《微生物学 Microbiology》课程PPT教学课件（英文版）functional anatomy of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells 2/2

Chapter 4,part B Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings B.E Pruitt & Jane J. Stein Chapter 4, part B Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Plasma Membrane 。 Selective permeability allows passage of some molecules Enzymes for ATP production Photosynthetic pigments on foldings called chromatophores or thylakoids

• Selective permeability allows passage of some molecules • Enzymes for ATP production • Photosynthetic pigments on foldings called chromatophores or thylakoids Plasma Membrane

Plasma Membrane Damage to the membrane by alcohols,quaternary ammonium(detergents)and polymyxin antibiotics causes leakage of cell contents

• Damage to the membrane by alcohols, quaternary ammonium (detergents) and polymyxin antibiotics causes leakage of cell contents. Plasma Membrane

Movement Across Membranes Simple diffusion:Movement of a solute from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Facilitative diffusion:Solute combines with a transporter protein in the membrane

• Simple diffusion: Movement of a solute from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. • Facilitative diffusion: Solute combines with a transporter protein in the membrane. Movement Across Membranes

Movement Across Membranes Transported Outside substance Transporter protein Plasma membrane Inside Figure 4.17

Movement Across Membranes Figure 4.17

Movement Across Membranes 。Osmosis Movement of water Glass tube- across a selectively Rubber permeable membrane stopper from an area of high Rubber band water concentration to Sucrose an area of lower water. molecule Cellophane 。Osmotic pressure sack Water- The pressure needed to molecule 00 stop the movement of (a)At beginning of osmotic water across the pressure experiment membrane. Figure 4.18a

• Osmosis • Movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of lower water. • Osmotic pressure • The pressure needed to stop the movement of water across the membrane. Movement Across Membranes Figure 4.18a

Cytoplasm Cell wall Solute Plasma membrane .'.Water. (c)Isotonic (isosmotic) (d)Hypotonic(hypoosmotic) (e)Hypertonic (hyperosmotic) solution- solution-water moves into the solution- no net movement of water cell and may cause the cell to burst water moves out of the cell, if the wall is weak or damaged causing its cytoplasm to shrink (osmotic lysis) (plasmolysis) Figure 4.18c-e

Figure 4.18c-e

Movement Across Membranes Active transport of substances requires a transporter protein and ATP Group translocation of substances requires a transporter protein and PEP

• Active transport of substances requires a transporter protein and ATP. • Group translocation of substances requires a transporter protein and PEP. Movement Across Membranes

Cytoplasm Cytoplasm is the substance inside the plasma membrane (b) (a) Figure 4.6a,b

• Cytoplasm is the substance inside the plasma membrane Cytoplasm Figure 4.6a, b

Nuclear Area Nuclear area (nucleoid) (】 (a) Figure 4.6a,b

• Nuclear area (nucleoid) Nuclear Area Figure 4.6a, b