重庆医科大学：《儿科学》课程教学资源（PPT课件）Neuropsychological and Behavioral development in Infants and Toddlers

Neuropsychological and Behavioral Development in Infants and Toddlers 兮魯罗乎量

1 Neuropsychological and Behavioral Development in Infants and Toddlers

Aims >to understand the process of child development to grasp the key / developmental milestones (including hearing, vision, four areas of development) to know developmental delay in child

2 Aims ➢to understand the process of child development ➢ to grasp the key developmental milestones (including hearing, vision, four areas of development) ➢ to know developmental delay in child

Infant a child under 1 year old/(child during the first few years of life) Toddler a child, usually between the ages of 1-2, who has just begun to master the art of walking

3 Infant a child under 1 year old ( child during the first few years of life) Toddler a child, usually between the ages of 1-2, who has just begun to master the art of walking

Sensory and Perceptual capacities 感知觉的发育 you aby.ain Voluntary Movement Touch Speech Production Vision Understanding Speec Hearing

4 Sensory and Perceptual capacities 感知觉的发育

Sensation occurs when a sensory system detects a particular stimulus Perception occurs/when the / brain tries to make sense out of that stimulus. such that the individual becomes aware of it

5 Sensation occurs when a sensory system detects a particular stimulus. Perception occurs when the brain tries to make sense out of that stimulus, such that the individual becomes aware of it

At birth, both sensation and perception are apparent. Newborns See hear. smell, and taste, and they respond to pressure, motion, temperature, and pain. Most of these sensory abilities are immature and somewhat selective, responding to a fairly narrow range of stimuli

6 At birth, both sensation and perception are apparent. Newborns see, hear, smell, and taste, and they respond to pressure, motion, temperature, and pain. Most of these sensory abilities are immature and somewhat selective, responding to a fairly narrow range of stimuli

Vision Visually fixing The infant is also able following clos one milestone to elicit responses from 2-month infant the outside world througl h the sensory capacity of sight

7 The infant is also able to elicit responses from the outside world through the sensory capacity of sight. Vision

Newborns can see right from birth. best on objects about 20cm from their/face. They are capable of tracking a moving obiect

8 Newborns can see right from birth, best on objects about 20cm from their face. They are capable of tracking a moving object

As neurological maturation and myelination allow better coordination of eye movements and more efficient transmission of information between the eyes and the brain focusing Improves

9 As neurological maturation and myelination allow better coordination of eye movements and more efficient transmission of information between the eyes and the brain, focusing improves

When 1-month-olds look at something, their gaze often wanders and their ability to scan the object and attend to the critical areas is quite imperfect. When looking at a face, for example, they look at the peripheral features, such as the hairline。 10

10 When 1-month-olds look at something, their gaze often wanders, and their ability to scan the object and attend to the critical areas is quite imperfect. When looking at a face, for example, they look at the peripheral features, such as the hairline