《政治经济学》课程教学资源（文献资料）中英文词汇对照表

政治经济学中英文词汇对照表中文英文中文英文1政治经济学产业后备军PoliticalIndustrialeconomicsreserve army2经济Economy资本的循环Capital circulation3经济制度Economic system资本周转The turn-over of capital4马克思主义政治经济学周转次数Marxist political economicsThe number of turn-overs5经济学家生产时间EconomistThe time of production6资本主义经济流通时间The time of circulationCapitalist economy7资本主义周转时间CapitalismThe period of turn-overs8资源配置劳动期间The working periodAllocation of resources9劳动Labor固定资本Fixed capital10劳动对象流动资本Subject of laborCirculating capital11劳动资料劳动手段预付资本Advanced capitalMeans of labor12社会生产关系有形磨损visible wear and tearProduction relations社会生产力无形磨损13ProductivityInvisible wear and tear折旧费14科学抽象法Abstract methoddepreciation15逻辑方法生产资料Means of productionLogic method16阶级性消费资料Class natureMeans of consumption17经济规律Economiclaw社会总产品The total product商品18成本价格CommodityCost price交换利润19ExchangeProfit20利润率商品经济Commodity economyThe rate of profit21使用价值平均利润Use valueAverage profit价值22Value利润极大化Profit maximization23交换价值生产价格Exchange valuePrices of production23劳动二重性市场价格The two fold character of laborMarket prices24具体劳动市场价值Market valuesConcrete labor25抽象劳动商业资本Abstract laborCommercial capital26劳动价值论商业利润Labor value theoryCommercial profit27价值量超额利润Magnitude of valueSurplus-profit28个别劳动时间借贷资本Hours of individual laborLoan capital29信用制度社会必要劳动时间Hours of social necessary laborThe credit system30利息个别价值Individual valueInterest31社会价值利息率Social valueInterest rate32劳动强度虚拟资本Fictitious CapitalIntensity of labour生息资本33简单劳动Simple laborThe Interest-bearing capital银行利润34复杂劳动Bank profitComplicatedlabor股票35劳动生产率StocksLabor productivity36私人劳动股份公司Individual laborStock company37社会劳动Social labor资本主义地租Capitalist rent38生产方式级差地租The mode of productionDifferential rent资本主义土地所有权39货币CurrencyCapitalist landownership

政治经济学中英文词汇对照表 中文 英文 中文 英文 政治经济学 Political economics 产业后备军 Industrial reserve army 1 经济 Economy 资本的循环 Capital circulation 2 经济制度 Economic system 资本周转 The turn-over of capital 3 马克思主义政治经济学 Marxist political economics 周转次数 The number of turn-overs 4 经济学家 Economist 生产时间 The time of production 5 资本主义经济 Capitalist economy 流通时间 The time of circulation 6 资本主义 Capitalism 周转时间 The period of turn-overs 7 资源配置 Allocation of resources 劳动期间 The working period 8 劳动 Labor 固定资本 Fixed capital 9 劳动对象 Subject of labor 流动资本 Circulating capital 10 劳动资料劳动手段 Means of labor 预付资本 Advanced capital 11 社会生产关系 Production relations 有形磨损 visible wear and tear 12 社会生产力 Productivity 无形磨损 Invisible wear and tear 13 科学抽象法 Abstract method 折旧费 depreciation 14 逻辑方法 Logic method 生产资料 Means of production 15 阶级性 Class nature 消费资料 Means of consumption 16 经济规律 Economic law 社会总产品 The total product 17 商品 Commodity 成本价格 Cost price 18 交换 Exchange 利润 Profit 19 商品经济 Commodity economy 利润率 The rate of profit 20 使用价值 Use value 平均利润 Average profit 21 价值 Value 利润极大化 Profit maximization 22 交换价值 Exchange value 生产价格 Prices of production 23 劳动二重性 The two fold character of labor 市场价格 Market prices 23 具体劳动 Concrete labor 市场价值 Market values 24 抽象劳动 Abstract labor 商业资本 Commercial capital 25 劳动价值论 Labor value theory 商业利润 Commercial profit 26 价值量 Magnitude of value 超额利润 Surplus-profit 27 个别劳动时间 Hours of individual labor 借贷资本 Loan capital 28 社会必要劳动时间 Hours of social necessary labor 信用制度 The credit system 29 个别价值 Individual value 利息 Interest 30 社会价值 Social value 利息率 Interest rate 31 劳动强度 Intensity of labour 虚拟资本 Fictitious Capital 32 简单劳动 Simple labor 生息资本 The Interest-bearing capital 33 复杂劳动 Complicated labor 银行利润 Bank profit 34 劳动生产率 Labor productivity 股票 Stocks 35 私人劳动 Individual labor 股份公司 Stock company 36 社会劳动 Social labor 资本主义地租 Capitalist rent 37 生产方式 The mode of production 级差地租 Differential rent 38 货币 Currency 资本主义土地所有权 Capitalist land ownership 39

