大学英语阅读理解之推断题（含答案）

阅读理解之推断题练习推断题分类-A.推断隐含意义B.推断作者观点或态度C.推断写作目的D.推断文章出处E.推断上下文内容如何推断隐含意义.1.提问形式A. It can be inferred from the text thatB.From the text we know that .. is most likelyC.Whenthewritertalksabout...,whatthewriterD.reallymeansisF.The writer suggests thatG.ThestoryimpliesthatF..Wecan infer [conclude]fromthepassagethat2.技巧点拨1).全面分析2).忠实原文3).不要选择表层信息3.Practice:Passage 1:Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? Ifso, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meantthat someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called "the deathwatch beetle."(1分钟）.The sound of this beetleA.pleased people.B. surprised peopleC. frightened people.D. excited people.Passage 2:Several different bison species have lived on the North American continent since theIce Age; today only two exist. The wood bison is the larger of the two, and is nowfound mostly inwestern Canada.Betterknown in theUnited States is thePlains bison,or buffalo.At one time, herds of these animals could be sighed almost everywherefromtheAppalachianMountainsintheEasttotheRockyMountainsintheWest.The author implies that several types of bisonA.liveoutsidetheUnitedStatedandCanadaB.arewelladaptedtoswampyterrainC.existed before theIceAgeD.have beenkilled or havedied out1

1 阅读理解之推断题练习 一．推断题分类 A. 推断隐含意义 B. 推断作者观点或态度 C. 推断写作目的 D. 推断文章出处 E. 推断上下文内容 二．如何推断隐含意义 1. 提问形式 A. It can be inferred from the text that . B. From the text we know that .is most likely . C. When the writer talks about ., what the writer D. really means is . F. The writer suggests that . G. The story implies that . F. We can infer [conclude] from the passage that . 2.技巧点拨 1).全面分析 2).忠实原文 3).不要选择表层信息 3.Practice: Passage 1: Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called "the deathwatch beetle." （1 分钟） ● The sound of this beetle _. A.pleased people. B. surprised people. C. frightened people. D. excited people. Passage 2: Several different bison species have lived on the North American continent since the Ice Age; today only two exist. The wood bison is the larger of the two, and is now found mostly in western Canada. Better known in the United States is the Plains bison, or buffalo. At one time, herds of these animals could be sighed almost everywhere from the Appalachian Mountains in the East to the Rocky Mountains in the West. ● The author implies that several types of bison_. A. live outside the United Stated and Canada B. are well adapted to swampy terrain C. existed before the Ice Age D. have been killed or have died out

三、如何推断作者观点和态度1.说明文中作者的态度：objective（客观的）（中立的）；neutral在议论文中，有：(1)positive（积极的）(2)negative（消极的）(3)neutral (中立的)(4)approval（赞成的）(5)disapproval（不赞成的）（6）indifferent（不关心的）(7)sarcastic（讽刺的）（8)critical（批评的）（(9)optimistic（乐观的）(10)pessimistic（悲观的）2.提问的形式The writer's attitude toward... isThe writer thought thatAccording to the author3.技巧点拨注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。Passage 3. Just as crying can be healthy, not cryingholding back tears of anger, painorsuffering-canbebadforphysical(身体的）health.Studieshaveshownthattoomuch control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and someother illnesses.If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cryBut when you feel like crying,don't fight it.It's a natural-and healthy-emotionalresponse(反应).（2分钟）According to the author, which of the following statements is true?A. Crying is the best way to get help from others.B.Fightingback tears may cause some health problems.C.We will never know our deepfeelings unless we cry.D.We must cry if we want to reduce pressure.Passage 4.Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists(心理学家)suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boringNot very long ago, people's lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out andhunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured and life was a continuous battle forsurvival（生存）：Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and workin comparatively safe conditions; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors andhospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people istolook fordangerinactivities suchasbungee jumpingThewriter of thetext hasaattitude（态度）towardsdangeroussportsB.negativeA.positiveC. neutralD. nervous2

