《当代英国概况》（英文版） Chapter 13 System of Government

Chapter 13 System of Government December 2005 Xiao Huiyun

Chapter 13 System of Government December, 2005 Xiao Huiyun

The System of Government Representative Democracy and also known as Parliamentary Democracy Monarch--Constitutional Monarch What powers does the Queen have? The sovereign personifies the state and is in law, an integral part of the legislature, head of the executive, head of the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all armed forces of the Crown and the ' supreme governorof the Church of England

The System of Government • Representative Democracy and also known as Parliamentary Democracy • Monarch -- Constitutional Monarch • What powers does the Queen have? • The Sovereign personifies the state and is, in law, an integral part of the legislature, head of the executive, head of the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all armed forces of the Crown and the ‘supreme Governor’ of the Church of England

The monarch Queen Elizabeth‖l · Real name: Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor Birth 21 April 1926 in London Children 3 sons. 1 daughter

The Monarch • Queen Elizabeth II • Real name: Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor • Birth: 21 April 1926 in London • Children: 3 sons, 1 daughter

The monarch The monarch is bound by statute to not be a roman Catholic or marry a roman Catholic on the death of a monarch the oldest male heir will succeed to the throne the death of monarch does not affect the holding of the office under the crown as laid out in the demise of the Crown act of 1 901 In the event of illness, a monarch may appoint Counsellors of state to exercise certain royal functions as laid out in the regency Acts 1937-53

The Monarch • The monarch is bound by statute to: • not be a Roman Catholic or marry a Roman Catholic • on the death of a monarch, the oldest male heir will succeed to the throne • the death of monarch does not affect the holding of the office under the Crown as laid out in the Demise of the Crown Act of 1901. • In the event of illness, a monarch may appoint Counsellors of State to exercise certain royal functions as laid out in the Regency Acts 1937-53

Legislature Parliament is the highest legislative authority in the United Kingdom -the institution responsible for making and epealing K law. It is also known as the Legislature. It consists of three constituent parts House of commons House of lords Crown

Legislature • Parliament is the highest legislative authority in the United Kingdom – the institution responsible for making and repealing UK law. It is also known as the Legislature. It consists of three constituent parts: • House of Commons • House of Lords • Crown

Parliament The Queen House of lords The House of commons

Parliament House of Lords The House of Commons The Queen

Executive · EXECUTIVE Civil service ( non- ·? Prime minister’and political) Permanent Ministers’or officials employed by Secretaries of state government. Advise (about 25)(Political Ministers and Heads of government implement policy. Top Departments), all officials popularly MPS form cabinet known as 'mandarins Also Junior ministers but accountable to Parliament

Executive • EXECUTIVE • ‘Prime Minister’ and ‘Ministers’ or ‘Secretaries of State’ (about 25) (Political Heads of Government Departments), all MPs, form Cabinet Also Junior Ministers • Civil Service(non￾political) Permanent officials employed by government. Advise Ministers and implement policy. Top officials popularly known as ‘mandarins’ but accountable to Parliament

Judiciary JUDICIARY(non-political Headed by lord chancellor, a leading Law Lord appointed by the Prime Minister. House of lords is the highest court-will be replaced by the supreme Court and there will not be lord chancellor in the near future, and all this is part of the Constitutional Reform promised by Labour government

Judiciary • JUDICIARY(non-political) • Headed by Lord Chancellor, a leading Law Lord appointed by the Prime Minister. House of Lords is the highest court – will be replaced by the Supreme Court and there will not be Lord Chancellor in the near future, and all this is part of the Constitutional Reform promised by Labour government

Basic structure of uk central Government Monarch (non-political). Legislature Executiv Judiciary Parliament (non-political) Prime minister House of lords House of Commons (political) (semi-political) Cabinet House of lords (political) Ministers Civil service Court of Appeal (non-political)

Basic Structure of UK Central Government Monarch (non-political) Legislature ---Parliament Executive Judiciary (non-political) House of Commons (political) House of Lords (semi-political) Prime Minister & Cabinet (political) Ministers & Civil service (non-political) House of Lords Court of Appeal

Functions of parliament Parliament has three main functions to examine proposals for new laws to scrutinise government policy and administration to debate the major issues of the day

Functions of Parliament **** • Parliament has three main functions: • to examine proposals for new laws; • to scrutinise government policy and administration; • to debate the major issues of the day