《学科英语》课程教学资源（讲义）ACADEMIC WRITING

ACADEMICWRITINGSection I1.StructureofAcademicArticlesTitleAbstractKey WordsIntroductionMethodsandProceduresDiscussion&dataResult/ConclusionReferences/Sources2.GrammaticalConstructionsofTitlesFull-sentenceconstructionChocolate Intake Is Associated with Better CognitiveFunction.NominalgroupconstructionThe Relationship of Happiness,Impulse Buying andBrand LoyaltyCompoundconstructionsSub-health: Definition, Criteria for Diagnosis and

ACADEMIC WRITING Section I 1.Structure of Academic Articles Title Abstract Key Words Introduction Methods and Procedures Discussion & data Result/Conclusion References/Sources 2.Grammatical Constructions of Titles Full-sentence construction Chocolate Intake Is Associated with Better Cognitive Function. Nominal group construction The Relationship of Happiness , Impulse Buying and Brand Loyalty Compound constructions Sub-health: Definition, Criteria for Diagnosis and

PotentialPrevalenceintheCentralRegionofChinaQuestionsDoes the Flynn effect affect IQ scores of studentsclassified as Learning-disabled?TITLE:Nottoo long:no morethan 15 wordsMorespecialtermsandkeywordsNoun phrases are preferred.Capitalized initials###TITLEDESIGNINGConcisenessMarkednessPrecision&appropriatenessLANGUAGEINACADEMICARTICLESPreferencefor noun phrasesUseoflongsentencesUseofpremodificationTheactive voice vs.the passivevoiceSignificance offormality(1) FormalityThere are about five causes for the failure of the

Potential Prevalence in the Central Region of China Questions Does the Flynn effect affect IQ scores of students classified as Learning-disabled? TITLE: Not too long: no more than 15 words More special terms and key words Noun phrases are preferred. Capitalized initials ### TITLE DESIGNING Conciseness Markedness Precision & appropriateness LANGUAGE IN ACADEMIC ARTICLES Preference for noun phrases Use of long sentences Use of premodification The active voice vs. the passive voice Significance of formality (1) Formality There are about five causes for the failure of the

experiment.There are approximately five causes for the failure ofthe experiment.(2)Preferencefornounphrases:-ifwedon'trecognizetheseriousproblemofwastegas, our planet will be faced with disaster.-Failuretorecognize the serious problem of wastegas will lead to disaster for our planet.(3)Formality&Passivevoicelnordertolook intothereasonforthedecreaseoflearning effiency, we conducted a comparativestudy between the experimental group and thecontrol group.In orderto investigatethe reason for thedecreaseof learning effiency, a comparative study wasconducted between the experimental group andthe control group.(4)PremodificationSuchprofoundanalysiswhichisbased ontheoriesis usually more authoritative and convincing thanpure experiments.Suchtheory-based profound analysis is usually more

experiment. There are approximately five causes for the failure of the experiment. (2)Preference for noun phrases: — If we don’t recognize the serious problem of waste gas, our planet will be faced with disaster. — Failure to recognize the serious problem of waste gas will lead to disaster for our planet. (3)Formality & Passive voice — In order to look into the reason for the decrease of learning effiency, we conducted a comparative study between the experimental group and the control group. — In order to investigate the reason for the decrease of learning effiency, a comparative study was conducted between the experimental group and the control group. (4)Premodification — Such profound analysis which is based on theories is usually more authoritative and convincing than pure experiments. Such theory-based profound analysis is usually more

authoritative and convincing than pureexperiments(5)Long sentencesCloud Intelligence is a new thchnology.It hasbeen introduced into China in recent years. It canofferits users much more convenience.Cloud Intelligence, a new technology,has beenintroduced into China in recent years, offering itsusersmuchmoreconvenienceEXERCISES(1)由于量子的存在，我们不能按照惯常的方法描述原子微粒的运动。(3)如今，有许多理论家将“活动理论”视为人类活动的哲学和跨学科理论框架，从而使该理论广泛地应用于哲学、心理学、人类学、教育学等领域。(4)目前已涌现出大量有关电子芯片技术在临床医学中应用的研究，但我们还是不太清楚这种技术应用的背后隐藏着什么样的风险和挑战(2)With an overall survey of representative researchfruits in current language assessment, it is found that alargeproportionofquantitative-research-based

authoritative and convincing than pure experiments (5)Long sentences — Cloud Intelligence is a new thchnology. It has been introduced into China in recent years. It can offer its users much more convenience. — Cloud Intelligence, a new technology, has been introduced into China in recent years, offering its users much more convenience. EXERCISES (1)由于量子的存在，我们不能按照惯常的方法描述原 子微粒的运动。 (3)如今，有许多理论家将“活动理论”视为人类活动 的哲学和跨学科理论框架，从而使该理论广泛地应 用于哲学、心理学、人类学、教育学等领域。 (4)目前已涌现出大量有关电子芯片技术在临床医学 中应用的研究，但我们还是不太清楚这种技术应用 的背后隐藏着什么样的风险和挑战 (2)With an overall survey of representative research fruits in current language assessment, it is found that a large proportion of quantitative-research-based

research in language assessment is adopting moreand more mature and complicated programs ofmeasurements or statistics for investigations of a seriesofissuesconcerningassessmentconstruct.(5)The findings of the research reveals that conceptsinfluencing business practices of small-sized enterprisesneed to be amended so as to face the increasinglyfiercemarketcompetition.(6)Through in-depth interviews with 30 businessmanagers from various regions, the strengths andweaknesses of the initial 4 schemes are integrated toultimately construct a mature scheme for directapplication in market survey.SECTIONII:INTRODUCTIONprovidingreaderswithbackgroundinformation/convincing readers of the significance of the currentstudy/winning attention/encourage readingCOMPOSITION1.Researchfieldbackground, nature, scopedefinitions

research in language assessment is adopting more and more mature and complicated programs of measurements or statistics for investigations of a series of issues concerning assessment construct. (5)The findings of the research reveals that concepts influencing business practices of small-sized enterprises need to be amended so as to face the increasingly fierce market competition. (6)Through in-depth interviews with 30 business managers from various regions, the strengths and weaknesses of the initial 4 schemes are integrated to ultimately construct a mature scheme for direct application in market survey. SECTION II: INTRODUCTION providing readers with background information/ convincing readers of the significance of the current study/winning attention/encourage reading COMPOSITION 1. Research field background, nature, scope definitions