2 三、如何推断作者观点和态度： 1.说明文中作者的态度: objective（客观的） neutral （ 中立的）； 在议论文中，有： (1)positive (积极的) (2)negative （消极的） (3)neutral (中立的) (4)approval（赞成的） (5) disapproval （不赞成的） (6) indifferent（不关心的） (7)sarcastic （ 讽 刺 的 ） (8)critical ( 批 评 的 ) (9)optimistic （ 乐 观 的 ） (10)pessimistic （悲观的） 2. 提问的形式 The writer’s attitude toward. is_. The writer thought that_. According to the author _. 3 .技巧点拨 注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，才能推断出作者的 弦外之音。 Passage 3. Just as crying can be healthy, not crying—holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering—can be bad for physical(身体的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don’t fight it. It’s a natural—and healthy—emotional response(反应).（2 分钟） ●According to the author, which of the following statements is true? A. Crying is the best way to get help from others. B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems. C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry. D. We must cry if we want to reduce pressure. Passage 4.Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists（心 理学家）suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago, people's lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured and life was a continuous battle for survival（生存）. Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in comparatively safe conditions; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping. ●The writer of the text has a _ attitude（态度）towards dangerous sports. A. positive B. negative C. neutral D. nervous

四、如何推断写作目的1.提问方式：(1）考查整篇文章的写作目的A. The writer's purpose of writing this passage is toB. What is the purpose of writing this article?C.In writing thepassage, the author intends to(2）考查某处细节的写作意图A. The writer uses the example of...to show thatB. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage toC. ... are mentioned in the first paragraph to2.技巧点拨（1）根据文体类别推断写作目的(②）从写作手法来推断写作目的Passage5.Haveyoueverbeenout onaboatandfelt it liftedupbyawave?Orhaveyoujumped in the water and felt the rush ofenergy as waves came over you?"askedJamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh.“There iscertainly a lot of energy in waves,”he said.（1.5分钟）.The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage toA.test thereaders'knowledgeabout wavesB. draw the readers' attention to the topicC.show Jamie Taylor's importanceD.invite the readers to answer themPassage6A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman fromMaliyuwa, a nearby village.They lived with the man's big family-his parents, hisbrothers, their wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the youngwoman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar.Three months later the woman went back to her parents' home, having quarreledwith her husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat or work. It appeared to be ill andheart-brokenOne moming after several weeks the animal disappeared from thehouse.It went to the woman's home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk andtouched her with it.The young woman was so moved by theact ofthe animal that shereturnedtoherhusband'shome.（3分钟）ThewriterwrotethestoryinordertoA.showthatelephantsareverycleverB. tell how a woman trained a wild animalC. show that women care more for animals than men doD.tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife3

3 四、如何推断写作目的 1. 提问方式: (1) 考查整篇文章的写作目的 A. The writer’s purpose of writing this passage is to _. B. What is the purpose of writing this article? C. In writing the passage, the author intends to _. (2) 考查某处细节的写作意图 A. The writer uses the example of.to show that _. B. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _. C. .are mentioned in the first paragraph to _. 2. 技巧点拨 (1) 根据文体类别推断写作目的 (2) 从写作手法来推断写作目的 Passage5. “Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave? Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,” he said. （1.5 分钟） ●The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _. A. test the readers’ knowledge about waves B. draw the readers’ attention to the topic C. show Jamie Taylor’s importance D. invite the readers to answer them Passage6 A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa, a nearby village. They lived with the man's big family-his parents, his brothers, their wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the young woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar. Three months later the woman went back to her parents' home, having quarreled with her husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat or work. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house. It went to the woman's home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal that she returned to her husband's home.（3 分钟） ●The writer wrote the story in order to_. A. show that elephants are very clever B. tell how a woman trained a wild animal C. show that women care more for animals than men do D. tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife

五，如何推断文章出处1.提问方式The passage is most likely to be taken fromWhere would this passage most probably appear?Thepassage ismost likely a part of2.解题技巧这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处：(1）报纸(2)广告(3)产品说明：Passage7Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know whatis meant by"Take only as directed?"Read the following directions and see if youunderstand them.To reduce pain, take two tablets(药片)with water, followed by one tablet everyeighthours,asrequired.Fornight-timeand earlymorningrelief（缓解疼痛)taketwotablets atbedtime.Donottakemorethan sixtablets intwenty-fourhoursFor children six to twelve years old, give half the amount (量). For childrenunder six years old, ask your doctor's advice.Reduce the amount ifyou suffer fromrestlessness or sleeplessness after taking themedicine.（2分钟）This text is most probably taken from aA.textbookB.newsreelC. doctor's notebookD. bottle of medicinePassage8More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriouslyinjured （受伤)each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as fallingfrom a third floor window.Wearing a seat belt （安全带）saves lives; it reduces yourchance of death or serious injury by more than half.Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear aseat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to s 5o. It will not be up to the driversto make sure you wear your belt.But it will bethedriver'sresponsibility（贵任）tomake sure that children under 14do not ride in the front unless they are wearing seatbelt of some kind.However,youdonothave toweara seatbeltif youarereversing（倒退）yourvehicleoryouaremakingalocaldelivery（发送)orcollectionusingaspecialvehicleor if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Makesurethesecircumstances（情形）applytoyoubeforeyoudecidenottowearyour seatbelt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined ifyou cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.（3分钟）.This text is taken fromB. a police reportA.amedical magazineC. an advertisementD.a government information booklet4

