东南大学：《固体力学基础》课程教学资源（文献资料）Hibbeler-2017-MECHANICS OF MATERIALS-TENTH EDITION

MECHANICSMATERIALSOFR.C.HIBBELERTENTHEDITION

MECHANICSOFATEBIALSTENTHEDITIONR.C.HIBBELERPEARSONBostonColumbusIndianapolisNewYork SanFrancisco Hoboken AmsterdamDelhiCapeTownDubaiLondonMadridMilanMunichParisMontrealTorontoMexico CitySaoPauloSeoulTaipeiTokyoSydneyHong KongSingapore

MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Hoboken Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montréal Toronto Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo R. C. HIBBELER TENTH EDITION

VicePresident andEditorial Director,ECS:Marcia J.HortonSeniorEditor:Norrin DiasEditorialAssistant:MichelleBaymanProgram/ProjectManagementTeamLead:ScottDisannoProgram Manager:Sandra L.RodriguezProject Manager:Rose KernanDirector of Operations: Nick SklitsisOperations Specialist:Maura Zaldivar-GarciaProductMarketingManager:BramVanKempenFieldMarketing Manager:DemetriusHallMarketingAssistant: Jon BryantCoverDesigner:BlackHorseDesignsCoverImage:Fotosearch/Getty ImagesCredits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbookappear on appropriate page within text. Unless otherwise specified, all photos provided by R.C. Hibbeler.Copyright 2017 2014, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates All Rights Reserved. Printed in theUnited States of America.Thispublication is protected by copyright,and permission should be obtained fromthe publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction,storage in a retrieval system,or transmission in any formor by any means, electronic, mechanical.photocopying,recording,or otherwise.For information regardingpermissions,request forms and the appropriate contacts within the Pearson Education Global Rights &Permissions Department,please visitwww.pearsoned.com/permissions/Many of the designations by manufacturers and seller to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarksWhere those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, thedesignations have been printed in initial caps or all caps.The author and publisher of this book have used their best efforts in preparing this book. These efforts includethe development, research, and testing of theories and programs to determine their effectiveness. The authorand publisher make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these programs or thedocumentation contained in this book. The author and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental orconsequential damages with, or arising out of, the furnishing. performance, or use of these programs.Pearson Education Ltd., LondonPearson Education Singapore, Pte. LtdPearson Education Canada, Inc.Pearson Education-JapanPearson Education Australia PTY, LimitedPearson Education North Asia, Ltd., Hong KongPearson Educacion de Mexico, S.A. de C.V.Pearson Education Malaysia, Pte. Ltd.Pearson Education, Inc.,Hoboken, New JerseyLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataHibbeler, R. C.Mechanics of materials / R.C.Hibbeler.Tenth edition.|Hoboken,NJ:Pearson, 2015.|Includes index.LCCN2015044964|ISBN9780134319650Materials.|Mechanics,Applied.|Strength of materials.|Structural analysis(Engineering)|Materials-Problems,exercises,etc.|Mechanics,Applied--Problems,exercises,etc.Strength ofmaterials-Problems, exercises, etc.Structural analysis(Engineering)-Problems,exercises, etc.LCCTA405.H472015|DDC620.1/123-dc23LCrecordavailableathttp://lccn.loc.gov/201504496410987654321PEARSONISBN 10: 0-13-431965-6ISBN13:978-0-13-431965-0

