《病原生物学（医学微生物学）》课程教学课件（英文）01_BacterialStructure

Section IFundaments of MicrobiologyBacterial Cell Structure

Section I Fundaments of Microbiology Bacterial Cell Structure

Key WordsProkaryoticOuter membraneEubacteria (Bacteria)Periplasmic spaceOxidative phosphorylationArchaebacteria (Archaea)EukaryoticSpheroplast/protoplastPlasmidFlagellaChromosomeChemotaxisRibosomeAxial filamentPeriplasmic binding proteinPeptidoglycan (murein, mucopeptide)Gram stainPermeasesGram negativeStorage GranulesPili (fimbriae)Gram positiveCell envelopeCapsule (slime layer, glycocalyxCell membraneEndospore (spore)Cell wallSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

Key Words Prokaryotic Outer membrane Eubacteria (Bacteria) Periplasmic space Archaebacteria (Archaea) Oxidative phosphorylation Eukaryotic Spheroplast/protoplast Plasmid Flagella Chromosome Chemotaxis Ribosome Axial filament Peptidoglycan (murein, mucopeptide) Periplasmic binding protein Gram stain Permeases Gram negative Storage Granules Gram positive Pili (fimbriae) Cell envelope Capsule (slime layer, glycocalyx) Cell membrane Endospore (spore) Cell wall SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

KEY WORDSCell envelopeTeichoic acidCell wallWall teichoic acidCell membraneLipoteichoic acidOuter membraneMycolic acidlipoproteinPeptidoglycanPorinsEndospore (spore)Cell divisionLipopolysaccharideSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

KEY WORDS Cell envelope Teichoic acid Cell wall Wall teichoic acid Cell membrane Lipoteichoic acid Outer membrane Mycolic acid Peptidoglycan lipoprotein Porins Endospore (spore) Cell division Lipopolysaccharide SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

EUKARYOTESPROKARYOTESBACTERIA ARCHAEASHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

PROKARYOTES PROKARYOTES BACTERIA BACTERIA ARCHAEA ARCHAEA EUKARYOTES EUKARYOTES SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

Eukaryotes· Other cell-based life e.g- plants- animals-fung!SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

Eukaryotes •Other cell-based life e.g. –plants –animals –fungi SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

Eukaryotic cellProkaryotic cell(e.g. animalFlagellumCell membraneNucleoidCell wallRough endoplasmicreticulumNucleusGram+PiliGram-..CapsulGranuleCell (inner) membrane Outer membraneCytoplasmRibosomesCell wallMitochondria

Eukaryotic cell Prokaryotic cell Rough endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondria (e.g. animal) Nucleus Cytoplasm Gram+ Cell wall Nucleoid Cell membrane Flagellum Gram￾Cell (inner) membrane Outer membrane Ribosomes Granule Cell wall Capsule Pili

Prokaryotic Cell (versus Eukaryotic CellNot compartmentalizedCell membranes lack sterols (e.gcholesterol)Single circular chromosome Ribosomal are 70S- subunits? 30S (16S rRNA)? 50S (5S & 23S rRNA)SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

Prokaryotic Cell (versus Eukaryotic Cell) Prokaryotic Cell (versus Eukaryotic Cell) • Not compartmentalized • Cell membranes lack sterols (e.g. cholesterol) • Single circular chromosome • Ribosomal are 70S - subunits • 30S (16S rRNA) • 50S (5S & 23S rRNA) SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

(BacteriaProkaryotes· Eubacter "True" bacteria- human pathogens- clinical or environmental? Archaea- Environmental organismsSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

Prokaryotes (Bacteria) •Eubacter "True" bacteria – human pathogens – clinical or environmental • Archaea – Environmental organisms SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

ArchaebacteriaBacteria versusEubacteriapeptidoglycan (murein muramic acid Archaebacteria- pseudomurein- no muramic acid16S rRNAsequence very differentSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

Bacteria versus Archaebacteria • Eubacteria – peptidoglycan (murein) – muramic acid • Archaebacteria – pseudomurein – no muramic acid • 16S rRNA sequence very different SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

Members of EubacteriaBacteriaMycoplasmaSpirocheteRickettsiaChlamydiaActinomyceteSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY

Members of Eubacteria Bacteria Mycoplasma Spirochete Rickettsia Chlamydia Actinomycete SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY