《信息技术战略管理》Chapter 8 Models and Decision Support

Chapter 8 Models and Decision Support The Strategic Management of Information Technology

Chapter 8 Models and Decision Support The Strategic Management of Information Technology

Transaction Processing System Input Process Output Software Design Systems Development Communication Information

Transaction Processing System Input Process Output Information Communication Systems Development Software Design

Mode Specific Way of Looking at the World specific and concrete mathematical equations subjective descriptions financial models consumer models management models Assist in Understanding more complex Issues enable comparison between model and actual results Some Processes Defy Modeling Too much variability or complexity

Model Specific Way of Looking at the World – specific and concrete – mathematical equations – subjective descriptions – financial models – consumer models – management models Assist in Understanding More Complex Issues – enable comparison between model and actual results Some Processes Defy Modeling – Too much variability or complexity

Uses of models Optimization Prediction Description Simulation

Uses of Models Optimization Prediction Description Simulation

Dangers of Models Number of alternatives Expense Time Difficulty to Mirror Reality

Dangers of Models Number of Alternatives Expense Time Difficulty to Mirror Reality

Biases in Decision-Making Acquisition(input) Processing Output Feedback

Biases in Decision-Making Acquisition (input) Processing Output Feedback

Re-Engineering Analyze and Model the Entire Company Make Major Changes to the Operation of the business Small Changes over Time can actually cause a business to be misaligned with its Target

Re-Engineering Analyze and Model the Entire Company Make Major Changes to the Operation of the Business Small Changes over Time can Actually cause a business to be misaligned with its Target

Object-Oriented Models Specify Attributes and Functions of Each Object Add New attributes to portray actual movement Capacity Time Required to Complete a Job Cost Physical objects Customer Order Entry Department Inventory Shipping Data objects Purchase Orders Routing Slips Parts Lists Shipping Schedules Invoices

Object-Oriented Models Specify Attributes and Functions of Each Object – Add New Attributes to Portray Actual Movement Capacity Time Required to Complete a Job Cost Physical Objects – Customer – Order Entry Department – Inventory – Shipping Data Objects – Purchase Orders – Routing Slips – Parts Lists – Shipping Schedules – Invoices

Operations Problems Operations Problems Well-Defined, Easy to Solve Transaction Processing Systems Collect the data Decision Affects Business for a day or Two

Operations Problems Operations Problems – Well-Defined, Easy to Solve – Transaction Processing Systems Collect the Data – Decision Affects Business for a Day or Two

Decision Support Systems Database Collects Model Evaluates Model should directly Access Database Different Brands of software are Used for Each Component Output Produces Graphs

Decision Support Systems Database – Collects Model – Evaluates – Model should Directly Access Database – Different Brands of Software are Used for Each Component Output – Produces – Graphs