Vice President and Editorial Director, ECS: Marcia J. Horton Senior Editor: Norrin Dias Editorial Assistant: Michelle Bayman Program/Project Management Team Lead: Scott Disanno Program Manager: Sandra L. Rodriguez Project Manager: Rose Kernan Director of Operations: Nick Sklitsis Operations Specialist: Maura Zaldivar-Garcia Product Marketing Manager: Bram Van Kempen Field Marketing Manager: Demetrius Hall Marketing Assistant: Jon Bryant Cover Designer: Black Horse Designs Cover Image: Fotosearch/Getty Images Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Unless otherwise specified, all photos provided by R.C. Hibbeler. Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise. For information regarding permissions, request forms and the appropriate contacts within the Pearson Education Global Rights & Permissions Department, please visit www.pearsoned.com/permissions/. Many of the designations by manufacturers and seller to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. The author and publisher of this book have used their best efforts in preparing this book. These efforts include the development, research, and testing of theories and programs to determine their effectiveness. The author and publisher make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these programs or the documentation contained in this book. The author and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental or consequential damages with, or arising out of, the furnishing, performance, or use of these programs. Pearson Education Ltd., London Pearson Education Singapore, Pte. Ltd Pearson Education Canada, Inc. Pearson Education—Japan Pearson Education Australia PTY, Limited Pearson Education North Asia, Ltd., Hong Kong Pearson Educación de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. Pearson Education Malaysia, Pte. Ltd. Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hibbeler, R. C., Mechanics of materials / R.C. Hibbeler. Tenth edition. | Hoboken, NJ: Pearson, 2015. | Includes index. LCCN 2015044964 | ISBN 9780134319650 Materials. | Mechanics, Applied. | Strength of materials. | Structural analysis (Engineering) | Materials—Problems, exercises, etc. | Mechanics, Applied—Problems, exercises, etc. | Strength of materials—Problems, exercises, etc. | Structural analysis (Engineering)—Problems, exercises, etc. LCC TA405.H47 2015 | DDC 620.1/123—dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015044964 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-431965-6 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-431965-0

TotheStudentWiththehopethat thiswork will stimulatean interestinMechanics of Materialsandprovidean acceptableguidetoitsunderstanding

To the Student With the hope that this work will stimulate an interest in Mechanics of Materials and provide an acceptable guide to its understanding

PREFACEIt is intended that this bookprovidethe student with a clear and thoroughpresentationofthetheoryandapplicationoftheprinciplesofmechanicsofmaterials.Toachievethisobjective,overtheyearsthisworkhasbeenshaped by the comments and suggestions of hundreds of reviewers in theteaching profession, as well as many of the author's students.The tentheditionhasbeensignificantlyenhancedfromthepreviousedition,anditis hoped that both the instructor and student will benefit greatly fromtheseimprovements.NEW TO THISEDITION.Updated Material. Many topics in the book have been re-written inorder to further enhance clarity and to be more succinct.Also,some ofthe artwork has been enlarged and improved throughout the book tosupport these changes..NewLayout Design.Additional design featureshave been added tothiseditiontoprovidea betterdisplay of thematerial.Almostall thetopicsare presented on a one or two page spread so that page turning isminimized.Improved Preliminary and Fundamental Problems. These problems setsare located just after eachgroupof exampleproblems.Theyoffer studentsbasicapplicationsoftheconceptscoveredineachsection,andtheyhelpprovide the chance to develop their problem-solving skills beforeattemptingtosolveanyofthestandardproblemsthatfollow.Theproblemssets may be considered as extended examples, since in this edition theircomplete solutions aregiven intheback ofthebook.Additionally,whenassigned, theseproblems offer students an excellentmeans of preparingfor exams,and they can beused at a later timeasareviewwhen studyingfortheFundamentalsofEngineeringExamNewPhotos.Therelevanceofknowingthe subject matter is reflectedby the real-world application of the 14 new or updated photos placedthroughout the book.These photos generallyareused to explain howthe principles applyto real-world situations and howmaterials behaveunder load

PREFACE It is intended that this book provide the student with a clear and thorough presentation of the theory and application of the principles of mechanics of materials. To achieve this objective, over the years this work has been shaped by the comments and suggestions of hundreds of reviewers in the teaching profession, as well as many of the author’s students. The tenth edition has been significantly enhanced from the previous edition, and it is hoped that both the instructor and student will benefit greatly from these improvements. NEW TO THIS EDITION • Updated Material. Many topics in the book have been re-written in order to further enhance clarity and to be more succinct. Also, some of the artwork has been enlarged and improved throughout the book to support these changes. • New Layout Design. Additional design features have been added to this edition to provide a better display of the material. Almost all the topics are presented on a one or two page spread so that page turning is minimized. • Improved Preliminary and Fundamental Problems. These problems sets are located just after each group of example problems. They offer students basic applications of the concepts covered in each section, and they help provide the chance to develop their problem-solving skills before attempting to solve any of the standard problems that follow. The problems sets may be considered as extended examples, since in this edition their complete solutions are given in the back of the book. Additionally, when assigned, these problems offer students an excellent means of preparing for exams, and they can be used at a later time as a review when studying for the Fundamentals of Engineering Exam. • New Photos. The relevance of knowing the subject matter is reflected by the real-world application of the 14 new or updated photos placed throughout the book. These photos generally are used to explain how the principles apply to real-world situations and how materials behave under load