4 五，如何推断文章出处 1. 提问方式 The passage is most likely to be taken from_. Where would this passage most probably appear? The passage is most likely a part of _. 2. 解题技巧 这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处：(1) 报纸 (2)广告 (3)产品说 明： Passage7 Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by “Take only as directed?” Read the following directions and see if you understand them. To reduce pain, take two tablets(药片) with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief (缓解疼痛) take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours. For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount (量). For children under six years old, ask your doctor’s advice. Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine. ●This text is most probably taken from a _. （2 分钟） A. textbook B. newsreel C. doctor’s notebook D. bottle of medicine Passage8 More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured（受伤）each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third floor window. Wearing a seat belt（安全带）saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half. Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to $ 50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driver's responsibility（责任）to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing seat belt of some kind. However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing（倒退）your vehicle or you are making a local delivery（发送）or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances（情形）apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it. （3 分钟） ●This text is taken from _. A. a medical magazine B. a police report C. an advertisement D. a government information booklet

五.推断上下文内容Passage 9When early humans hunted and gathered food, they were not in control of theirenvironment.TheycouldonlyinteractwiththeirsurroundingsaslowerorganismsdidWhen humans learned to make fire,however, they became capable of altering theirenvironment. To provide themselves with fuel they stripped bark from trees, causingthe trees to die. Clearings were burned in forests to increase the growth of grass and toprovide a greater grazing area for the wild animals that humans fed upon. Thisdevelopment led tofarming and thedomestication of animals.Fire also provided themeansforcookingplantswhichhad previouslybeeninedible.Onlywhentheprocessofmeetingthebasicneedforfoodreachedacertainlevel of sophisticationwasitpossibleforhumans tofollow otherpursuits such as the founding ofcities.（3分钟）The paragraph following this passage would most likely be aboutA. fireB. huntingC.farmingD.urbanization六、真题演练Passage 10It's no surprise that Jennifer Senior's insightful,provocative magazine coverstory, “I love My Children, IHate My Life," is arousing much chatter - nothing getspeople talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completelyfulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children makeparents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness:instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-momentjoy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though theday-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that“the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources ofintense gratification and delight。"The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly theonlyMadonna-and-child imageonnewsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewlyadoptive-andnewlysingle-momSandraBullock,as well astheusual"Jennifer Aniston is pregnant" news. Practically every week features at least onecelebrity mom,or mom-to-be,smiling on the newsstands。In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admittingyou regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing?Itdoesn't seem quitefair,then,tocomparetheregrets of parentstotheregrets ofthechildren. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn' t have hadkids,but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are thesingle most important thing in the world:obviously their misery must be a directresult of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives。Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly andPeople present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single motherslike Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy thanchildless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, consideringhow much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on,yet to hear Sandra and5

5 五. 推断上下文内容 Passage 9 When early humans hunted and gathered food, they were not in control of their environment. They could only interact with their surroundings as lower organisms did. When humans learned to make fire, however, they became capable of altering their environment. To provide themselves with fuel they stripped bark from trees, causing the trees to die. Clearings were burned in forests to increase the growth of grass and to provide a greater grazing area for the wild animals that humans fed upon. This development led to farming and the domestication of animals. Fire also provided the means for cooking plants which had previously been inedible. Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication was it possible for humans to follow other pursuits such as the founding of cities.（3 分钟） ●The paragraph following this passage would most likely be about _. A. fire B. hunting C. farming D. urbanization 六、真题演练 Passage 10 It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful，provocative magazine cover story，“I love My Children，I Hate My Life，”is arousing much chatter–nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling，life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable，Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness： instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy，we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard，Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight。” The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive–and newly single–mom Sandra Bullock， as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant”news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom，or mom-to-be，smiling on the newsstands。 In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation，is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing?It doesn’t seem quite fair，then，to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids，but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world：obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives。 Of course，the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic，especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples，single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there，considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on;yet to hear Sandra and