价值形式40Value patterns土地价格Price of Land41价值尺度Measure of value通货膨胀Inflation42流通手段Medium of circulation货币资本循环The circulation of money-capital43商品资本循环纸币流通规律The circulation of commodity-capitalCirculation law of currency44贮藏手段生产资本循环Storage meansThe circulation of productive capital45支付手段流通费用Means of paymentsThe expenses of circulation46世界货币资本循环World currencyThe circulation of capital47流通时间商品拜物教The fetishism of commoditiesThe time of circulation价值规律社会总资本48Value lawThe aggregatecapitalsocial49竞争社会总资本The aggregatesocialcapitalcompetition50竞争规律经济危机Competition lawEconomic crises 51 剩余价值资本主义再生产周期性Capitalist cycle of reproductionSurplus value52剥削生产集中ExploitationProductionconcentration垄断53劳动力商品Labor commodityMonopolization54资本主义生产过程Capitalist production Process国家基断资本主义State monopolycapitalism资本财政政策55CapitalFiscal policy56可变资本货币政策Monetary policyVariable capital57不变资本自由贸易Invariable capitalFree trade58经济发展追加资本Additional capitalEconomic development59剩余价值量Mass of Surplus-value经济稳定政策Economic stabilization policy60通货紧缩剩余价值率DeflationRate of surplusvalue61必要劳动时间Necessary labor金融市场financial market62剩余劳动时间反托拉斯法Surplus laborAntitrust law卡特尔63绝对剩余价值CartelAbsolute surplusvalue64超额剩余价值Excess surplus财政赤字Deficit budgetvalue65剩余价值规律发展中国家Surplus value lawDeveloping countries工资Wage社会保障66Socialsecurity67计时工资宏观调控TimewageMacroeconomicmanagement68计件工资宏观调控Piece rate wageMacroeconomic adjustment69简单再生产政府干预Simple reproductiongovernmentintervention70扩大再生产规制/管制Reproduction on an enlarged scaleRegulation71国际分工原始积累Primitive accumulationInternational division of labor-帝国主义72资本主义积累Capitalist accumulationImperialism73国家间的不平等相对人口过剩Arelative surplus-populationInequality between nations跨国公司Transnational corporation

价值形式 Value patterns 土地价格 Price of Land 40 价值尺度 Measure of value 通货膨胀 Inflation 41 流通手段 Medium of circulation 货币资本循环 The circulation of money-capital 42 纸币流通规律 Circulation law of currency 商品资本循环 The circulation of commodity-capital 43 贮藏手段 Storage means 生产资本循环 The circulation of productive capital 44 支付手段 Means of payments 流通费用 The expenses of circulation 45 世界货币 World currency 资本循环 The circulation of capital 46 商品拜物教 The fetishism of commodities 流通时间 The time of circulation 47 价值规律 Value law 社会总资本 The aggregate social capital 48 竞争 competition 社会总资本 The aggregate social capital 49 竞争规律 Competition law 经济危机 Economic crises 50 剩余价值 Surplus value 资本主义再生产周期性 Capitalist cycle of reproduction 51 剥削 Exploitation 生产集中 Production concentration 52 劳动力商品 Labor commodity 垄断 Monopolization 53 资本主义生产过程 Capitalist production Process 国家垄断资本主义 State monopoly capitalism 54 资本 Capital 财政政策 Fiscal policy 55 可变资本 Variable capital 货币政策 Monetary policy 56 不变资本 Invariable capital 自由贸易 Free trade 57 追加资本 Additional capital 经济发展 Economic development 58 剩余价值量 Mass of Surplus-value 经济稳定政策 Economic stabilization policy 59 剩余价值率 Rate of surplus value 通货紧缩 Deflation 60 必要劳动时间 Necessary labor 金融市场 financial market 61 剩余劳动时间 Surplus labor 反托拉斯法 Antitrust law 62 绝对剩余价值 Absolute surplus value 卡特尔 Cartel 63 超额剩余价值 Excess surplus value 财政赤字 Deficit budget 64 剩余价值规律 Surplus value law 发展中国家 Developing countries 65 工资 Wage 社会保障 Social security 66 计时工资 Time wage 宏观调控 Macroeconomic management 67 计件工资 Piece rate wage 宏观调控 Macroeconomic adjustment 68 简单再生产 Simple reproduction 政府干预 government intervention 69 扩大再生产 Reproduction on an enlarged scale 规制/管制 Regulation 70 原始积累 Primitive accumulation 国际分工 International division of labor 71 资本主义积累 Capitalist accumulation 帝国主义 Imperialism 72 相对人口过剩 A relative surplus-population 国家间的不平等 Inequality between nations 73 跨国公司 Transnational corporation