin • 红细胞数和血红蛋白含量 ► Content of RBC and Hb at 2 weeks after birth is the same as those of umbilical blood 新生儿生后2周时的RBC和Hb含量与脐血相同 ► There is slight anemia 2-3months after birth （physiologic anemia） 生后2－3月时出现轻度贫血（生理性贫血） ► Recover to normal at 6 month of age and reach the level of adult by 12 years of age 6个月时恢复，12岁时达成人水平

hemoglobin pattern and content of hemoglobin in various age period 各不同年龄的血红蛩白种类含量 HbA HbF HbA. 2 (A2B2)%(a2r2)%(a 22)% 6 months fetus 5-10 90 newborn 30 70 3mon-lyear 95 5 2-3 2years-adult 95 2 2-3 回复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

hemoglobin pattern and content of hemoglobin in various age period 各不同年龄的血红蛋白种类含量 HbA (Α2β2) % HbF (α2 r 2 ) % HbA2 (α2 2 ) % 6 months fetus 5-10 90 newborn 30 70 1 3mon-1year 95 5 2-3 2years-adult 95 2 2-3

White blood count and differentiation 白细胞数及分类 s White blood cells count is higher at birth: 15 20×109L 初生时白细胞总数较高15-20×109 Average of 12 x 10/Lat 1 week of age 一周时平均为12×109/L Maintain at 10 x 10/Lin infancy and young children 婴幼儿维持在10×109L *e approximate 4-10 x 10/L of the adult level after 8 years of age 8岁后接近成人4-10×109/L (國)复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系

• White blood count and differentiation • 白细胞数及分类 * White blood cells count is higher at birth:15－ 20×109 /L 初生时白细胞总数较高15－20×109 /L * Average of 12×109 /L at 1 week of age 一周时平均为12×109/L * Maintain at 10×109 /L in infancy and young children 婴幼儿维持在10×109/L * Approximate 4－10×109 /L of the adult level after 8 years of age 8岁后接近成人4－10×109/L

Lymphocyte % 70605040302 5 years 5 da Neutrophil 246810 23481014 days years 0 The two cross-over of neutrophils and lyphocytes during childhood

2 4 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 8 10 14 7 0 6 0 5 0 4 0 3 0 2 0 1 0 % Lymphocyte Neutrophil 5 years 5 days days years The two cross-over of neutrophils and lyphocytes during childhood