武汉理工大学：《英语言学》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿，英文版）Chapter Seven Language, Culture societ

Chapter Seven Language Culture Societ Language Culture Language Society

Chapter Seven Language, Culture & Society • Language & Culture • Language & Society

s Language is an essential and important part of a given culture and the impact of culture up a given language is something intrinsic and indispensable

❖I Language is an essential and important part of a given culture and the impact of culture up a given language is something intrinsic and indispensable

Language and culture Malinowski 令 Johnf. Firth 令 Franz boas 冷 Edward Sapir Benjamin Lee Whorf 冷 Halliday

II Language and Culture ❖ Malinowski ❖ John P. Firth ❖ Franz Boas ❖ Edward Sapir ❖ Benjamin Lee Whorf ❖ Halliday

Malinowski 冷 Anthropologist Social Cultural context Trobriand islands off eastern New guinea In its primitive uses, language functions as a link in concerted human activity

Malinowski ❖ Anthropologist Social Cultural Context Trobriand Islands off eastern New Guinea “In its primitive uses, language functions as a link in concerted human activity…

John p firth: London school Theory of Context of Situation A. The relevant features of the participants persons, personalities The verbal action of the participants (i The non-verbal action of the participants B. The relevant objects C. The effects of the verbal action Sociological axiom in language use Who speaks(or writes)what language(what language variety) to whom and when and to What end

John P. Firth: London School Theory of Context of Situation A. The relevant features of the participants: persons, personalities (i) The verbal action of the participants (ii) The non-verbal action of the participants B. The relevant objects C. The effects of the verbal action Sociological axiom in language use: “Who speaks (or writes) what language (what language variety) to whom and when and to what end

Sapir-Whorf Hypotheses o Our language helps mould our way of thinking and, consequently, different languages may probably express our unique ways of understanding the world o Language may determine our thinking patterns similarity between languages is relative, the greater their structural differentiation is, the more diverse their conceptualization of the world will be .o Linguistic Determinism Linguistic Relativity

Sapir-Whorf Hypotheses ❖ Our language helps mould our way of thinking and, consequently, different languages may probably express our unique ways of understanding the world. ❖ Language may determine our thinking patterns; similarity between languages is relative, the greater their structural differentiation is, the more diverse their conceptualization of the world will be. ❖ Linguistic Determinism Linguistic Relativity

Halliday 冷 Linguistic Potentia %o Actual Linguistic Behavior Social semiotics Meaning potential

Halliday ❖ Linguistic Potential ❖ Actual Linguistic Behavior Social Semiotics Meaning potential

I Language Society Aqe Occupation Social factors Social status Gende Education Regional Factors

III Language & Society Gender Age Occupation Social Status Education Regional Factors Social Factors