山东大学：《医学生理学 Medical Physiology》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿，人体生理学 Human Physiology）Chapter 1 Introduction to Physiology（主讲：刘传勇）

Chapter 1 Introduction to Physiology

2 Chapter 1 Introduction to Physiology

Section i what is physiology? Physiology: biological sciences dealing with the normal life phenomena exhibited by all living organisms Human physiology: basic sciences dealing with normal life phenomena of the human body. ° Goal of physiology: explain the physical and chemical factors that are responsible for the origin development and progression of life

3 Section I What is Physiology? • Physiology: biological sciences • dealing with the normal life phenomena exhibited by all living organisms. • Human physiology: basic sciences • dealing with normal life phenomena of the human body. • Goal of physiology: • explain the physical and chemical factors that are responsible for the origin, development and progression of life

Human Physiology Physiology:(Greek) The study of nature the involvement of Physics and Chemistry. The basis for Pathophysiology Pharmacology Immunology Biochemistry Microbiology

4 Human Physiology • Physiology: (Greek) The study of nature, the involvement of Physics and Chemistry. • The basis for – Pathophysiology – Pharmacology – Immunology – Biochemistry – Microbiology

Why do we study physiology ? Understand the physical and chemical principle underlie normal function in order to cure the Impairments

5 Why do we study Physiology? Understand the physical and chemical principle underlie normal function in order to cure the impairments

Different Level of Physiological Research Organization of the human body Organisms Orga (Human body) Ors syste Tissue Cells

6 Organization of the human body Cells Tissues Organs Organ systems Organisms (Human body) Different Level of Physiological Research

The integration between systems of the body Nervous Endocrin system system Musculoskeletal Respiratory system Circulatory system Digestive system Reproductive Urinary system

7 The integration between systems of the body

Section ii internal environment and homeostasis Total body water=60%o Bw Extracellular fluid Blood plasma 1/5 1/3 Interstitial fluid 4/5 Intracellular fluid 2/3 400BW

8 Section II Internal Environment and Homeostasis Interstitial fluid Blood Plasma Intracellular fluid Total body water = 60 % BW = 40 % BW Extracellular fluid 2/3 1/3 1/5 4/5

Internal environment Intracellular iuid Plasma Interstitial fluid Extracellular fluid directly baths body cells Internal environment= Extracellular fluid

9 Internal environment Extracellular fluid directly baths body cells Internal environment = Extracellular fluid Plasma Interstitial fluid Intracellular fluid

Extracellular fluids luid 2. Plasma 1. Interstitial fluid 3. Fluid of special compartments: pericardial luid, pleural nuid, cerebrospinal fluid

10 Extracellular fluids Intracellular fluid 2. Plasma 1. Interstitial fluid 3. Fluid of special compartments: pericardial fluid, pleural fluid, cerebrospinal fluid

Homeostasis Maintenance of Relatively Constant Chemical/ Physical Conditions of the internal environment Claude bernard(1813-1878)France The internal environment remains relatively constant though there are changes in the external environment

11 Homeostasis • Maintenance of Relatively Constant Chemical/Physical Conditions of the internal environment. Claude Bernard__(1813-1878) France ...The internal environment remains relatively constant though there are changes in the external environment