《英语语法与写作》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）被动语态 Passive Voice

被动语态 Passive Voice

被动语态 Passive Voice

被动语态概说 语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之 间的关系。 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当 句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态 由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来

语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之 间的关系。 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当 句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态 由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。 被动语态概说

改为被动语态 His brother washes bowls every day 主 谓 宾（受动者） Bowls are washed his brother every day. 被动语态的构成：（八种时态下的被动语态）

His brother washes bowls every day. 主 谓 宾(受动者) Bowls are washed by his brother every day. 改为被动语态 被动语态的构成：(八种时态下的被动语态）

1)am/is/are+done(过去分词)一般现在时 Visitors are asked not to touch the exhibits.() 2)has /have been done现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed 3)am/is/are being done现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here. 4)was/were done一般过去时 I was given ten minutes to decide. 5)had been done.过去完成时 By the end of last year,another new gym had been completed in Beijing

1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 2) has /have been done 现在完成时 3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时 4)was/were done 一般过去时 5)had been done 过去完成时 Visitors are asked not to touch the exhibits.(展品） All the preparations for the task have been completed A new cinema is being built here． I was given ten minutes to decide. By the end of last year, another new gym had been completed in Beijing

6)was/were being done过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there. 7)shall/wilⅢbe done一般将来时 Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8)should/would be done过去将来时 The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构 其形式为：情态动词十be十过去分词。 The baby can be taken good care of by the baby-sitter

6)was/were being done 过去进行时 7)shall/will be done 一般将来时 8） should/would be done 过去将来时 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1）带情态动词的被动结构 其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 A meeting was being held when I was there. Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. The baby can be taken good care of by the baby-sitter

2)一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider,expect,report,.say,suppose,think等可以用 于句型 “It十be十过去分词十that从句”或“主语十be十过去分 词十to do sth.”。有： It is said that.据说， It is reported that.据报道， It is believed that.大家相信 It is hoped that.大家希望， It is well known that.众所周知， It is thought that.大家认为， hf the Boyhpassed the national exam =The boy is said to have passed the national exam

It is said that the boy has passed the national exam ＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam 2）一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用 于句型 “It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分 词＋to do sth.”。有： It is said that. 据说, It is reported that.据报道， It is believed that.大家相信 It is hoped that.大家希望， It is well known that.众所周知， It is thought that.大家认为， It is suggested that.据建议

主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题 1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留主动语态原来的时态。 如：She often cleans the house. The house is often cleaned by her. 2有些动词可以有双宾语，在用于被动结构时， 通常变为主语的是间接宾语(sb.) His mother gave m a present for his birthday was given a present by his mother for his birthday

主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题 1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留主动语态原来的时态。 如：She often cleans the house. The house is often cleaned by her. 2.有些动词可以有双宾语，在用于被动结构时， 通常变为主语的是间接宾语（sb.） His mother gave him a present for his birthday He was given a present by his mother for his birthday

3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时， 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。 Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette( -The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4)在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,.notice,. hear,feel,observe等变为被动结构时，要加to Someone a stranger into the building =A stranger was seen to walk into the building

3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时， 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动. Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette(香烟） =The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等变为被动结构时，要加to Someone saw a stranger walk into the building =A stranger was seen to walk into the building

5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词十介词” “动词十副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们 看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能 省略。 The meeting is to benn till Friday

5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”， “动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们 看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能 省略。 The meeting is to be put off till Friday

不用被动语态的情况 )不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：appear,die disappear, end(vi.结束)，fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread, stand,break out,come true,fall asleep,keep silence,lose heart,.take place等。 After the fire,very little remained of my house. 要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不 及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。 2)不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit,have,hold, marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watch,agree with,arrive at in,shake hands with,succeed in,suffer from,happen to, take part in,walk into,belong to This key just fits the lock. Your story agrees with what had already been heard

不用被动语态的情况 1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态： appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand , break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place 等。 After the fire, very little remained of my house. 要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不 及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。 2) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语： fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch, agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to This key just fits the lock. Your story agrees with what had already been heard