2. Previous researchliteraturereviewand its contributionsweaknessesor limitations in the previous research(gap)3.Presentresearchpurpose,principal findings, outlineSENTENSES&EXPRESSIONSFORREFERENCEIn recent years, there has been a great interestin...It is noteworthythat ...has madeprogress...In most studies of ...,...has been emphasized withattention being given to ...Several researchers have theoretically investigated...Little literatureis available on ......pose a problem of considerable interest in manyindustrialapplications.It is important to study...In this paper, .. is discussed (studied, presented,investigated,described,etc.)The primary goal of this research is...The purpose of this paper (study, thesis, etc.) is

2. Previous research literature review and its contributions weaknesses or limitations in the previous research （gap） 3. Present research purpose,principal findings, outline SENTENSES & EXPRESSIONS FOR REFERENCE In recent years, there has been a great interest in. It is noteworthy that . has made progress. In most studies of ., .has been emphasized with attention being given to . Several researchers have theoretically investigated. Little literature is available on . .pose a problem of considerable interest in many industrial applications. It is important to study. In this paper, . is discussed (studied, presented, investigated, described, etc.) The primary goal of this research is. The purpose of this paper (study, thesis, etc.) is

The emphasis of this paper is to survey...The present study is thereforefocused on...This paper reports on...The present work deals mainly with...BACKGROUNDWRITINGREFERENCESENTENCESIn recent years, there has been a great interest in...It is noteworthy that ... has made progress...In most studies of ..., ...has been emphasized withattention being given to ...Several researchershavetheoreticallyinvestigated..TOPICWRITINGREFERENCESENTENCESIt is important to study...In this paper, ... is discussed (studied, presented,investigated,described,etc.)The primary goal of this researchis...The purpose of this paper (study, thesis, etc.) is ...The emphasis of this paper is to survey...Thepresent studyisthereforefocused on...This paper reports on...The present work deals mainly with

The emphasis of this paper is to survey. The present study is therefore focused on. This paper reports on. The present work deals mainly with. BACKGROUND WRITING REFERENCE SENTENCES In recent years, there has been a great interest in. It is noteworthy that . has made progress. In most studies of ., .has been emphasized with attention being given to . Several researchers have theoretically investigated. TOPIC WRITING REFERENCE SENTENCES It is important to study. In this paper, . is discussed (studied, presented, investigated, described, etc.) The primary goal of this research is. The purpose of this paper (study, thesis, etc.) is . The emphasis of this paper is to survey. The present study is therefore focused on. This paper reports on. The present work deals mainly with

Exercise1. The research field:Each person has a particular approach tolearning with which he or she feels mostcomfortable. In other words, students learnmore readily when they process informationin their own natural and preferred ways.Styles give general direction to learningbehavior . Learning styles are general, broadapproaches used to learn a subject. In Reid's(1995) research, learning styles were definedas“individual'snatural,habitualandpreferred ways of absorbing, processing, andretaining new information and skills" (p. 38).Reid (1998)also stated learning styles havebeen used as afocusfor assisting students inhigher education to realize their full learningpotential.2. The previous researchTo date, there have been abundant studiesconcerning learning styles from variousperspectives. Some studies revealedthat

Exercise 1. The research field: Each person has a particular approach to learning with which he or she feels most comfortable. In other words, students learn more readily when they process information in their own natural and preferred ways. Styles give general direction to learning behavior . Learning styles are general, broad approaches used to learn a subject. In Reid’s (1995) research, learning styles were defined as “individual's natural, habitual and preferred ways of absorbing, processing, and retaining new information and skills” (p. 38). Reid (1998) also stated learning styles have been used as a focus for assisting students in higher education to realize their full learning potential. 2. The previous research To date, there have been abundant studies concerning learning styles from various perspectives. Some studies revealed that

students'learning styles should be taken intoconsideration when designing teachingmethods and teaching syllabuses (Kolb, 1984;Griggs, 1999) while others discovered thatlearning styles vary greatly among learnerswith different language proficiencyorlearning strategies (Davidson, 1990; Dunn,1998).3. The gapDespite so many endeavors made concerninglearning styles, inadequate attention hasbeenpaid to theeffects of learning styles onEnglish proficiency development, especiallyin EFL contexts.4. The present researchThe purpose of this study was to determinewhat learning styles adult students prefer inEFL contexts and to what extent learningstyles affecttheirdevelopment

students’ learning styles should be taken into consideration when designing teaching methods and teaching syllabuses (Kolb, 1984; Griggs, 1999) while others discovered that learning styles vary greatly among learners with different language proficiency or learning strategies (Davidson, 1990; Dunn, 1998). 3. The gap Despite so many endeavors made concerning learning styles, inadequate attention has been paid to the effects of learning styles on English proficiency development, especially in EFL contexts. 4. The present research The purpose of this study was to determine what learning styles adult students prefer in EFL contexts and to what extent learning styles affect their development