山东大学：《医学生理学 Medical Physiology》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿，人体生理学 Human Physiology）Chapter 6 Gastrointestinal Physiology Gastrointestinal Regulation and Motility Part II Gastric Motility

III GASTRICMOTILNY

1 III GASTRIC MOTILITY

Major Function of Gastric Motility >To serve as a reservoir >To break food into small particles and mix food with gastric secretions To empty gastric contents into the duodenum at a controlled rate

2 Major Function of Gastric Motility ➢To serve as a reservoir ➢To break food into small particles and mix food with gastric secretions ➢ To empty gastric contents into the duodenum at a controlled rate

1. Anatomy and innervation of the Stomach

3 1. Anatomy and innervation of the Stomach

Esophagus Furdi ec民… —o Duodenum barc G想 sphincter brr CUTYEtUTE antrum

4

The stomach can be divided inte three anatomic regions and two functional regionS (B A B Fundus orus Antrum Gastric pump Gastric reservoir orpus Phasic contractions Tonic contractions 5

5 The stomach can be divided into three anatomic regions (A) and two functional regions (B) Gastric reservoir Tonic contractions Gastric pump Phasic contractions B Fundus Corpus Antrum Pylorus A

Functional Anatomy of stomach Oesophagus naus Lower Oesophageal Sphincter Fundus Storage Body Storage Duodenum Mu UCUs Pylorus HCI oay Pepsinogen Antrum Intrinsic factor Antrum Mixing/Grinding Gastrin

6 Oesophagus Lower Oesophageal Sphincter Fundus Body Antrum Duodenum Pylorus Functional Anatomy of Stomach Fundus Body Antrum • Storage • Storage • Mucus • HCl • Pepsinogen • Intrinsic factor • Mixing/Grinding • Gastrin

Anatomy Esophag Anterior Cardia muscle layer Circular cle layer Lesser curvature Pyloric sphincter (medial surface Duodenum Left gastroepiploic oblique muscle layer overlying mucosa Greater curvature Pyloric canal (lateral surface Pylorus Pyloric antrum Rugae

7 Anatomy

Innervation of the Gltraor Central nervous system Gastrointestinal tract Dorsal motor nucleus Esophagus vagus Cranial Vagus nerves Stomach Medulla oblongata Splanchnic nerves Prevertebral Small T1 ganglia intestine Celiac Superior mesenteric CHine mesenteric Large Sacral Pelvic nerves intestine

8 Innervation of the GI tract

2. Responses to GastriC-FiHling Receptive Relaxation

9 2. Responses to Gastric Filling – Receptive Relaxation

Receptive relaxation During chewing and swallowingfood the stimulation of food to the receptors in mouth, pharynx, and esophagus reflexly causes the smooth muscle of the fundus and body of the stomach to relax, This process allows the stomach to accommodate a large amounts of food and fluid 10

10 Receptive relaxation During chewing and swallowing food, the stimulation of food to the receptors in mouth, pharynx, and esophagus reflexly causes the smooth muscle of the fundus and body of the stomach to relax, This process allows the stomach to accommodate a large amounts of food and fluid