VIIIPREFACENewProblems.There are approximately30%,or about 430 problemsadded tothis edition,whichinvolveapplicationstomanydifferentfieldsof engineering..New ReviewProblems.Updated review problems have been placed attheend of each chapter so that instructors can assign them as additionalpreparationforexams.CONTENTSThe subject matter is organized into14 chapters.Chapter1 begins withareviewoftheimportantconceptsof statics,followedbyaformaldefinition of both normal and shear stress,and a discussion of normalstress in axially loaded members and averageshear stress caused bydirect shearIn Chapter 2normal and shear strain aredefined, and in Chapter 3 adiscussion of some of the importantmechanical properties ofmaterialsis given. Separate treatments of axial load, torsion, and bending arepresented in Chapters 4,5,and 6,respectively. In each of these chapters,both linear-elastic and plastic behavior of thematerial covered intheprevious chapters,where the state of stress results from combinedloadings. In Chapter 9 the concepts for transforming multiaxial statesof stress are presented. In a similar manner, Chapter 10 discusses themethods for straintransformation,includingtheapplication of varioustheories of failure.Chapter1l provides a meansfor a further summaryand review of previous material by covering design applications ofbeams and shafts.In Chapter 12 various methodsfor computingdeflections of beams and shafts are covered.Also included is adiscussion for finding the reactions on thesemembersif they arestaticallyindeterminate.Chapter13provides a discussion of columnbuckling, and lastly, in Chapter 14 the problem of impact and theapplication of various energy methods for computing deflectionsare considered.Sectionsofthebookthatcontainmoreadvancedmaterial areindicatedbya star (*).Timepermitting,some of thesetopicsmaybeincluded inthe course.Furthermore, this material provides a suitable reference forbasicprinciples when it is covered in other courses,and it can beused asabasisforassigningspecialprojects

viii Preface • New Problems. There are approximately 30%, or about 430 problems added to this edition, which involve applications to many different fields of engineering. • New Review Problems. Updated review problems have been placed at the end of each chapter so that instructors can assign them as additional preparation for exams. CONTENTS The subject matter is organized into 14 chapters. Chapter 1 begins with a review of the important concepts of statics, followed by a formal definition of both normal and shear stress, and a discussion of normal stress in axially loaded members and average shear stress caused by direct shear. In Chapter 2 normal and shear strain are defined, and in Chapter 3 a discussion of some of the important mechanical properties of materials is given. Separate treatments of axial load, torsion, and bending are presented in Chapters 4, 5, and 6, respectively. In each of these chapters, both linear-elastic and plastic behavior of the material covered in the previous chapters, where the state of stress results from combined loadings. In Chapter 9 the concepts for transforming multiaxial states of stress are presented. In a similar manner, Chapter 10 discusses the methods for strain transformation, including the application of various theories of failure. Chapter 11 provides a means for a further summary and review of previous material by covering design applications of beams and shafts. In Chapter 12 various methods for computing deflections of beams and shafts are covered. Also included is a discussion for finding the reactions on these members if they are statically indeterminate. Chapter 13 provides a discussion of column buckling, and lastly, in Chapter 14 the problem of impact and the application of various energy methods for computing deflections are considered. Sections of the book that contain more advanced material are indicated by a star (*). Time permitting, some of these topics may be included in the course. Furthermore, this material provides a suitable reference for basic principles when it is covered in other courses, and it can be used as a basis for assigning special projects