Britney tell it, raising a kid on their"own" (read: with round-the-clock help)is a pieceofcake.It's hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just becauseReeseand Angelinamakeit look soglamorous:mostadultsunderstandthatababyisnot a haircut.But it' s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week ofstress-free,happiness-enhancing parenthood aren't in some small, subconscious waycontributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience,in the same waythat a small part of us hoped getting“the Rachel" might make us look just a little bitlikeJenniferAniston。【问题】WelearnfromParagraph2thatA.celebrity moms are a permanent source forgossipB.single mothers with babies deserve greater attentionC.news about pregnant celebrities is entertainingD.havingchildrenishighlyvaluedbythepublic答案：(1)C(2)D(3)B (4) A (5) B(6)A(7)D(8)D(9)D(10)D【解析】题干和选项译文：我们从第二段可以知道。A，名人妈妈们是八卦永恒的焦点B.单亲妈妈理应受到更多的关注C.关于名人怀孕的新闻很具有娱乐性D.大众认为有孩子是一件很有价值的事答案：DA是notgiven选项，原文并没有对这个事实作出判断;B这个选项也是notgiven选项，原文也没有得出结论C这个选项本身是正确的，从各大报纸选取名人怀孕的新闻就可见这个新闻的娱乐性，但是D却是和文章主题相关的选项，被视为最佳选项，因此这个题目最后的入选选项为D而不是C。【方法总结】推理题与细节题不同的一点是：要选最佳选项而不仅仅是正确选项。那要注意的是，首先，要保证选项是正确的，这就要求对所属段落的文意要进行正确地理解，其次，既然要选择最佳选项，那何为“最佳”就成了正确回答推理题的关键。其实最佳选项就是要与文章的中心思想保持一致的选项，通过对文章的阅读，理解作者在字里行间并未明说却明确想要传达的意思，或者可以关注相关段落的段首段未主旨句，一般都能大概表明作者的立场。不同的题型有不同的应对方法，但对于英语阅读的复习却是应对不同题型的通用法宝，不管是词汇、长难句的积累，还是语感的把握，都能为不同解题方法的实6

6 Britney tell it，raising a kid on their“own”(read：with round-the-clock help)is a piece of cake。 It’s hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous：most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free，happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small，subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience，in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting“ the Rachel”might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston。 【问题】 We learn from Paragraph 2 that A.celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip B.single mothers with babies deserve greater attention C.news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining D.having children is highly valued by the public 答案： (1) C (2) D (3) B（4）A（5）B (6) A (7) D (8)D (9) D (10) D【解析】题干和选项译文： 我们从第二段可以知道 。 A. 名人妈妈们是八卦永恒的焦点 B. 单亲妈妈理应受到更多的关注 C. 关于名人怀孕的新闻很具有娱乐性 D. 大众认为有孩子是一件很有价值的事 答案：D A 是 not given 选项，原文并没有对这个事实作出判断;B 这个选项也是 not given 选项，原文也没有得出结论;C 这个选项本身是正确的，从各大报纸选取名人怀 孕的新闻就可见这个新闻的娱乐性，但是 D 却是和文章主题相关的选项，被视 为最佳选项，因此这个题目最后的入选选项为 D 而不是 C。 【方法总结】 推理题与细节题不同的一点是：要选择最佳选项而不仅仅是正确选项。那要注意 的是，首先，要保证选项是正确的，这就要求对所属段落的文意要进行正确地理 解，其次，既然要选择最佳选项，那何为“最佳”就成了正确回答推理题的关键。 其实最佳选项就是要与文章的中心思想保持一致的选项，通过对文章的阅读，理 解作者在字里行间并未明说却明确想要传达的意思，或者可以关注相关段落的段 首段末主旨句，一般都能大概表明作者的立场。 不同的题型有不同的应对方法，但对于英语阅读的复习却是应对不同题型的通用 法宝，不管是词汇、长难句的积累，还是语感的把握，都能为不同解题方法的实

施更好地奠定基础，大家一定要双管齐下，才能在考场上出奇制胜，7

7 施更好地奠定基础，大家一定要双管齐下，才能在考场上出奇制胜