重庆医科大学：《儿科学》课程教学资源（PPT课件）麻疹 MEASLES

麻疹 MEASLES 重庆医科大学儿童医院 DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASEAND GASTROENTEROLOGY

1 麻 疹 MEASLES 重庆医科大学儿童医院 DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY

Key points MEASLES Acute respiratory infectious disease caused by measles virus 9 clinical feature: Fever, Cough, Runny nose. Conjunctivitis, Exanthem Specific sign: Koplik's Spots (a kind of enanthem) DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY

2 Key points MEASLES DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY ◆ Acute respiratory infectious disease caused by measles virus ◆ clinical feature: Fever, Cough, Runny nose, Conjunctivitis, Exanthem ◆ Specific sign: Koplik’s Spots (a kind of enanthem )

Pathogen Classification: A RNA virus Genus: morbilivirus Family: paramyxoviridae Serotype: Only one Location: Nasopharyngeal secretions, Blood, Urine of patients DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY

3 DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY Classification: A RNA virus Genus: morbillivirus Family: paramyxoviridae Serotype: Only one Location: Nasopharyngeal secretions, Blood, Urine of patients Pathogen

Pathogen measles virus DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY

4 Pathogen DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY measles virus

Epidemiology 1. Infectious sources: Measles patients in acute stage 2. Routes of transmission: Droplet spray 3. Population susceptibility It is susceptible to all the people without infection or inoculation e The age of peak incidence was 6 months to 5 years old The incidence of baby under 6m is lower 4. Epidemic features DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY

5 DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY Epidemiology 1.Infectious sources：Measles patients in acute stage 2.Routes of transmission： Droplet spray 3.Population susceptibility： 4.Epidemic features： ⚫ It is susceptible to all the people without infection or inoculation. ⚫ The age of peak incidence was 6 months to 5 years old. ⚫ The incidence of baby under 6m is lower

Epidemiology Routes of transmission Droplet spray DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY

6 DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY Routes of transmission Epidemiology Droplet spray

Epidemiology Epidemic Features Prior to the use of vaccine After the use of vaccine Morbidity Major epidemics: 500-1000 9.5in1990 (1/100000) Mild epidemics: 400 Peak season In winter and spring In any time of a year Epidemic cycle Major epidemics appear by Epidemic cycle 2-4 yr intervals disappeared, Sporadic cases increased Age 6m-5y(98%10y) Below 6m and above 5y Typical cases Atypical cases Clinical severe manifestations mild manifestations manifestations more complications less complications high mortality rarely death DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY

7 DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY Prior to the use of vaccine After the use of vaccine Morbidity (1/100000) Major epidemics: 500-1000 Mild epidemics: 400 9.5 in 1990 Peak season In winter and spring In any time of a year Epidemic cycle Major epidemics appear by 2-4 yr intervals Epidemic cycle disappeared, Sporadic cases increased Age 6m-5y (98%<10y) Below 6m and above 5y Clinical manifestations Typical cases severe manifestations more complications high mortality Atypical cases mild manifestations less complications rarely death Epidemiology Epidemic Features

Measles 1980: Incidence and immunization immunization(MCV1)coverage 80%:100% 50%-80% 0·50% N。Data ncidence per 100,000 people 0·15 1550 50100 500 No Data UC Atlas of Global Inequality http:/lwww2.ucsc.edu/atlas/ Data: World Health Organization www3. who, int/whosis(Incidence and Immunization) Created 16 December 2002 World Bank, World Development Indicators 2002(Population)

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Measles 2000: Incidence and Immunization munization(MCV1)coverage 80%-100% 50%-80% 0·50% No Data Incidence per 100,000 people 015 15·50 50-100 100500 No Data UC Atlas of Global Inequality http:/lwww2.ucsc.edu/atlas/ Data: World Health Organization www3.who. int/whosis(Incidence and Immunization) Created 16 December 2002 World Bank, World Development Indicators 2002(Population)

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Epidemiology Measles cases of in-patients in CHCUMS 2000 1800 1728 Measles vaccine 1600 Inoculation n whole 1400 China(968 1200 1125 1000 800 595 600 383 400 25029 297 152139 200 11015 120/112 2213721 19606468727680848892960003 DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY

10 DIVISION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND GASTROENTEROLOGY 1728 1125 192 493 595 250 293 383 195 152 139 2 2 1 3 7 2 1 110 155 120 297 112 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 1960 6 4 6 8 7 2 7 6 8 0 8 4 8 8 9 2 9 6 2000 麻疹病例数 00 03 Measles Vaccine Inoculation in whole China (1968) Epidemiology Measles cases of in-patients in CHCUMS