IXPREFACEAlternative Method of Coverage.Some instructors prefer tocover stress and strain transformationsfirst, beforediscussing specificapplications of axial load,torsion,bending,and shear.Onepossiblemethod fordoing this would befirstto coverstress and itstransformation, Chapter1and Chapter 9,followed by strain and itstransformation, Chapter2 andthefirstpart of Chapter 10.Thediscussionandexampleproblemsintheselaterchaptershavebeenstyled so that this is possible. Also, the problem sets have beensubdivided sothat thismaterial canbecoveredwithoutpriorknowledgeof the intervening chapters.Chapters 3 through 8 can then be coveredwithno lossincontinuityHALLMARKELEMENTSOrganization and Approach.The contents of each chapter areorganized into well-defined sections that containan explanation ofspecific topics, illustrative example problems, and a set of homeworkproblems.The topics within each section are placed into subgroupsdefinedby titles.Thepurpose of this is topresent a structured method forintroducing each new definition or concept and to make the bookconvenientforlaterreferenceandreview.ChapterContents.Eachchapterbegins withafull-page illustrationthat indicates abroad-range application of thematerial within thechapter.The"Chapter Objectives"arethenprovided togiveageneral overviewof the material that will be covered.Procedures for Analysis.Found after many of the sections of thebook,this uniquefeatureprovides thestudentwith alogical and orderlymethod tofollow when applying the theory.The example problems aresolved using this outlined method in order to clarify its numericalapplication.It is to beunderstood,however,that once the relevantprinciples have beenmasteredandenough confidence and judgment havebeen obtained,the student can then develophis or her own proceduresfor solvingproblems.Photographs. Many photographs are used throughout the book toenhance conceptual understanding and explain how the principles ofmechanics of materials apply to real-world situations

Preface ix Alternative Method of Coverage. Some instructors prefer to cover stress and strain transformations first, before discussing specific applications of axial load, torsion, bending, and shear. One possible method for doing this would be first to cover stress and its transformation, Chapter 1 and Chapter 9, followed by strain and its transformation, Chapter 2 and the first part of Chapter 10. The discussion and example problems in these later chapters have been styled so that this is possible. Also, the problem sets have been subdivided so that this material can be covered without prior knowledge of the intervening chapters. Chapters 3 through 8 can then be covered with no loss in continuity. HALLMARK ELEMENTS Organization and Approach. The contents of each chapter are organized into well-defined sections that contain an explanation of specific topics, illustrative example problems, and a set of homework problems. The topics within each section are placed into subgroups defined by titles. The purpose of this is to present a structured method for introducing each new definition or concept and to make the book convenient for later reference and review. Chapter Contents. Each chapter begins with a full-page illustration that indicates a broad-range application of the material within the chapter. The “Chapter Objectives” are then provided to give a general overview of the material that will be covered. Procedures for Analysis. Found after many of the sections of the book, this unique feature provides the student with a logical and orderly method to follow when applying the theory. The example problems are solved using this outlined method in order to clarify its numerical application. It is to be understood, however, that once the relevant principles have been mastered and enough confidence and judgment have been obtained, the student can then develop his or her own procedures for solving problems. Photographs. Many photographs are used throughout the book to enhance conceptual understanding and explain how the principles of mechanics of materials apply to real-world situations

XPREFACEImportantPoints.Thisfeatureprovidesa reviewor summaryofthemost important concepts in a section and highlights the most significantpointsthat shouldberealizedwhen applyingthetheoryto solveproblems.ExampleProblems.All the exampleproblems arepresented inaconcise manner and in a style that is easy to understand.Homework Problems.Apartfrom ofthepreliminary,fundamental,andconceptualproblems,therearenumerous standardproblemsinthebookthatdepictrealistic situationsencountered inengineeringpractice.Itishopedthatthisrealismwillbothstimulatethestudent'sinterestinthe subjectandprovide ameans for developingtheskill toreduce anysuchproblemfromitsphysicaldescriptiontoamodelorasymbolicrepresentation to which principles may be applied.Throughout thebook there is an approximatebalanceof problems using eitherSI orFPS units.Furthermore,inany set,an attempt has beenmadeto arrangetheproblems inorder of increasingdifficulty.Theanswerstoallbuteveryfourthproblemarelisted intheback of thebook.Toalert theusertoaproblemwithoutareported answer,anasterisk(*)isplacedbeforetheproblemnumber.Answersarereportedtothreesignificantfigures, even though the data for material properties may be knownwithlessaccuracy.Althoughthismightappeartobeapoorpractice,itisdonesimplytobeconsistent,andtoallowthestudent abetterchanceto validatehis orher solution.Appendices.The appendicesof the book providea sourceforreviewand a listing of tabulardata.AppendixAprovides information on thecentroid and the moment of inertia of an area.Appendices B and C listtabular datafor structural shapes,and thedeflection and slopesofvarioustypes ofbeams and shafts.Accuracy Checking.The Tenth Edition has undergone a rigorousTripleAccuracyCheckingreview.Inadditionto the author's reviewof allartpieces and pages,thetext was checked by thefollowing individuals·Scott Hendricks, VirginiaPolytechnicUniversityKarimNohra,Universityof SouthFlorida·Kurt Norlin,BittnerDevelopmentGroupKaiBengYap,EngineeringConsultant

