《当代英国概况》（英文版） Chapter 8 Crime & the Police

Chapter 8 Crime the P olice Xiao Huiyun November 2005 English faculty gdUFs

Chapter 8 Crime & the Police Xiao Huiyun November, 2005 English Faculty, GDUFS

a1 Introduction u Definition of crime --Crime is behaviour that breaks those rules of a society which are codified in the criminal law.(p131) a Crimes are defined and punished by statutes and by the common law a In a changing society the opportunities for people to commit crimes also change a Changes in patterns of work in unemployment and in the increased amount of leisure time may all be reflected in the patterns of crime found in Britain. E.g. car-stealing for joy-rides, computor fraud drunk drive etc

A 1 Introduction  Definition of crime --Crime is behaviour that breaks those rules of a society which are codified in the criminal law. (p131)  Crimes are defined and punished by statutes and by the common law .  In a changing society the opportunities for people to commit crimes also change .  Changes in patterns of work, in unemployment and in the increased amount of leisure time may all be reflected in the patterns of crime found in Britain. E.g. car-stealing for joy-rides, computor fraud, drunk drive , etc

a 2 Crime in britain today a Most of the crimes committed in britain (90% are crimes against property i.e theft handling stolen goods fraud forgery and criminal damage aA large number of these crimes involve cars a Offences recorded by the police in England wales(in thousands)(P132)

A 2 Crime in Britain Today  Most of the crimes committed in Britain (90%) are crimes against property i.e. theft, handling stolen goods, fraud, forgery and criminal damage .  A large number of these crimes involve cars.  Offences recorded by the police in England & Wales (in thousands) (P132)

A 2 Crime in Britain Today(cont) a British crime levels are soaring 口“. But now, like the us, the uk has a crime problem and, believe it or not, except for murder, theirs is worse than ours.(Dan Rather, 2000) a US newsman says Britain is riddled with crime." Tony Harnden. Telegraph. June 29, 2000

A 2 Crime in Britain Today (cont.)  British crime levels are soaring.  “ ….But now, like the US, the UK has a crime problem and, believe it or not, except for murder, theirs is worse than ours." (Dan Rather, 2000)  US newsman says Britain is riddled with crime." Tony Harnden. Telegraph. June 29, 2000

a 3 Victims offenders a Fear of being a victim varies according to age and sex. What are the main patterns that you notice from the table on p133? a How do these fears relate to the numbers of offences recorded? (Look back at the table on p132) Who are the offenders? a% of offenders are male a Many offences are committed by companles

A 3 Victims & Offenders  Fear of being a victim varies according to age and sex. What are the main patterns that you notice from the table on p133?  How do these fears relate to the numbers of offences recorded? (Look back at the table on p132)  Who are the offenders?  80% of offenders are male  Many offences are committed by companies

a 4 The causes of crime Which ofthese factors, in your view, are the main causes ofcrime in Britain today? Poor policing Television Lack of discipline at school Alcohol Lack of discipline by parents 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%

A 4 The Causes of Crime Which of these factors, in your view, are the main causes of crime in Britain today? 0 % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% Lack of discipline by parents Drugs Alcohol Too lenient sentencing Unemployment Lack of discipline at school Poverty Television Poor policing National newspapers

A 4 The Causes of Crime (cont a Older people tend to a younger people tend blame.. parents, to blame too enient unemployment sentencing,… lack of poverty,…. drugs school discipline 口 Working- class peop/e 口 Middle- class peop/e tend to blame too tend to blame lenient sentencing parents a Men tend to blame o Women tend to blame lack of school too lenient sentencing discipline

A 4 The Causes of Crime (cont.)  Older people tend to blame … parents,… too lenient sentencing,… lack of school discipline  Middle-class people tend to blame … parents  Women tend to blame too lenient sentencing  Younger people tend to blame … unemployment,… poverty,… drugs  Working-class people tend to blame too lenient sentencing  Men tend to blame… lack of school discipline

a 4 the Causes of Crime (cont a The young differed substantially from their elders on school discipline. only 39%of the youngest age group gave lack of school discipline as a main cause of crime against 62% of the over 55s D A Sociological interpretation of Juvenile crime a Marital discord poor parental supervision and erratic child-rearing behaviour have been identified as important causes of juvenile delinquency and it has been suggested that parent training might reduce their childrens offending

A 4 the Causes of Crime (cont.)  The young differed substantially from their elders on school discipline. Only 39% of the youngest age group gave lack of school discipline as a main cause of crime, against 62% of the over 55s.  A Sociological Interpretation of Juvenile Crime  Marital discord, poor parental supervision and erratic child-rearing behaviour have been identified as important causes of juvenile delinquency, and it has been suggested that parent training might reduce their children’s offending

A 5 Victim Support by govern a Key facts Victim Support offers help to more than one million victims of crime and to more than 120,000 witnesses each year a Young people particularly ly young men, are most prone to being the victim of violence. People aged 65 and over have the lowest risk a Overall people were less worried about crime The proportion of people very worried about crime fell from 22/ to 19% for burglary 19% to 18% for mugging and 25%/ to 21% for theft of cars a The criminal Injuries Compensation Authorit eceived 75,030 applications during 1996/97 their first year of operation

A 5 Victim Support (by govern.)  Key facts Victim Support offers help to more than one million victims of crime and to more than 120,000 witnesses each year.  Young people, particularly young men, are most prone to being the victim of violence. People aged 65 and over have the lowest risk.  Overall, people were less worried about crime. The proportion of people very worried about crime fell from 22% to 19% for burglary, 19% to 18% for mugging, and 25% to 21% for theft of cars.  The Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority received 75,030 applications during 1996/97 (their first year of operation)

A 5 Victim Support a Victim Support groups has grown substantially a These are an association of local independent charitable schemes providing advice and assistance to victims of crime involving more than 16,000 voluntary workers a There are now more than 1 million people referred to such groups each year

A 5 Victim Support  Victim Support Groups has grown substantially.  These are an association of local, independent charitable schemes providing advice and assistance to victims of crime, involving more than 16,000 voluntary workers.  There are now more than 1 million people referred to such groups each year