复旦大学：《中国历史——从改良到革命 China-From Reform to Revolution》教学课件_Missionary Influence

Missionary Influence

Missionary Influence

Missionary Influence · Christian missionaries as“ culture brokers”-“ immediate channel of Western influence in human and personal terms London missionary Society, Robert Morrison, Canton 1807 ABCFM, E C. Bridgman and Samuel Wells Williams, Chinese Repository(1832-1851) Inland missionary work became legalized after 1860

Missionary Influence • Christian missionaries as “culture brokers” – “immediate channel of Western influence in human and personal terms” • London Missionary Society, Robert Morrison, Canton, 1807. • ABCFM, E. C. Bridgman and Samuel Wells Williams, Chinese Repository (1832-1851) • Inland missionary work became legalized after 1860

Sinology Studies Interpreted West to china by founding schools libraries, and translating works Joseph Edkins, James Legge, John Fryer Sinology studies Fryer(1839-1928), translation bureau of the Shanghai Arsenal, produced 74 translations between 1880-textbooks for chinese students William Martin, Completes a full translation of Henry wheaton's elements of Internationa/ law 1865 offered a post in Tongwenguan

Sinology Studies • Interpreted West to China by founding schools libraries, and translating works • Joseph Edkins, James Legge, John Fryer – Sinology Studies • Fryer (1839-1928), translation bureau of the Shanghai Arsenal, produced 74 translations between 1880 – textbooks for Chinese students • William Martin, Completes a full translation of Henry Wheaton’s Elements of International Law; 1865 offered a post in Tongwenguan

John Fryer In 1860 went to Hong Kong to teach Chinese Children where he began to study cantonese In 1863 he moved to Shanghai to study mandarin 1866 became editor of jiaohui xinbao( Mission News)where tried to encourage chinese involvement in Western affairs Very dedicated to work, without much promotion Eventually in 1896 he became discouraged and returned to the United States

John Fryer • In 1860 went to Hong Kong to teach Chinese Children where he began to study Cantonese • In 1863 he moved to Shanghai to study Mandarin • 1866 became editor of Jiaohui xinbao (Mission News) where tried to encourage Chinese involvement in Western affairs • Very dedicated to work, without much promotion • Eventually in 1896 he became discouraged and returned to the United States

SDK Religious Vs. secular activities: schools, private associations, and newspapers. (1887, SDK) Timothy Richard, general secretary of SDK, persuade the Chinese elite of the value of Western culture, esp. ideas of institutional reform; editor of Shibao, suggest to follow Japan/schools The publications of SDK, Wanguo gongbao The Globe Magazine1875-1907-Western knowledge and current world affairs ( Young J. Allen) 1890s, the circulation grew rapidly -widely influenced

SDK • Religious vs. secular activities: schools, private associations, and newspapers. (1887, SDK) • Timothy Richard, general secretary of SDK, persuade the Chinese elite of the value of Western culture, esp. ideas of institutional reform; editor of Shibao, suggest to follow Japan/schools • The publications of SDK, Wanguo gongbao “The Globe Magazine” 1875-1907– Western knowledge and current world affairs (Young J. Allen) • 1890s, the circulation grew rapidly – widely influenced

Questions How did missionaries writing stimulate reformers of the 1890s? What about reform-minded chinese scholars correspondent thought? Anything new? How did they understand Western polity? (e.g. constitutional monarchy, parliament, democracy, and so on

Questions • How did missionaries’ writing stimulate reformers of the 1890s? • What about reform-minded Chinese scholars’ correspondent thought? Anything new? How did they understand Western polity? (e.g. constitutional monarchy, parliament, democracy, and so on.)

Missionary schools and elites By 1918, nearly 6000 Primary 527613.826 missionary schools in schools students China, about 150.000 Middle 233 12.533 students schools Influence on higher Colleges 28 1.499 education Western curriculums(modern Normal NA science and colleges technology, medical Divinity 31 985 schools, etc schools Profession 40 1,409 al schools Orphanage 49 1.544

Missionary schools and elites • By 1918, nearly 6000 missionary schools in China, about 150,000 students. • Influence on higher education, Western curriculums (modern science and technology), medical schools, etc. Primary schools 5,276 133,826 students Middle schools 233 12,533 Colleges 28 1.499 Normal colleges 56 N/A Divinity schools 31 985 Profession al schools 40 1,409 Orphanage 49 1,544

Christian Women College, 1901

Christian Women College, 1901

Protestant Day-School interior in late Qing 及盖

Protestant Day-School interior in late Qing

Dressed in two styles, in early 1900s

Dressed in two styles, in early 1900s