《信息技术战略管理》Chapter 5 Database Management

Chapter 5 Database Management The Strategic Management of Information Systems

The Strategic Management of Information Systems

Transaction Processing System Input Process Output Communication Information

Input P Output rocess Information Communication

Today's Organization o Enterprise-Wide Development Entity Relationship Diagram General Information Systems Model o Object-Oriented Definition o Implementation of Suite Approach o Business Transaction Processing

l Enterprise-Wide Development – Entity Relationship Diagram – General Information Systems Model l Object-Oriented Definition l Implementation of Suite Approach l Business Transaction Processing

Steps Toward Integration Windowing Operating System OS/2 Presentation Manager Windows X-Windows(Sun) o Transaction Processing Systems Payroll Services Sales Order Processing Systems Process Control Systems Corporate Accounting Systems

l Windowing Operating System – OS/2 Presentation Manager – Windows – X-Windows (Sun) l Transaction Processing Systems – Payroll Services – Sales Order Processing Systems – Process Control Systems – Corporate Accounting Systems

Steps Toward Integration ●Muti- Tasking Allow Users to run different programs at the same time Windows OS/2(Presentation Manager) XWindows o Networks Enable Dynamic Integration from Several Sources

l Multi-Tasking – Allow Users to run different programs at the same time – Windows – OS/2 (Presentation Manager) – XWindows l Networks – Enable Dynamic Integration from Several Sources

Integration e Vertical Different Levels of production ex:Oil Company o Horizontal Retail Stores ex: Wal-Mart

l Vertical – Different Levels of Production – ex: Oil Company l Horizontal – Retail Stores – ex:Wal-Mart

Steps Toward Business Process Redesign Develop Business Vision and Process Objectives Prioritize Objectives and Set Targets Identify Process to Be Redesigned Identify Critical or Bottleneck Processes Understand and Measure Existing processes Identify Current Problems and Set Baseline Identify Information Technology Levers Brainstorm new Process Approaches Design and build a Prototy pe of the Process Implement Organizational and Technical Aspects

Develop Business Vision and Process Objectives Understand and Measure Existing Processes Identify Process to Be Redesigned Design and Build a Prototype of the Process Identify Information Technology Levers Prioritize Objectives and Set Targets Identify Critical or Bottleneck Processes Identify Current Problems and Set Baseline Brainstorm new Process Approaches Implement Organizational and Technical Aspects

Database Management Structure o Develop structure of each record according to selected data model o load data into database Update records in database o Generate reports from data in database o Maintain integrity of data in database o Maintain security by means of multilevel passwords

l Develop structure of each record according to selected data model l Load data into database l Update records in database l Generate reports from data in database l Maintain integrity of data in database l Maintain security by means of multilevel passwords

Database Management System Functions o Data Definition Language (DDL o Data Manipulation Language(DML) Query Language ● Report Writer ● Graphics Generator o Host Language Interface(HLD) ● Procedural Language o Data Dictionary

l Data Definition Language (DDL) l Data Manipulation Language (DML) l Query Language l Report Writer l Graphics Generator l Host Language Interface (HLI) l Procedural Language l Data Dictionary

Logical Model o Entity-Relationship Diagram Entities Relationships Between Entities Data normalization Process of eliminating data redundancies and functional dependencies within the logical model

l Entity-Relationship Diagram – Entities – Relationships Between Entities l Data Normalization – Process of eliminating data redundancies and functional dependencies within the logical model