x Preface Important Points. This feature provides a review or summary of the most important concepts in a section and highlights the most significant points that should be realized when applying the theory to solve problems. Example Problems. All the example problems are presented in a concise manner and in a style that is easy to understand. Homework Problems. Apart from of the preliminary, fundamental, and conceptual problems, there are numerous standard problems in the book that depict realistic situations encountered in engineering practice. It is hoped that this realism will both stimulate the student’s interest in the subject and provide a means for developing the skill to reduce any such problem from its physical description to a model or a symbolic representation to which principles may be applied. Throughout the book there is an approximate balance of problems using either SI or FPS units. Furthermore, in any set, an attempt has been made to arrange the problems in order of increasing difficulty. The answers to all but every fourth problem are listed in the back of the book. To alert the user to a problem without a reported answer, an asterisk (*) is placed before the problem number. Answers are reported to three significant figures, even though the data for material properties may be known with less accuracy. Although this might appear to be a poor practice, it is done simply to be consistent, and to allow the student a better chance to validate his or her solution. Appendices. The appendices of the book provide a source for review and a listing of tabular data. Appendix A provides information on the centroid and the moment of inertia of an area. Appendices B and C list tabular data for structural shapes, and the deflection and slopes of various types of beams and shafts. Accuracy Checking. The Tenth Edition has undergone a rigorous Triple Accuracy Checking review. In addition to the author’s review of all art pieces and pages, the text was checked by the following individuals: • Scott Hendricks, Virginia Polytechnic University • Karim Nohra, University of South Florida • Kurt Norlin, Bittner Development Group • Kai Beng Yap, Engineering Consultant

XIPREFACEACKNOWLEDGMENTSOvertheyears,thistexthasbeenshapedbythesuggestionsandcommentsofmanyofmycolleaguesintheteachingprofession.Theirencouragementandwillingnesstoprovideconstructivecriticismareverymuchappreciatedand it is hoped that they will accept this anonymous recognition. A noteof thanks is given to thereviewers.S.Apple,Arkansas Tech UniversityA.Bazar,UniversityofCalifornia,FullertonM.Hughes, Auburn UniversityR.Jackson,AuburnUniversityE. Tezak, Aifred State CollegeH.Zhao,ClemsonUniversityThereare afewpeople that Ifeel deserveparticular recognition.A long-time friend and associate, Kai Beng Yap, was of great help to me inpreparingtheproblem solutions.A special noteof thanks alsogoestoKurt Norlin in this regard.During theproductionprocessI amthankfulfor theassistance of RoseKernan,myproduction editor for manyyears,and tomywife, Conny,for her helpin proofreading and typing,that wasneeded topreparethemanuscriptforpublication.Iwould alsoliketothankallmystudentswhohaveusedthepreviousedition and havemade commentstoimproveits contents; includingallthose in the teaching profession who have taken the time to e-mail metheir comments, but in particular G.H.Nazari.I would greatly appreciate hearing from you if at any time you haveany comments or suggestions regarding the contents of this editionRussell Charles Hibbelerhibbeler@bellsouth.net

Preface xi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Over the years, this text has been shaped by the suggestions and comments of many of my colleagues in the teaching profession. Their encouragement and willingness to provide constructive criticism are very much appreciated and it is hoped that they will accept this anonymous recognition. A note of thanks is given to the reviewers. S. Apple, Arkansas Tech University A. Bazar, University of California, Fullerton M. Hughes, Auburn University R. Jackson, Auburn University E. Tezak, Alfred State College H. Zhao, Clemson University There are a few people that I feel deserve particular recognition. A long￾time friend and associate, Kai Beng Yap, was of great help to me in preparing the problem solutions. A special note of thanks also goes to Kurt Norlin in this regard. During the production process I am thankful for the assistance of Rose Kernan, my production editor for many years, and to my wife, Conny, for her help in proofreading and typing, that was needed to prepare the manuscript for publication. I would also like to thank all my students who have used the previous edition and have made comments to improve its contents; including all those in the teaching profession who have taken the time to e-mail me their comments, but in particular G. H. Nazari. I would greatly appreciate hearing from you if at any time you have any comments or suggestions regarding the contents of this edition. Russell Charles Hibbeler hibbeler@bellsouth.net

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