复旦大学：《医学微生物学 Medical Microbiology（MBBS）》课程讲义_理论课_Lecture18-influ

Orthomyxovirus and Paramyxovirus Influenza, Corona SaRs, avian flu and other respiratory viruses Chao ZHAo(赵超) MOH&MOE Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University 复旦大学上海医学院分子病毒学教育部/卫生部重点实验室 Nov15,2013

Orthomyxovirus Orthomyxovirus and Paramyxovirus Paramyxovirus I fl C SARS i fl d h Influenza, Corona SARS, avian flu and other respiratory viruses Chao ZHAO(赵 超) MOH&MOE Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology Shanghai Medical College Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University University 复旦大学上海医学院分子病毒学教育部/卫生部重点实验室 Nov 15, 2013

TOPIC: what is the biggest challenge ·War? Food safet Finance crisis Natural disasters, eg earthquake acute infectious diseases, esp respiratory viruses infection (RvD) Chronic disease aging Biosafety bioterror(ism)

TOPIC: what is the biggest challenge • War? • Food safet y • Finance crisis Finance crisis • Natural disasters, eg earthquake… • acut i f ti di i t te i n fectious diseases, esp resp ira tory viruses infection (RVI) • Chronic disease & a gin g • Biosafety & Bioterror(ism) Biosafety & Bioterror(ism)

Why is Rvi Easy transmit · large population Worldwide(wide geographic spread) Emergency Variant/mutant

Why is RVI • Easy transmit • large population • Worldwide ( Worldwide (Wide geographic spread Wide geographic spread) • Emergency • Variant/mutant

EXAMPLE:1918 Influenza Pandemic

EXAMPLE:1918 Influenza Pandemic

1918 Influenza Pandemic Caused 40 milion deaths worldwide Mainly the young 80% of Us Army deaths in World War I resulted from infection with influenza virus We still do not understand fully why this strain of influenza a virus was so devastating to the younger population

1918 Influenza Pandemic 1918 Influenza Pandemic • C d 40 illi d th ld id Cause d 40 million deaths world wid e – Mainly the young! • 80% of US Army deaths in World War I result d f i f ti ith i fl lt e d from in fection with influenza virus • We still do not understand fully why this st i f I fl A i train o f Influenza A virus was so devastating to the younger population

High Mortality of 1918 Influenza Pandemic Both sexes: Life expectancy in the United States, 1900-2001 Spanish flu 55 1920 1940 1960 2000

High Mortality of 1918 Influenza Pandemic Spanish flu

Infectious Disease Mortality, United States--20th Century 1000 800 600 ④400 200 0 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980

Infectious Disease Mortality, United States--20th Century Armstrong, et al. JAMA 1999;281:61-66

Recent Outbreaks of New Influenza 2013H7N9 2008H5N1

Recent Outbreaks of New Influenza 2013 H7N9 2008 H5N1

H5N1(AVian) Influenza Attempt to control complete or partial slaughter of poultry population in infected areas

H5N1 (Avian) Influenza Attempt to control: complete or partial slaughter of poultry or partial slaughter of poultry population population in infected areas † ASM News 70:154 (2004)

Then(Spanish flu Now(Avian flu 1918 2008 What happened what could 1. 8 billion World population 6 billion Troop ships Primary transportation Jets 4 months Time for virus to 4 days le globe auze masks Preventative measures Vaccines disinfectants Bed rest Treatments Some aspirin antivirals 20+ million Estimated dead 60 million?

h ( i h fl ) ( i fl ) 1918 2008 What happened what could Then (Spanish flu) Now (Avian flu) What happened what could 1.8 billion World population 6 billion Troop ships Primary transportation Jets rail d roa mode 4 months Time for virus to 4 days circle globe Gauze masks Preventative measures Vaccines disinfectants Bed rest Treatments Some aspirin antivirals 20+ million Estimated dead 60 million?