山东大学：《医学生理学 Medical Physiology》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿，人体生理学 Human Physiology）Chapter 12 Reproductive System

Reproductive System Section 1 Reproductive and Hormonal Functions of the male Section 2. Reproductive and hormonal Functions of the female Section 3. Hormonal control of the menstrual cycle Section 4 Pregnancy Section 5 Oxytocin

Reproductive System • Section 1 Reproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Male • Section 2. Reproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Female • Section 3. Hormonal control of the menstrual cycle • Section 4 Pregnancy • Section 5 Oxytocin

Section 1 Reproductive and Hormonal functions of the male

Section 1 Reproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Male

Functions of testes spermatogenesis seminiferous tubules secrete hormones testosterone- by the instestitial cels of leydig inhibin by sertoil cells

Functions of testes • spermatogenesis – seminiferous tubules • secrete hormones – testosterone - by the instestitial cels of Leydig, – inhibin - by Sertoil cells

Endocrine function of testes Androgens: testosterone, dihydrotesterone(双氢睾酮) and androstendione(雄烯二酮) Function of testosterone Maintenance of spermatogenesis Stimulation of development of genitalia Development and maintenance of the male secondary sexual characteristics Maintenance of libido Effect on metabolism increases anabolism of protein causes growth of the bones deposition of calcium salts enhancement of production of red cells

I. Endocrine Function of Testes • Androgens: testosterone, dihydrotesterone (双氢睾酮） and androstenodione （雄烯二酮） • Function of testosterone – Maintenance of spermatogenesis – Stimulation of development of genitalia. – Development and maintenance of the male secondary sexual characteristics. – Maintenance of libido. – Effect on metabolism. • increases anabolism of protein, • causes growth of the bones • deposition of calcium salts • enhancement of production of red cells

Endocrine Function of Testes(cont nhibin a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 31.000-32.000 Secreted byby sertoil cells in testis potent inhibitory effect on FSH secretion by pituitary gland slightly inhibitory in GnRH secretion

Endocrine Function of Testes (cont.) • Inhibin – a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 31,000-32,000 – Secreted by by Sertoil cells in testis – potent inhibitory effect on FSH secretion by pituitary gland. – slightly inhibitory in GnRH secretion

lI. Regulation of Testis Function Hypothalamic Pituitary-Testis Axis Hypothalamus GnRH GnRH Anterior FSH. LH pituitary Testerone FSH LH Negative Feedback Sertoli yang Mechanism cells Testosterone Inhibin Testosterone Inhibin Spermatogenesis Local regulation in Accessory Secondary sexual testes structures characteristics

II. Regulation of Testis Function • Hypothalamic￾Pituitary-Testis Axis – GnRH – FSH, LH – Testerone • Negative Feedback Mechanism – Testosterone – Inhibin • Local regulation in testes

Section 2 Reproductive and Hormonal functions of the Female

Section 2 Reproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Female

L Menstruation Ovulation and Hormonal Regulation Menstruation cycle or female sexual cycle Uterine cycle Proliferative phase(estrogen phase) Secretary phase(progesterone phase) · Menstruation Ovarian cycle Follicular phase Ovulation uteal pnase

I. Menstruation, Ovulation and Hormonal Regulation • Menstruation cycle or female sexual cycle – Uterine cycle • Proliferative phase (estrogen phase) • Secretary phase (progesterone phase) • Menstruation – Ovarian Cycle • Follicular phase • Ovulation • Luteal phase

Uterine Cycle Proliferative phase(estrogen phase) Secretary phase(progesterone phase) Menstruation 080%心w Proliferative Secretory Menstrual ase ph ase phase (11 days) (12 days) (5 days

Uterine Cycle • Proliferative phase (estrogen phase) • Secretary phase (progesterone phase) • Menstruation

Ovarian cycle Follicular phase Ovulation Luteal phase Corpus Germinal albicans epithelium primary follicle Zona pellucida Secondary follicle Cumulus oophorous Graafian Reproduction

Ovarian Cycle • Follicular phase • Ovulation • Luteal phase